美团一面:你既然写过Mybatis插件,能给我说说它底层是怎么加载一个自定义插件的吗?...
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大多數框架,都支持插件,用戶可通過編寫插件來自行擴展功能,Mybatis也不例外。
我們從插件配置、插件編寫、插件運行原理、插件注冊與執行攔截的時機、初始化插件、分頁插件的原理等六個方面展開闡述。
1. 插件配置
Mybatis的插件配置在configuration內部,初始化時,會讀取這些插件,保存于Configuration對象的InterceptorChain中。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"> <configuration><plugins><plugin interceptor="com.mybatis3.interceptor.MyBatisInterceptor"><property name="value" value="100" /></plugin></plugins> </configuration> public class Configuration {protected final InterceptorChain interceptorChain = new InterceptorChain(); }org.apache.ibatis.plugin.InterceptorChain.java源碼。
public class InterceptorChain {private final List<Interceptor> interceptors = new ArrayList<Interceptor>();public Object pluginAll(Object target) {for (Interceptor interceptor : interceptors) {target = interceptor.plugin(target);}return target;}public void addInterceptor(Interceptor interceptor) {interceptors.add(interceptor);}public List<Interceptor> getInterceptors() {return Collections.unmodifiableList(interceptors);}}上面的for循環代表了只要是插件,都會以責任鏈的方式逐一執行(別指望它能跳過某個節點),所謂插件,其實就類似于攔截器。
2. 如何編寫一個插件
插件必須實現org.apache.ibatis.plugin.Interceptor接口。
public interface Interceptor {Object intercept(Invocation invocation) throws Throwable;Object plugin(Object target);void setProperties(Properties properties);}intercept()方法:執行攔截內容的地方,比如想收點保護費。由plugin()方法觸發,interceptor.plugin(target)足以證明。
plugin()方法:決定是否觸發intercept()方法。
setProperties()方法:給自定義的攔截器傳遞xml配置的屬性參數。
下面自定義一個攔截器:
@Intercepts({@Signature(type = Executor.class, method = "query", args = { MappedStatement.class, Object.class,RowBounds.class, ResultHandler.class }),@Signature(type = Executor.class, method = "close", args = { boolean.class }) }) public class MyBatisInterceptor implements Interceptor {private Integer value;@Overridepublic Object intercept(Invocation invocation) throws Throwable {return invocation.proceed();}@Overridepublic Object plugin(Object target) {System.out.println(value);// Plugin類是插件的核心類,用于給target創建一個JDK的動態代理對象,觸發intercept()方法return Plugin.wrap(target, this);}@Overridepublic void setProperties(Properties properties) {value = Integer.valueOf((String) properties.get("value"));}}面對上面的代碼,我們需要解決兩個疑問:
1. ?為什么要寫Annotation注解?注解都是什么含義?
答:Mybatis規定插件必須編寫Annotation注解,是必須,而不是可選。
@Intercepts注解:裝載一個@Signature列表,一個@Signature其實就是一個需要攔截的方法封裝。那么,一個攔截器要攔截多個方法,自然就是一個@Signature列表。
type = Executor.class, method = "query", args = { MappedStatement.class, Object.class,?RowBounds.class, ResultHandler.class }
解釋:要攔截Executor接口內的query()方法,參數類型為args列表。
2. Plugin.wrap(target, this)是干什么的?
答:使用JDK的動態代理,給target對象創建一個delegate代理對象,以此來實現方法攔截和增強功能,它會回調intercept()方法。
org.apache.ibatis.plugin.Plugin.java源碼:
public class Plugin implements InvocationHandler {private Object target;private Interceptor interceptor;private Map<Class<?>, Set<Method>> signatureMap;private Plugin(Object target, Interceptor interceptor, Map<Class<?>, Set<Method>> signatureMap) {this.target = target;this.interceptor = interceptor;this.signatureMap = signatureMap;}public static Object wrap(Object target, Interceptor interceptor) {Map<Class<?>, Set<Method>> signatureMap = getSignatureMap(interceptor);Class<?> type = target.getClass();Class<?>[] interfaces = getAllInterfaces(type, signatureMap);if (interfaces.length > 0) {// 創建JDK動態代理對象return Proxy.newProxyInstance(type.getClassLoader(),interfaces,new Plugin(target, interceptor, signatureMap));}return target;}@Overridepublic Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {try {Set<Method> methods = signatureMap.get(method.getDeclaringClass());// 判斷是否是需要攔截的方法(很重要)if (methods != null && methods.contains(method)) {// 回調intercept()方法return interceptor.intercept(new Invocation(target, method, args));}return method.invoke(target, args);} catch (Exception e) {throw ExceptionUtil.unwrapThrowable(e);}} //... }Map<Class<?>, Set<Method>> signatureMap:緩存需攔截對象的反射結果,避免多次反射,即target的反射結果。
所以,我們不要動不動就說反射性能很差,那是因為你沒有像Mybatis一樣去緩存一個對象的反射結果。
判斷是否是需要攔截的方法,這句注釋很重要,一旦忽略了,都不知道Mybatis是怎么判斷是否執行攔截內容的,要記住。
3. Mybatis可以攔截哪些接口對象?
public class Configuration { //... public ParameterHandler newParameterHandler(MappedStatement mappedStatement, Object parameterObject, BoundSql boundSql) {ParameterHandler parameterHandler = mappedStatement.getLang().createParameterHandler(mappedStatement, parameterObject, boundSql);parameterHandler = (ParameterHandler) interceptorChain.pluginAll(parameterHandler); // 1return parameterHandler;}public ResultSetHandler newResultSetHandler(Executor executor, MappedStatement mappedStatement, RowBounds rowBounds, ParameterHandler parameterHandler,ResultHandler resultHandler, BoundSql boundSql) {ResultSetHandler resultSetHandler = new DefaultResultSetHandler(executor, mappedStatement, parameterHandler, resultHandler, boundSql, rowBounds);resultSetHandler = (ResultSetHandler) interceptorChain.pluginAll(resultSetHandler); // 2return resultSetHandler;}public StatementHandler newStatementHandler(Executor executor, MappedStatement mappedStatement, Object parameterObject, RowBounds rowBounds, ResultHandler resultHandler, BoundSql boundSql) {StatementHandler statementHandler = new RoutingStatementHandler(executor, mappedStatement, parameterObject, rowBounds, resultHandler, boundSql);statementHandler = (StatementHandler) interceptorChain.pluginAll(statementHandler); // 3return statementHandler;}public Executor newExecutor(Transaction transaction) {return newExecutor(transaction, defaultExecutorType);}public Executor newExecutor(Transaction transaction, ExecutorType executorType) {executorType = executorType == null ? defaultExecutorType : executorType;executorType = executorType == null ? ExecutorType.SIMPLE : executorType;Executor executor;if (ExecutorType.BATCH == executorType) {executor = new BatchExecutor(this, transaction);} else if (ExecutorType.REUSE == executorType) {executor = new ReuseExecutor(this, transaction);} else {executor = new SimpleExecutor(this, transaction);}if (cacheEnabled) {executor = new CachingExecutor(executor);}executor = (Executor) interceptorChain.pluginAll(executor); // 4return executor;} //... }Mybatis只能攔截ParameterHandler、ResultSetHandler、StatementHandler、Executor共4個接口對象內的方法。
重新審視interceptorChain.pluginAll()方法:該方法在創建上述4個接口對象時調用,其含義為給這些接口對象注冊攔截器功能,注意是注冊,而不是執行攔截。
攔截器執行時機:plugin()方法注冊攔截器后,那么,在執行上述4個接口對象內的具體方法時,就會自動觸發攔截器的執行,也就是插件的執行。
所以,一定要分清,何時注冊,何時執行。切不可認為pluginAll()或plugin()就是執行,它只是注冊。
4.?Invocation
public class Invocation {private Object target;private Method method;private Object[] args; }intercept(Invocation invocation)方法的參數Invocation ,我相信你一定可以看得懂,不解釋。
5. 初始化插件源碼解析
org.apache.ibatis.builder.xml.XMLConfigBuilder.parseConfiguration(XNode)方法部分源碼。
pluginElement(root.evalNode("plugins"));private void pluginElement(XNode parent) throws Exception {if (parent != null) {for (XNode child : parent.getChildren()) {String interceptor = child.getStringAttribute("interceptor");Properties properties = child.getChildrenAsProperties();Interceptor interceptorInstance = (Interceptor) resolveClass(interceptor).newInstance();// 這里展示了setProperties()方法的調用時機interceptorInstance.setProperties(properties);configuration.addInterceptor(interceptorInstance);}}}對于Mybatis,它并不區分是何種攔截器接口,所有的插件都是Interceptor,Mybatis完全依靠Annotation去標識對誰進行攔截,所以,具備接口一致性。
6. 分頁插件原理
由于Mybatis采用的是邏輯分頁,而非物理分頁,那么,市場上就出現了可以實現物理分頁的Mybatis的分頁插件。
要實現物理分頁,就需要對String sql進行攔截并增強,Mybatis通過BoundSql對象存儲String sql,而BoundSql則由StatementHandler對象獲取。
public interface StatementHandler {<E> List<E> query(Statement statement, ResultHandler resultHandler) throws SQLException;BoundSql getBoundSql(); } public class BoundSql {public String getSql() {return sql;} }因此,就需要編寫一個針對StatementHandler的query方法攔截器,然后獲取到sql,對sql進行重寫增強。
來源:https://my.oschina.net/zudajun/blog/738973
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