HALCON/C++可以處理各種不同類型的字母數(shù)字混合的控制參數(shù)，如下：

• 離散數(shù)字（long）
• 浮點(diǎn)數(shù)字（double）
• 字符串（char*）

控制參數(shù)的一個(gè)特殊形式是句柄，提供了途徑去訪問復(fù)雜的數(shù)據(jù)類型，像windows,圖像獲取設(shè)備，用于形狀匹配的模型。實(shí)際上，在內(nèi)部，句柄總是以離散數(shù)字（long）表示。

HALCON/C++使用tuple表示控制參數(shù)的容器類。另外，tuple是多態(tài)的，可以包含各種類型的參數(shù)。為了實(shí)現(xiàn)這個(gè)目的，HCtrlVal被介紹，請(qǐng)看下一節(jié)。

The Basic Class for Control Parameters

HCtrlVal是類HTuple的基類，并且一般對(duì)于用戶隱藏。因?yàn)樗鼉H僅用于臨時(shí)的類型轉(zhuǎn)換。核心點(diǎn)時(shí)它包含三種基本的控制參數(shù)類型，即離散數(shù)字（long）,浮點(diǎn)類型(double)，字符串類型(char*)。HCtrlVal提供了以下成員函數(shù)：

typedef long long Hlong;HCtrlVal(void) Default constructor. HCtrlVal(Hlong l) Constructing a value from long.HCtrlVal(int l) Constructing a value from int.HCtrlVal(double d) Constructing a value from double. HCtrlVal(const char *s) Constructing a value from char *. HCtrlVal(const HCtrlVal &v) Copy constructor. ~HCtrlVal(void) Destructor. HCtrlVal& operator = (const HCtrlVal &v) Assignment operator. int ValType() const Type of a value (O: Hlong, int; 1: float, double; 2: string). 見： enum HCtrlType {LongVal = LONG_PAR, DoubleVal = DOUBLE_PAR,StringVal = STRING_PAR,UndefVal = UNDEF_PAR };operator int(void) const Conversion to int. operator Hlong(void) const Conversion to long. operator double(void) const Conversion to double. operator const char*(void) const Conversion to char *. double D() const Accessing a value and conversion to double. Hlong L() const Accessing a value and conversion to Hlong. int I() const Accessing a value and conversion to int. const char *S() const Accessing a value and conversion to char *. HCtrlVal operator + (const HCtrlVal &val) const Adding two values. HCtrlVal operator - (const HCtrlVal &val) const Subtracting two values. HCtrlVal operator * (const HCtrlVal &val) const Multiplying two values. HCtrlVal operator / (const HCtrlVal &val) const Division of two values.

這里面和我們前面介紹的HPixVal與int等各類型的轉(zhuǎn)換相似，HCtrlVal也提供了與基本類型的相互轉(zhuǎn)換和封裝。

另外有幾個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)換函數(shù)比較重要：

• double D() const
  Accessing a value and conversion to double.

• long L() const
  Accessing a value and conversion to long.

• int I() const
  Accessing a value and conversion to int.

• const char *S() const
  Accessing a value and conversion to char *.

Tuples

HTuple建立在HCtrlVal的基礎(chǔ)上。它實(shí)現(xiàn)了動(dòng)態(tài)長度的HCtrlVal對(duì)象的數(shù)組。默認(rèn)的構(gòu)造函數(shù)定義了一個(gè)空的數(shù)組（Num()==0）。并且數(shù)組可以通過賦值動(dòng)態(tài)地?cái)U(kuò)展。內(nèi)存管理，如重新分配、釋放，也由類自身管理。訪問數(shù)組的序號(hào)是0到Num()-1

下面介紹幾個(gè)重要的成員函數(shù)，更詳細(xì)地請(qǐng)?jiān)L問：%HALCONROOT%\include\cpp。

• HTuple(int length, const HTuple \&value)
  構(gòu)造指定長度的常數(shù)組，同 tuple_gen_const.
• HCtrlVal &operator [] (int i)
  設(shè)置第i個(gè)元素
• HCtrlVal operator [] (int i) const
  讀取第i個(gè)元素

---

數(shù)組算術(shù)運(yùn)算

• HTuple operator + (const HTuple &val) const
  Adding two tuples element by element, similar to the operator tuple_add. The arrays have to be of the same size.

• HTuple operator + (double &val) const
  HTuple operator + (int &val) const
  Adding a number to each element of the tuple, similar to the operator tuple_add.

• HTuple operator - (const HTuple &val) const
  Subtracting two tuples element by element, similar to the operator tuple_sub. The arrays have to be of the same size.

• HTuple operator - (double &val) const
  HTuple operator - (int &val) const
  Subtracting a number from each element of the tuple, similar to the operator tuple_sub.

• HTuple operator * (const HTuple &val) const
  Multiplying two tuples element by element, similar to the operator tuple_mult. The arrays have to be of the same size.

• HTuple operator * (double &val) const
  HTuple operator * (int &val) const
  Multiplying a number with each element of the tuple, similar to the operator tuple_mult.

• HTuple operator / (const HTuple &val) const
  Division of two tuples element by element, similar to the operator tuple_div. The arrays have to be of the same size.

• HTuple operator / (double &val) const
  HTuple operator / (int &val) const
  Division of each element of the tuple by a number, similar to the operator tuple_div.

例1

#include "HalconCpp.h" using namespace Halcon; #include "HIOStream.h" #if !defined(USE_IOSTREAM_H) using namespace std; #endifvoid main() {HTuple t;cout << t.Num() << '\n'; // The length of the tuple is 0t[0] = 0.815; // Assigning values to the tuplet[1] = 42;t[2] = "HAL";cout << t.Num() << '\n'; // The length of the tuple is 3cout << "HTuple = " << t << '\n'; // Using the << operator double d = t[0]; // Accessing the tuple, if theint l = t[1]; // the types of the elements//Hlong l=t[1];const char *s = t[2]; // are known// Accessing the tuple, if the types of the elements are knownprintf("Values: %g %ld %s\n", t[0].D(), t[1].L(), t[2].S()); }

句柄封裝類

最突出的類是HWindow.自從Halcon 6.1開始，HALCON/C++也提供了訪問文件或者功能的句柄類，如圖像獲取裝置，測量，或者基于形狀的匹配。

Windows

HWindow以很方便的方式提供了Halcon窗口，halcon窗口的屬性很容易改變。并且圖像、區(qū)域、多邊形等都可以顯示在窗口上。下面列舉常用的成員函數(shù)：

---

創(chuàng)建窗口：

• HWindow(int Row=0, int Column=0,
  int Width=-1, int Height=-1,
  int Father = 0, const char *Mode = “”,
  const char *Host = “”)
  Default constructor. The constructed window is opened.

• ~HWindow(void)
  Destructor. This closes the window.

• void Click(void) const
  等待用戶在窗口點(diǎn)擊鼠標(biāo)

• HDPoint2D GetMbutton(int *button) const
  HDPoint2D GetMbutton(void) const

  獲取鼠標(biāo)點(diǎn)擊時(shí)的坐標(biāo)，和鼠標(biāo)的類型。見 get_mbutton.
  鼠標(biāo)類型：
  1:
  Left button,
  2:
  Middle button,
  4:
  Right button.

• HDPoint2D GetMposition(int *button) const
  HDPoint2D GetMposition(void) const
  獲取鼠標(biāo)的位置和鼠標(biāo)的點(diǎn)擊類型，不要求鼠標(biāo)一定要點(diǎn)擊。見 get_mposition.

• HCircle DrawCircle(void) const
  Waiting for the user to draw a circle in the window, see the reference manual entry of draw_circle.

• HEllipse DrawEllipse(void) const
  Waiting for the user to draw an ellipse in the window, see the reference manual entry of draw_ellipse.

• HRectangle1 DrawRectangle1(void) const
  Waiting for the user to draw a rectangle parallel to the coordinate axis in the window, see the reference manual entry of draw_rectangle1.

• HRectangle2 DrawRectangle2(void) const
  Waiting for the user to draw a rectangle with an arbitrary orientation and size in the window, see the reference manual entry of draw_rectangle2.

例2

#include "HalconCpp.h" using namespace Halcon;void main() {HImage image("E:\\halcon\\images\\control_unit.png"); // Reading an image from a fileHWindow w; // Opening an appropriate windowimage.Display(w); // Display the imagew.SetLut("change2"); // Set a lookup tablew.Click(); // Waiting for a mouse clickw.SetLut("default"); // Set the default lookup tablew.SetPart(100, 100, 200, 200); // Set a part of the windowimage.Display(w);w.Click();// Adapting the part to the image againw.SetPart(0, 0, image.Height() - 1, image.Width() - 1);image.Display(w);HRegionArray regs = image.Regiongrowing(1, 1, 4, 100);w.SetDraw("margin");w.SetColored(6);regs.Display(w);w.Click();image.Display(w);w.SetShape("rectangle1");regs.Display(w); }

窗口在從文件中讀取圖像后打開，這意味著窗口被縮放到圖像的大小。
The lookup table is changed afterwards, and the program waits for a mouse click in the window. A part of the image is zoomed now, and the program waits again for a mouse click in the window. By applying a region growing algorithm from the HALCON library (Regiongrowing) regions are generated and displayed in the window. Only the margin of the regions is displayed. It is displayed in 6 different colors in the window. The example ends with another way of displaying the shape of regions. The smallest rectangle parallel to the coordinate axes surrounding each region is displayed.

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