C#中用WebClient.UploadData 方法上载文件数据
| 帳號 | |
| 密碼 |
我們需要在程序中提交數據到這個表單，對于這種表單，我們可以使用 WebClient.UploadData 方法來實現，將所要上傳的數據拼成字符即可，程序很簡單：
string uriString = "http://localhost/login.aspx"; // 創建一個新的 WebClient 實例. WebClient myWebClient = new WebClient(); string postData = "Username=admin&Password=admin"; // 注意這種拼字符串的ContentType myWebClient.Headers.Add("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded"); // 轉化成二進制數組 byte[] byteArray = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(postData); // 上傳數據，并獲取返回的二進制數據. byte[] responseArray = myWebClient.UploadData(uriString,"POST",byteArray);
對于文件上傳類的表單，例如(url: http://localhost/uploadFile.aspx)：
| 文件 |
對于這種表單，我們可以使用String uriString = "http://localhost/uploadFile.aspx"; // 創建一個新的 WebClient 實例. WebClient myWebClient = new WebClient(); string fileName = @"C:\upload.txt"; // 直接上傳，并獲取返回的二進制數據. byte[] responseArray = myWebClient.UploadFile(uriString,"POST",fileName);
還有一種表單，不僅有文字，還有文件，例如(url: http://localhost/uploadData.aspx)：
| 文件名 | |
| 文件 |
對于這種表單，似乎前面的兩種方法都不能適用，對于第一種方法，不能直接拼字符串，對于第二種，我們只能傳文件，重新回到第一個方法，注意參數：
public byte[] UploadData(
?? string address,
?? string method,
?? byte[] data
);
在第一個例子中，是通過拼字符串來得到byte[] data參數值的，對于這種表單顯然不行，反過來想想，對于uploadData.aspx這樣的程序來說，直接通過網頁提交數據，后臺所獲取到的流是什么樣的呢？（在我以前的一篇blog中，曾分析過這個問題：asp無組件上傳進度條解決方案），最終的數據如下：
-----------------------------7d429871607fe Content-Disposition: form-data; name="file1"; filename="G:\homepage.txt" Content-Type: text/plain 寶玉：http://www.webuc.net -----------------------------7d429871607fe Content-Disposition: form-data; name="filename" default filename -----------------------------7d429871607fe--
所以只要拼一個這樣的byte[] data數據Post過去，就可以達到同樣的效果了。但是一定要注意，對于這種帶有文件上傳的，其ContentType是不一樣的，例如上面的這種，其ContentType為"multipart/form-data; boundary=---------------------------7d429871607fe"。有了ContentType，我們就可以知道boundary(就是上面的"---------------------------7d429871607fe")，知道boundary了我們就可以構造出我們所需要的byte[] data了，最后，不要忘記，把我們構造的ContentType傳到WebClient中（例如:webClient.Headers.Add("Content-Type", ContentType);）這樣，就可以通過WebClient.UploadData 方法上載文件數據了。
具體代碼如下：
生成二進制數據類的封裝
using System;
using System.Web;
using System.IO;
using System.Net;
using System.Text;
using System.Collections;
namespace UploadData.Common
...{
??? /** <summary>
??? /// 創建WebClient.UploadData方法所需二進制數組
??? /// </summary>
??? public class CreateBytes
??? ...{
??????? Encoding encoding = Encoding.UTF8;
??????? /** <summary>
??????? /// 拼接所有的二進制數組為一個數組
??????? /// </summary>
??????? /// <param name="byteArrays">數組</param>
??????? /// <returns></returns>
??????? /// <remarks>加上結束邊界</remarks>
??????? public byte[] JoinBytes(ArrayList byteArrays)
??????? ...{
??????????? int length = 0;
??????????? int readLength = 0;
??????????? // 加上結束邊界
??????????? string endBoundary = Boundary + "--\r\n"; //結束邊界
??????????? byte[] endBoundaryBytes = encoding.GetBytes(endBoundary);
??????????? byteArrays.Add(endBoundaryBytes);
??????????? foreach(byte[] b in byteArrays)
??????????? ...{
??????????????? length += b.Length;
??????????? }
??????????? byte[] bytes = new byte[length];
??????????? // 遍歷復制
??????????? //
??????????? foreach(byte[] b in byteArrays)
??????????? ...{
??????????????? b.CopyTo(bytes, readLength);
??????????????? readLength += b.Length;
??????????? }
??????????? return bytes;
??????? }
??????? public bool UploadData(string uploadUrl, byte[] bytes, out byte[] responseBytes)
??????? ...{
??????????? WebClient webClient = new WebClient();
??????????? webClient.Headers.Add("Content-Type", ContentType);
??????????? try
??????????? ...{
??????????????? responseBytes = webClient.UploadData(uploadUrl, bytes);
??????????????? return true;
??????????? }
??????????? catch (WebException ex)
??????????? ...{
??????????????? Stream resp = ex.Response.GetResponseStream();
??????????????? responseBytes = new byte[ex.Response.ContentLength];
??????????????? resp.Read(responseBytes, 0, responseBytes.Length);???????????????
??????????? }
??????????? return false;
??????? }
?
??????? /** <summary>
??????? /// 獲取普通表單區域二進制數組
??????? /// </summary>
??????? /// <param name="fieldName">表單名</param>
??????? /// <param name="fieldValue">表單值</param>
??????? /// <returns></returns>
??????? /// <remarks>
??????? /// -----------------------------7d52ee27210a3c\r\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name=\"表單名\"\r\n\r\n表單值\r\n
??????? /// </remarks>
??????? public byte[] CreateFieldData(string fieldName, string fieldValue)
??????? ...{
??????????? string textTemplate = Boundary + "\r\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name=\"{0}\"\r\n\r\n{1}\r\n";
??????????? string text = String.Format(textTemplate, fieldName, fieldValue);
??????????? byte[] bytes = encoding.GetBytes(text);
??????????? return bytes;
??????? }
???????
??????? /** <summary>
??????? /// 獲取文件上傳表單區域二進制數組
??????? /// </summary>
??????? /// <param name="fieldName">表單名</param>
??????? /// <param name="filename">文件名</param>
??????? /// <param name="contentType">文件類型</param>
??????? /// <param name="contentLength">文件長度</param>
??????? /// <param name="stream">文件流</param>
??????? /// <returns>二進制數組</returns>
??????? public byte[] CreateFieldData(string fieldName, string filename,string contentType, byte[] fileBytes)
??????? ...{
??????????? string end = "\r\n";
??????????? string textTemplate = Boundary + "\r\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name=\"{0}\"; filename=\"{1}\"\r\nContent-Type: {2}\r\n\r\n";
???????????
??????????? // 頭數據
??????????? string data = String.Format(textTemplate, fieldName, filename, contentType);
??????????? byte[] bytes = encoding.GetBytes(data);
???????????
??????????? // 尾數據
??????????? byte[] endBytes = encoding.GetBytes(end);
??????????? // 合成后的數組
??????????? byte[] fieldData = new byte[bytes.Length + fileBytes.Length + endBytes.Length];
??????????? bytes.CopyTo(fieldData, 0); // 頭數據
??????????? fileBytes.CopyTo(fieldData, bytes.Length); // 文件的二進制數據
??????????? endBytes.CopyTo(fieldData, bytes.Length + fileBytes.Length); // \r\n
??????????? return fieldData;
??????? }
??????? 屬性#region 屬性
??????? public string Boundary
??????? ...{
??????????? get
??????????? ...{
??????????????? string[] bArray, ctArray;
??????????????? string contentType = ContentType;
??????????????? ctArray = contentType.Split(';');
??????????????? if (ctArray[0].Trim().ToLower() == "multipart/form-data")
??????????????? ...{
??????????????????? bArray = ctArray[1].Split('=');
??????????????????? return "--" + bArray[1];
??????????????? }
??????????????? return null;
??????????? }
??????? }
??????? public string ContentType
??????? ...{
??????????? get ...{
??????????????? if (HttpContext.Current == null)
??????????????? ...{
??????????????????? return "multipart/form-data; boundary=---------------------------7d5b915500cee";
??????????????? }
??????????????? return HttpContext.Current.Request.ContentType;
??????????? }
??????? }
??????? #endregion
??? }
}
在Winform中調用
using System;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Collections;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Data;
using UploadData.Common;
using System.IO;
namespace UploadDataWin
...{
??? /** <summary>
??? /// frmUpload 的摘要說明。
??? /// </summary>
??? public class frmUpload : System.Windows.Forms.Form
??? ...{
??????? private System.Windows.Forms.Label lblAmigoToken;
??????? private System.Windows.Forms.TextBox txtAmigoToken;
??????? private System.Windows.Forms.Label lblFilename;
??????? private System.Windows.Forms.TextBox txtFilename;
??????? private System.Windows.Forms.Button btnBrowse;
??????? private System.Windows.Forms.TextBox txtFileData;
??????? private System.Windows.Forms.Label lblFileData;
??????? private System.Windows.Forms.Button btnUpload;
??????? private System.Windows.Forms.OpenFileDialog openFileDialog1;
??????? private System.Windows.Forms.TextBox txtResponse;
??????? /** <summary>
??????? /// 必需的設計器變量。
??????? /// </summary>
??????? private System.ComponentModel.Container components = null;
??????? public frmUpload()
??????? ...{
??????????? //
??????????? // Windows 窗體設計器支持所必需的
??????????? //
??????????? InitializeComponent();
??????????? //
??????????? // TODO: 在 InitializeComponent 調用后添加任何構造函數代碼
??????????? //
??????? }
??????? /** <summary>
??????? /// 清理所有正在使用的資源。
??????? /// </summary>
??????? protected override void Dispose( bool disposing )
??????? ...{
??????????? if( disposing )
??????????? ...{
??????????????? if (components != null)
??????????????? ...{
??????????????????? components.Dispose();
??????????????? }
??????????? }
??????????? base.Dispose( disposing );
??????? }
??????? Windows 窗體設計器生成的代碼#region Windows 窗體設計器生成的代碼
??????? /** <summary>
??????? /// 設計器支持所需的方法 - 不要使用代碼編輯器修改
??????? /// 此方法的內容。
??????? /// </summary>
??????? private void InitializeComponent()
??????? ...{
??????????? this.lblAmigoToken = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
??????????? this.txtAmigoToken = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox();
??????????? this.lblFilename = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
??????????? this.txtFilename = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox();
??????????? this.btnBrowse = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
??????????? this.txtFileData = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox();
??????????? this.lblFileData = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
??????????? this.btnUpload = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
??????????? this.openFileDialog1 = new System.Windows.Forms.OpenFileDialog();
??????????? this.txtResponse = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox();
??????????? this.SuspendLayout();
??????????? //
??????????? // lblAmigoToken
??????????? //
??????????? this.lblAmigoToken.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(40, 48);
??????????? this.lblAmigoToken.Name = "lblAmigoToken";
??????????? this.lblAmigoToken.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(72, 23);
??????????? this.lblAmigoToken.TabIndex = 0;
??????????? this.lblAmigoToken.Text = "AmigoToken";
??????????? //
??????????? // txtAmigoToken
??????????? //
??????????? this.txtAmigoToken.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(120, 48);
??????????? this.txtAmigoToken.Name = "txtAmigoToken";
??????????? this.txtAmigoToken.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(248, 21);
??????????? this.txtAmigoToken.TabIndex = 1;
??????????? this.txtAmigoToken.Text = "";
??????????? //
??????????? // lblFilename
??????????? //
??????????? this.lblFilename.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(40, 96);
??????????? this.lblFilename.Name = "lblFilename";
??????????? this.lblFilename.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(80, 23);
??????????? this.lblFilename.TabIndex = 2;
??????????? this.lblFilename.Text = "Filename";
??????????? //
??????????? // txtFilename
??????????? //
??????????? this.txtFilename.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(120, 96);
??????????? this.txtFilename.Name = "txtFilename";
??????????? this.txtFilename.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(248, 21);
??????????? this.txtFilename.TabIndex = 3;
??????????? this.txtFilename.Text = "";
??????????? //
??????????? // btnBrowse
??????????? //
??????????? this.btnBrowse.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(296, 144);
??????????? this.btnBrowse.Name = "btnBrowse";
??????????? this.btnBrowse.TabIndex = 4;
??????????? this.btnBrowse.Text = "瀏覽...";
??????????? this.btnBrowse.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btnBrowse_Click);
??????????? //
??????????? // txtFileData
??????????? //
??????????? this.txtFileData.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(120, 144);
??????????? this.txtFileData.Name = "txtFileData";
??????????? this.txtFileData.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(168, 21);
??????????? this.txtFileData.TabIndex = 5;
??????????? this.txtFileData.Text = "";
??????????? //
??????????? // lblFileData
??????????? //
??????????? this.lblFileData.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(40, 144);
??????????? this.lblFileData.Name = "lblFileData";
??????????? this.lblFileData.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(72, 23);
??????????? this.lblFileData.TabIndex = 6;
??????????? this.lblFileData.Text = "FileData";
??????????? //
??????????? // btnUpload
??????????? //
??????????? this.btnUpload.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(48, 184);
??????????? this.btnUpload.Name = "btnUpload";
??????????? this.btnUpload.TabIndex = 7;
??????????? this.btnUpload.Text = "Upload";
??????????? this.btnUpload.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btnUpload_Click);
??????????? //
??????????? // txtResponse
??????????? //
??????????? this.txtResponse.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(136, 184);
??????????? this.txtResponse.Multiline = true;
??????????? this.txtResponse.Name = "txtResponse";
??????????? this.txtResponse.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(248, 72);
??????????? this.txtResponse.TabIndex = 8;
??????????? this.txtResponse.Text = "";
??????????? //
??????????? // frmUpload
??????????? //
??????????? this.AutoScaleBaseSize = new System.Drawing.Size(6, 14);
??????????? this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(400, 269);
??????????? this.Controls.Add(this.txtResponse);
??????????? this.Controls.Add(this.btnUpload);
??????????? this.Controls.Add(this.lblFileData);
??????????? this.Controls.Add(this.txtFileData);
??????????? this.Controls.Add(this.btnBrowse);
??????????? this.Controls.Add(this.txtFilename);
??????????? this.Controls.Add(this.lblFilename);
??????????? this.Controls.Add(this.txtAmigoToken);
??????????? this.Controls.Add(this.lblAmigoToken);
??????????? this.Name = "frmUpload";
??????????? this.Text = "frmUpload";
??????????? this.ResumeLayout(false);
??????? }
??????? #endregion
??????? /** <summary>
??????? /// 應用程序的主入口點。
??????? /// </summary>
??????? [STAThread]
??????? static void Main()
??????? ...{
??????????? Application.Run(new frmUpload());
??????? }
??????? private void btnUpload_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
??????? ...{
??????????? // 非空檢驗
??????????? if (txtAmigoToken.Text.Trim() == "" || txtFilename.Text == "" || txtFileData.Text.Trim() == "")
??????????? ...{
??????????????? MessageBox.Show("Please fill data");
??????????????? return;
??????????? }
??????????? // 所要上傳的文件路徑
??????????? string path = txtFileData.Text.Trim();
??????????? // 檢查文件是否存在
??????????? if (!File.Exists(path))
??????????? ...{
??????????????? MessageBox.Show("{0} does not exist!", path);
??????????????? return;
??????????? }
??????????? // 讀文件流
??????????? FileStream fs = new FileStream(path, FileMode.Open,
??????????????? FileAccess.Read, FileShare.Read);
???????????
??????????? // 這部分需要完善
??????????? string ContentType = "application/octet-stream";
??????????? byte[] fileBytes = new byte[fs.Length];
??????????? fs.Read(fileBytes, 0, Convert.ToInt32(fs.Length));
??????????? // 生成需要上傳的二進制數組
??????????? CreateBytes cb = new CreateBytes();
??????????? // 所有表單數據
??????????? ArrayList bytesArray = new ArrayList();
??????????? // 普通表單
??????????? bytesArray.Add(cb.CreateFieldData("FileName", txtFilename.Text));
??????????? bytesArray.Add(cb.CreateFieldData("AmigoToken", txtAmigoToken.Text));
??????????? // 文件表單
??????????? bytesArray.Add(cb.CreateFieldData("FileData", path
??????????????????????????????????????????????? , ContentType, fileBytes));
??????????? // 合成所有表單并生成二進制數組
??????????? byte[] bytes = cb.JoinBytes(bytesArray);
???????????
??????????? // 返回的內容
??????????? byte[] responseBytes;
???????????
??????????? // 上傳到指定Url
??????????? bool uploaded = cb.UploadData("http://localhost/UploadData/UploadAvatar.aspx", bytes, out responseBytes);
??????????? // 將返回的內容輸出到文件
??????????? using (FileStream file = new FileStream(@"c:\response.text", FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.Read))
??????????? ...{
??????????????? file.Write(responseBytes, 0, responseBytes.Length);
??????????? }
??????????? txtResponse.Text = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetString(responseBytes);
??????? }
??????? private void btnBrowse_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
??????? ...{
??????????? if(openFileDialog1.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
??????????? ...{
??????????????? txtFileData.Text = openFileDialog1.FileName;
??????????? }
??????? }
??? }
}
轉載于:https://www.cnblogs.com/MaxWoods/archive/2009/12/23/1630921.html
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