Docker部署、鏡像推送至Docker Hub、拉取、運行

• Docker部署
• • Dockerfile文件內容
  • • 文件內容解釋
  • 制作鏡像
  • 查看鏡像
  • 本地運行鏡像
• 鏡像推送、拉取、運行
• • 鏡像推送
  • 鏡像拉取
  • 鏡像運行
  • 刪除鏡像需要注意的問題

Docker部署

1、首先需要通過Maven將項目打包可在本地運行的jar包
2、新建Dockerfile文件【直接New File–》輸入DockerFile便能建立】，為了方便后續操作，本文將Dockerfile文件建立target文件夾下

Dockerfile文件內容

# Docker image for springboot file run # VERSION 0.0.1 # Author: silentwu # 基礎鏡像使用java#### 打包代碼 FROM java:8 # 作者 MAINTAINER silentwu <silentwbz@163.com> # VOLUME 指定了臨時文件目錄為/tmp。 # 其效果是在主機 /var/lib/docker 目錄下創建了一個臨時文件，并鏈接到容器的/tmp VOLUME /tmp # 將jar包添加到容器中并更名為vorcsbine.jar ADD vorcsbine.jar /vorcsbine.jar # 運行jar包 # RUN bash -c 'touch /vorcsbine.jar' ENTRYPOINT ["java","-Djava.security.egd=file:/dev/./urandom","-jar","/vorcsbine.jar"]

文件內容解釋

VOLUME /tmp

可選項，VOLUME 指定了臨時文件目錄為/tmp。其效果是在主機 /var/lib/docker 目錄下創建了一個臨時文件，并鏈接到容器的/tmp。如若設計到文件相關操作，需要設置本配置項，/tmp目錄用于存儲Docker數據文件。

ADD vorcsbine.jar /vorcsbine.jar

將jar包添加到容器中并更名為vorcsbine.jar，根據你當前jar包路徑設置即可。

ENTRYPOINT [“java”,"-Djava.security.egd=file:/dev/./urandom","-jar","/vorcsbine.jar"]

因為 Spring Boot 使用的內嵌 Tomcat 容器默認使用/tmp作為工作目錄，項目的 jar 文件作為“vorcsbine.jar” 添加到容器的ENTRYPOINT 執行項目 vorcsbine.jar。為了縮短 Tomcat 啟動時間，添加一個系統屬性指向 “/dev/./urandom” 作為 Entropy Source。如果是第一次打包，它會自動下載java 8的鏡像作為基礎鏡像，以后再制作鏡像的時候就不會再下載了

制作鏡像

wubaozhangdeMacBook-Pro:target wubaozhang$ docker build -t vorcsbine . Sending build context to Docker daemon 1.528GB Step 1/5 : FROM java:8---> d23bdf5b1b1b Step 2/5 : MAINTAINER silentwu <silentwbz@163.com>---> Running in 757cd8cf3511 Removing intermediate container 757cd8cf3511---> a260f535e5e6 Step 3/5 : VOLUME /tmp---> Running in 6338f383b1b7 Removing intermediate container 6338f383b1b7---> de97b5525493 Step 4/5 : ADD vorcsbine.jar /vorcsbine.jar---> 6fe2feaa8aba Step 5/5 : ENTRYPOINT ["java","-Djava.security.egd=file:/dev/./urandom","-jar","/vorcsbine.jar"]---> Running in b5337a432769 Removing intermediate container b5337a432769---> 90f6886714ad Successfully built 90f6886714ad Successfully tagged vorcsbine:latest

設置鏡像名為vorcsbine，默認的鏡像版本為latest

查看鏡像

wubaozhangdeMacBook-Pro:target wubaozhang$ docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE vorcsbine latest 90f6886714ad 2 minutes ago 1.17GB silentwu/demo 1.0.0 0f98c6499f7e 4 days ago 660MB silentwu/silentwu 1.0.0 0f98c6499f7e 4 days ago 660MB appbaseio/dejavu latest fc2748827cf7 10 months ago 230MB mysql 5.7 1e4405fe1ea9 13 months ago 437MB tomcat latest 8973f493aa0a 16 months ago 508MB zookeeper latest eb0a01329223 16 months ago 225MB hello-world latest fce289e99eb9 2 years ago 1.84kB containerize/elastichd latest c2202f76db37 3 years ago 28.1MB java 8 d23bdf5b1b1b 3 years ago 643MB

本地運行鏡像

wubaozhangdeMacBook-Pro:target wubaozhang$ docker run -d -p 8090:8090 vorcsbine 4c0aaf6a919f21163b7794eb6af699991f4e7d7d50523c2ed765dad724ed40f2

-d 表示后臺運行，-p 用于映射端口 vorcsbine是鏡像名

使用docker run 命令每次會創建一個新的容器實例，一個鏡像可對應多個容器實例，我們可以通過設置不同端口來實現(這里再創建兩個容器實例進行運行)

wubaozhangdeMacBook-Pro:target wubaozhang$ docker run -d -p 8091:8090 vorcsbine e2c349054bc5ed9a87111e9d24f86bc40ac74d6325b82c93dcb092a546365dea wubaozhangdeMacBook-Pro:target wubaozhang$ docker run -d -p 8092:8090 vorcsbine 78212d6e55ec4776f0b58e51153604576527de346f7807b02da43a5dc17d9f45

使用docker ps命令來查看運行中的容器 使用docker ps -a命令來查看所有容器，包含沒運行的容器實例

wubaozhangdeMacBook-Pro:~ wubaozhang$ docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 78212d6e55ec vorcsbine "java -Djava.securit…" 5 minutes ago Up 5 minutes 0.0.0.0:8092->8090/tcp nifty_fermi e2c349054bc5 vorcsbine "java -Djava.securit…" 5 minutes ago Up 5 minutes 0.0.0.0:8091->8090/tcp reverent_heyrovsky 4c0aaf6a919f vorcsbine "java -Djava.securit…" 9 minutes ago Up 9 minutes 0.0.0.0:8090->8090/tcp inspiring_bassi

本地有三個端口映射到了Docker的8090端口，這也意味著我們可以使用這三個端口去訪問應用。
http://localhost:8090/vorcsbine/
http://localhost:8091/vorcsbine/
http://localhost:8092/vorcsbine/

鏡像推送、拉取、運行

鏡像制作完畢之后，為了方便日后使用，可以將鏡像推送至Docker Hub上

鏡像推送

1、使用鏡像推送前需要登錄Docker Hub賬戶，沒注冊的小伙伴們點擊此處去注冊

2、注冊完畢之后，使用docker login登錄

wubaozhangdeMacBook-Pro:target wubaozhang$ docker login Authenticating with existing credentials... Login Succeeded

我之前由于登錄過了，就不用重新輸入賬戶密碼。

3、使用docker tag命令給鏡像定制版本，為了方便以后查看項目版本，我們需要改動鏡像的tag版本，由于我之前上傳了0.0.1版本至Docker Hub，為了避免重復，我們這里改成0.0.2版本

wubaozhangdeMacBook-Pro:vorcsbine wubaozhang$ docker tag vorcsbine silentwu/vorcsbine:0.0.2 wubaozhangdeMacBook-Pro:vorcsbine wubaozhang$ docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE vorcsbine latest 90f6886714ad 29 minutes ago 1.17GB silentwu/vorcsbine 0.0.2 90f6886714ad 29 minutes ago 1.17GB

需要主要的是，由于docker官方鏡像倉庫默認是以用戶名為倉庫的，silentwu/vorcsbine:0.0.2的含義便是將vorcsbine:0.0.2鏡像推送至silentwu倉庫中

4、使用docker push命令進行鏡像推送

wubaozhangdeMacBook-Pro:vorcsbine wubaozhang$ docker push silentwu/vorcsbine:0.0.2 The push refers to repository [docker.io/silentwu/vorcsbine] 8a9d72a73ec7: Layer already exists 35c20f26d188: Mounted from silentwu/demo c3fe59dd9556: Layer already exists 6ed1a81ba5b6: Layer already exists a3483ce177ce: Layer already exists ce6c8756685b: Layer already exists 30339f20ced0: Layer already exists 0eb22bfb707d: Layer already exists a2ae92ffcd29: Layer already exists 0.0.2: digest: sha256:ddd55980532061afab63befcc2bf421894a075df1cccbbb891e161295c4344cc size: 2213

5、鏡像推送結果

推送后的鏡像默認是public view

鏡像拉取

小伙伴后可以安裝好Docker后，使用docker pull 命令進行拉取

為了方便測試，我這里先把本地的刪除掉，使用docker image rm REPOSITORY:TAG或IMAGE ID

wubaozhangdeMacBook-Pro:vorcsbine wubaozhang$ docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE vorcsbine latest 90f6886714ad 44 minutes ago 1.17GB silentwu/vorcsbine 0.0.2 90f6886714ad 44 minutes ago 1.17GB silentwu/silentwu 1.0.0 0f98c6499f7e 4 days ago 660MB silentwu/demo 1.0.0 0f98c6499f7e 4 days ago 660MB appbaseio/dejavu latest fc2748827cf7 10 months ago 230MB mysql 5.7 1e4405fe1ea9 13 months ago 437MB tomcat latest 8973f493aa0a 16 months ago 508MB zookeeper latest eb0a01329223 16 months ago 225MB hello-world latest fce289e99eb9 2 years ago 1.84kB containerize/elastichd latest c2202f76db37 3 years ago 28.1MB java 8 d23bdf5b1b1b 3 years ago 643MB wubaozhangdeMacBook-Pro:vorcsbine wubaozhang$ docker image rm silentwu/vorcsbine:0.0.2 Untagged: silentwu/vorcsbine:0.0.2 Untagged: silentwu/vorcsbine@sha256:ddd55980532061afab63befcc2bf421894a075df1cccbbb891e161295c4344cc wubaozhangdeMacBook-Pro:vorcsbine wubaozhang$ docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE vorcsbine latest 90f6886714ad About an hour ago 1.17GB silentwu/demo 1.0.0 0f98c6499f7e 4 days ago 660MB silentwu/silentwu 1.0.0 0f98c6499f7e 4 days ago 660MB appbaseio/dejavu latest fc2748827cf7 10 months ago 230MB mysql 5.7 1e4405fe1ea9 13 months ago 437MB tomcat latest 8973f493aa0a 16 months ago 508MB zookeeper latest eb0a01329223 16 months ago 225MB hello-world latest fce289e99eb9 2 years ago 1.84kB containerize/elastichd latest c2202f76db37 3 years ago 28.1MB java 8 d23bdf5b1b1b 3 years ago 643MB

我們發現silentwu/vorcsbine:0.0.2 鏡像已經在本地刪除

使用docker pull命令開始拉取鏡像

wubaozhangdeMacBook-Pro:vorcsbine wubaozhang$ docker pull silentwu/vorcsbine:0.0.2 0.0.2: Pulling from silentwu/vorcsbine Digest: sha256:ddd55980532061afab63befcc2bf421894a075df1cccbbb891e161295c4344cc Status: Downloaded newer image for silentwu/vorcsbine:0.0.2 wubaozhangdeMacBook-Pro:vorcsbine wubaozhang$ docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE vorcsbine latest 90f6886714ad About an hour ago 1.17GB silentwu/vorcsbine 0.0.2 90f6886714ad About an hour ago 1.17GB silentwu/demo 1.0.0 0f98c6499f7e 4 days ago 660MB silentwu/silentwu 1.0.0 0f98c6499f7e 4 days ago 660MB appbaseio/dejavu latest fc2748827cf7 10 months ago 230MB mysql 5.7 1e4405fe1ea9 13 months ago 437MB tomcat latest 8973f493aa0a 16 months ago 508MB zookeeper latest eb0a01329223 16 months ago 225MB hello-world latest fce289e99eb9 2 years ago 1.84kB containerize/elastichd latest c2202f76db37 3 years ago 28.1MB java 8 d23bdf5b1b1b 3 years ago 643MB

發現已成功拉取

鏡像運行

wubaozhangdeMacBook-Pro:vorcsbine wubaozhang$ docker run -d -p 8094:8090 silentwu/vorcsbine:0.0.2 569e8a0d1a0cfb11e8b7598b2d3cbcbe9c9909aedd29eba3967ecafc97e55571

刪除鏡像需要注意的問題

如果鏡像存在正在運行的容器實例，需要先停止容器實例的運行

wubaozhangdeMacBook-Pro:~ wubaozhang$ docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 569e8a0d1a0c silentwu/vorcsbine:0.0.2 "java -Djava.securit…" 9 minutes ago Up 9 minutes 0.0.0.0:8094->8090/tcp heuristic_shirley 78212d6e55ec vorcsbine "java -Djava.securit…" About an hour ago Up About an hour 0.0.0.0:8092->8090/tcp nifty_fermi e2c349054bc5 vorcsbine "java -Djava.securit…" About an hour ago Up About an hour 0.0.0.0:8091->8090/tcp reverent_heyrovsky 4c0aaf6a919f vorcsbine "java -Djava.securit…" About an hour ago Up About an hour 0.0.0.0:8090->8090/tcp inspiring_bassi 5bdad1c46b6b zookeeper

可以看到有四個容器實例正在運行，由于鏡像vorcsbine對應三個容器實例，為了方便，我們這里刪除silentwu/vorcsbine:0.0.2鏡像實例

我們這里先不關閉容器直接刪除

wubaozhangdeMacBook-Pro:~ wubaozhang$ docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE vorcsbine latest 90f6886714ad About an hour ago 1.17GB silentwu/vorcsbine 0.0.2 90f6886714ad About an hour ago 1.17GB silentwu/demo 1.0.0 0f98c6499f7e 4 days ago 660MB silentwu/silentwu 1.0.0 0f98c6499f7e 4 days ago 660MB appbaseio/dejavu latest fc2748827cf7 10 months ago 230MB mysql 5.7 1e4405fe1ea9 13 months ago 437MB tomcat latest 8973f493aa0a 16 months ago 508MB zookeeper latest eb0a01329223 16 months ago 225MB hello-world latest fce289e99eb9 2 years ago 1.84kB containerize/elastichd latest c2202f76db37 3 years ago 28.1MB java 8 d23bdf5b1b1b 3 years ago 643MB wubaozhangdeMacBook-Pro:~ wubaozhang$ docker image rm 90f6886714ad Error response from daemon: conflict: unable to delete 90f6886714ad (cannot be forced) - image is being used by running container 569e8a0d1a0c

可以發現報錯無法刪除，它的意思說我們要刪除的鏡像存在運行中的容器實例
所以，我們需要先停止容器實例，使用docker stop CONTAINERID命令停止，再進行刪除

wubaozhangdeMacBook-Pro:~ wubaozhang$ docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 569e8a0d1a0c silentwu/vorcsbine:0.0.2 "java -Djava.securit…" 15 minutes ago Up 15 minutes 0.0.0.0:8094->8090/tcp heuristic_shirley 78212d6e55ec vorcsbine "java -Djava.securit…" About an hour ago Up About an hour 0.0.0.0:8092->8090/tcp nifty_fermi e2c349054bc5 vorcsbine "java -Djava.securit…" About an hour ago Up About an hour 0.0.0.0:8091->8090/tcp reverent_heyrovsky 4c0aaf6a919f vorcsbine "java -Djava.securit…" About an hour ago Up About an hour 0.0.0.0:8090->8090/tcp inspiring_bassi 5bdad1c46b6b zookeeper "/docker-entrypoint.…" 15 months ago Up 3 days 2888/tcp, 3888/tcp, 0.0.0.0:2181->2181/tcp, 8080/tcp myzk wubaozhangdeMacBook-Pro:~ wubaozhang$ docker stop 569e8a0d1a0c 569e8a0d1a0c wubaozhangdeMacBook-Pro:~ wubaozhang$ docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 78212d6e55ec vorcsbine "java -Djava.securit…" About an hour ago Up About an hour 0.0.0.0:8092->8090/tcp nifty_fermi e2c349054bc5 vorcsbine "java -Djava.securit…" About an hour ago Up About an hour 0.0.0.0:8091->8090/tcp reverent_heyrovsky 4c0aaf6a919f vorcsbine "java -Djava.securit…" About an hour ago Up About an hour 0.0.0.0:8090->8090/tcp inspiring_bassi 5bdad1c46b6b zookeeper "/docker-entrypoint.…" 15 months ago Up 3 days 2888/tcp, 3888/tcp, 0.0.0.0:2181->2181/tcp, 8080/tcp myzk

最后再進行刪除

wubaozhangdeMacBook-Pro:~ wubaozhang$ docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE vorcsbine latest 90f6886714ad About an hour ago 1.17GB silentwu/vorcsbine 0.0.2 90f6886714ad About an hour ago 1.17GB silentwu/silentwu 1.0.0 0f98c6499f7e 4 days ago 660MB silentwu/demo 1.0.0 0f98c6499f7e 4 days ago 660MB appbaseio/dejavu latest fc2748827cf7 10 months ago 230MB mysql 5.7 1e4405fe1ea9 13 months ago 437MB tomcat latest 8973f493aa0a 16 months ago 508MB zookeeper latest eb0a01329223 16 months ago 225MB hello-world latest fce289e99eb9 2 years ago 1.84kB containerize/elastichd latest c2202f76db37 3 years ago 28.1MB java 8 d23bdf5b1b1b 3 years ago 643MB wubaozhangdeMacBook-Pro:~ wubaozhang$ docker image rm silentwu/vorcsbine:0.0.2 Untagged: silentwu/vorcsbine:0.0.2 Untagged: silentwu/vorcsbine@sha256:ddd55980532061afab63befcc2bf421894a075df1cccbbb891e161295c4344cc wubaozhangdeMacBook-Pro:~ wubaozhang$ docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE vorcsbine latest 90f6886714ad About an hour ago 1.17GB silentwu/demo 1.0.0 0f98c6499f7e 4 days ago 660MB silentwu/silentwu 1.0.0 0f98c6499f7e 4 days ago 660MB appbaseio/dejavu latest fc2748827cf7 10 months ago 230MB mysql 5.7 1e4405fe1ea9 13 months ago 437MB tomcat latest 8973f493aa0a 16 months ago 508MB zookeeper latest eb0a01329223 16 months ago 225MB hello-world latest fce289e99eb9 2 years ago 1.84kB containerize/elastichd latest c2202f76db37 3 years ago 28.1MB java 8 d23bdf5b1b1b 3 years ago 643MB

最后成功刪除

引用
Docker部署SpringBoot項目
Docker書籍《深入淺出Docker》
Docker快速入門教程Click me

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