#!/bin/bash

# array-ops.sh: 數組更多有趣的用法.

array=( zero one two three four five )

# 元素      

echo ${array[]} # zero

echo ${array:} # zero

# 第一個元素的參數擴展,

#+ 從位置0開始 (即第一個字符).

echo ${array:} # ero

# 第一個元素的參數擴展,

#+ 從位置1開始 (即第二個字符).

echo "--------------"

echo ${#array[]} #

# 數組第一個元素的長度.

echo ${#array} #

# 數組第一個元素的長度.

# (另一種寫法)

echo ${#array[]} #

# 數組第二個元素的長度.

# Bash的數組是0開始索引的.

echo ${#array[*]} #

# 數組中元素的個數.

echo ${#array[@]} #

# 數組中元素的個數.

echo "--------------"

array2=( []="first element" []="second element" []="fourth element" )

echo ${array2[]} # 第一個元素

echo ${array2[]} # 第二個元素

echo ${array2[]} #

# 因為初始化時沒有指定，因此值為空(null).

echo ${array2[]} # 第四個元素

exit 

#!/bin/bash

# array-strops.sh: 用于數組的字符串操作符.

# 由Michael Zick編碼.

# 已征得作者的同意.

# 一般來說，任何類似 ${name ... } 寫法的字符串操作符

#+ 都能在一個數組的所有字符串元素中使用

#+ 像${name[@] ... } 或 ${name[*] ...} 的寫法.

arrayZ=( one two three four five five )

echo

# 提取尾部的子串

echo ${arrayZ[@]:} # one two three four five five

# 所有的元素.

echo ${arrayZ[@]:} # two three four five five

# 在第一個元素 element[]后面的所有元素.

echo ${arrayZ[@]::} # two three

# 只提取在元素 element[]后面的兩個元素.

echo "-----------------------"

# 子串刪除

# 從字符串的前部刪除最短的匹配,

#+ 匹配字串是一個正則表達式.

echo ${arrayZ[@]#f*r} # one two three five five

# 匹配表達式作用于數組所有元素.

# 匹配了"four"并把它刪除.

# 字符串前部最長的匹配

echo ${arrayZ[@]##t*e} # one two four five five

# 匹配表達式作用于數組所有元素.

# 匹配"three"并把它刪除.

# 字符串尾部的最短匹配

echo ${arrayZ[@]%h*e} # one two t four five five

# 匹配表達式作用于數組所有元素.

# 匹配"hree"并把它刪除.

# 字符串尾部的最長匹配

echo ${arrayZ[@]%%t*e} # one two four five five

# 匹配表達式作用于數組所有元素.

# 匹配"three"并把它刪除.

echo "-----------------------"

# 子串替換

# 第一個匹配的子串會被替換

echo ${arrayZ[@]/fiv/XYZ} # one two three four XYZe XYZe

# 匹配表達式作用于數組所有元素.

# 所有匹配的子串會被替換

echo ${arrayZ[@]//iv/YY} # one two three four fYYe fYYe

# 匹配表達式作用于數組所有元素.

# 刪除所有的匹配子串

# 沒有指定代替字串意味著刪除

echo ${arrayZ[@]//fi/} # one two three four ve ve

# 匹配表達式作用于數組所有元素.

# 替換最前部出現的字串

echo ${arrayZ[@]/#fi/XY} # one two three four XYve XYve

# 匹配表達式作用于數組所有元素.

# 替換最后部出現的字串

echo ${arrayZ[@]/%ve/ZZ} # one two three four fiZZ fiZZ

# 匹配表達式作用于數組所有元素.

echo ${arrayZ[@]/%o/XX} # one twXX three four five five

# 為什么?

echo "-----------------------"

# 在從awk(或其他的工具)取得數據之前 --

# 記得:

# $( ... ) 是命令替換.

# 函數以子進程運行.

# 函數將輸出打印到標準輸出.

# 用read來讀取函數的標準輸出.

# name[@]的寫法指定了一個"for-each"的操作.

newstr() {

echo -n "!!!"

}

echo ${arrayZ[@]/%e/$(newstr)}

# on!!! two thre!!! four fiv!!! fiv!!!

# Q.E.D: 替換部分的動作實際上是一個'賦值'.

# 使用"For-Each"型的

echo ${arrayZ[@]//*/$(newstr optional_arguments)}

# 現在Now, 如果if Bash只傳遞匹配$0的字符串給要調用的函數. . .

#

echo

exit 

#!/bin/bash

# days-between.sh: Number of days between two dates.

# Usage: ./days-between.sh [M]M/[D]D/YYYY [M]M/[D]D/YYYY

#

# Note: Script modified to account for changes in Bash .05b

#+ that closed the loophole permitting large negative

#+ integer return values.

ARGS= # Two command line parameters expected.

E_PARAM_ERR= # Param error.

REFYR= # Reference year.

CENTURY=

DIY=

ADJ_DIY= # Adjusted for leap year + fraction.

MIY=

DIM=

LEAPCYCLE=

MAXRETVAL= # Largest permissable

#+ positive return value from a function.

diff= # Declare global variable for date difference.

value= # Declare global variable for absolute value.

day= # Declare globals for day, month, year.

month=

year=

Param_Error () # Command line parameters wrong.

{

echo "Usage: `basename $0` [M]M/[D]D/YYYY [M]M/[D]D/YYYY"

echo " (date must be after 1/3/1600)"

exit $E_PARAM_ERR

}

Parse_Date () # Parse date from command line params.

{

month=${%%/**}

dm=${1%/**} # Day and month.

day=${dm#*/}

let "year = `basename $1`" # Not a filename, but works just the same.

}

check_date () # Checks for invalid date(s) passed.

{

[ "$day" -gt "$DIM" ] || [ "$month" -gt "$MIY" ] || [ "$year" -lt "$REFYR" ] && Param_Error

# Exit script on bad value(s).

# Uses "or-list / and-list".

#

# Exercise: Implement more rigorous date checking.

}

strip_leading_zero () # Better to strip possible leading zero(s)

{ #+ from day and/or month

return ${#} #+ since otherwise Bash will interpret them

} #+ as octal values (POSIX., sect 2.9.2.1).

day_index () # Gauss' Formula:

{ # Days from Jan. ,  to date passed as param.

day=$

month=$

year=$

let "month = $month - 2"

if [ "$month" -le  ]

then

let "month += 12"

let "year -= 1"

fi

let "year -= $REFYR"

let "indexyr = $year / $CENTURY"

let "Days = $DIY*$year + $year/$LEAPCYCLE - $indexyr + $indexyr/$LEAPCYCLE + $ADJ_DIY*$month/$MIY + $day - $DIM"

# For an in-depth explanation of this algorithm, see

#+ http://home.t-online.de/home/berndt.schwerdtfeger/cal.htm

echo $Days

}

calculate_difference () # Difference between to day indices.

{

let "diff = $1 - $2" # Global variable.

}

abs () # Absolute value

{ # Uses global "value" variable.

if [ "$1" -lt  ] # If negative

then #+ then

let "value = 0 - $1" #+ change sign,

else #+ else

let "value = $1" #+ leave it alone.

fi

}

if [ $# -ne "$ARGS" ] # Require two command line params.

then

Param_Error

fi

Parse_Date $

check_date $day $month $year # See if valid date.

strip_leading_zero $day # Remove any leading zeroes

day=$? #+ on day and/or month.

strip_leading_zero $month

month=$?

let "date1 = `day_index $day $month $year`"

echo $date1

Parse_Date $

check_date $day $month $year

strip_leading_zero $day

day=$?

strip_leading_zero $month

month=$?

date2=$(day_index $day $month $year) # Command substitution.

echo $date2

calculate_difference $date1 $date2

abs $diff # Make sure it's positive.

diff=$value

echo $diff

exit

# Compare this script with

#+ the implementation of Gauss' Formula in a C program at:

#+ http://buschencrew.hypermart.net/software/datedif

#!/bin/bash

exec <007en

exec <007cn

no=

while read f1 <& && read f2 <&

do

    #echo $f1\($f2\)

    tmpname=${f1}"("${f2}")"

    #echo $tmpname

   allnames[$no]=$tmpname

   let "no+=1"

done

#let "count=no-1"

no=

for i in *

do

  if ! [ -d $i ]

  then

      continue

  fi

  pref=${i::}

  tmpname=${allnames[$no]}

  newname=$pref$tmpname

  #echo $newname

  if ! [ $i = $newname ];then

     mv -v $i $newname

  fi

  let "no+=1"

done

#!/bin/bash

for i in *

do

    if [ ! -d $i ];then

        continue

    fi

    cd $i

    \rm -v *gif *html *htm *js

    for j in *

    do

        if [ -d $j ]

        then

            \rm -rv $j

            continue

        fi

        #找出含有jpg或jpeg的圖片

        a=`echo $j|grep jpg`

        xa=`echo $?`

        b=`echo $j|grep jpeg`

        xb=`echo $?`

       if [ $xa -eq  ] && [ $xb -eq  ]

       then

           \rm -v $j

           continue

       fi

       #得到圖片的尺寸

       sze=`identify $j|awk '{print $3}'`

       width=${sze%x*}

       height=${sze#*x}

       if [ $width -lt  ] && [ $height -lt  ]

       then

           \rm -v $j

       fi

   done

   cd ..

done

#!/bin/sh

# Last modified: 2003年07月05日 星期六 00時09分44秒 [test]

SOURCE=$

TARGET=$

#CP=./fack_cp

CP=cp

$CP "$SOURCE" "$TARGET" &

CPID=$!

isalive(){

        out=`ps -p $ > /dev/null`

        return $?

}

while [  ]; do {

        SSIZE=`/bin/ls -l $SOURCE | gawk "{print \\\$5}"`

        if [ -f $TARGET ]; then

                TSIZE=`/bin/ls -l $TARGET | gawk "{print \\\$5}"`

        else

                TSIZE=""

        fi

        PERCENT=`echo "scale=2; $TSIZE/$SSIZE*100" | bc -l`

        RATE=`echo "scale=0; 63*$PERCENT/100" | bc -l`

        BLUE="\\033[3;44m"

        NORMAIL="\\033[0;39m"

        BAR=$BLUE

        i=

        while [ $i -le  ]; do

                [ $i = $RATE ] && BAR=$BAR"\\033[7;39m"

                BAR=$BAR" "

                let i=$i+

        done

        BAR=$BAR$NORMAIL

        echo -en "\r$BAR ${PERCENT}%"

        if ! isalive "$CPID"; then echo -en "\n"; exit; fi

        sleep

}

done

#!/bin/bash

#eval命令的另一種使用方法

#做算術運算要使用表達式((count=$#))或者let "count=$#",

#如果使用count=$#賦值,shell則認為count是字符串

((count=$#))

cmd=echo

while :

do

  cmd="$cmd \$$count"

  ((count=`expr $count-`))

  if [ $count -eq  ]

  then

    break

  fi

done

eval $cmd

#!/bin/bash

let allrows=/

let allcols=/

#echo "allrows="$allrows

#echo "allcols="$allcols

#echo $#

if [ $# -lt  ]

then

   echo "Usage xxx row col"

elif [ $# -eq  ]

then

   let row=$/$allrows

   let col=$%$allcols

   echo "row="$row

   echo "col="$col

elif [ $# -ge  ]

then

   row=$

   col=$

   echo "row="$row

   echo "col="$col

fi

let rowS=$row*+

let rowE=$rowS+

let colS1=$col*+

let colS2=$col*+

let colS3=$col*+

let colS4=$col*+

#echo "colS1="$colS1 "colS2="$colS2 "colS3"=$colS3 "colS4"=$colS4

#aa="${rowS},${rowE}"

#echo $aa

#sed -n "$rowS"','"$rowE"'p' mv.txt |awk '{print $colS1 $colS2 $colS3 $colS4}'

sed -n "$rowS"','"$rowE"'p' mv.txt |awk -v colS1=$colS1 -v colS2=$colS2 -v colS3=$colS3 -v colS4=$colS4 '{print $colS1 $colS2 $colS3 $colS4}'

#!/bin/bash

# rnd.sh: 輸出一個10進制隨機數

# Script by Stephane Chazelas.

head -c4 /dev/urandom | od -N4 -tu4 | sed -ne '1s/.* //p'

# =================================================================== #

# 分析

# ----

# head:

# -c4 選項將取得前4個字節.

# od:

# -N4 選項將限制輸出為4個字節.

# -tu4 選項將使用無符號10進制格式來輸出.

# sed:

# -n 選項, 使用 "s" 命令與 "p" 標志組合的方式,

# 將會只輸出匹配的行.

# 本腳本作者解釋 'sed' 命令的行為如下.

# head -c4 /dev/urandom | od -N4 -tu4 | sed -ne '1s/.* //p'

# ----------------------------------> |

# 假設一直處理到 "sed"命令時的輸出--> |

# 為  1198195154n

# sed 命令開始讀取字串:  1198195154n.

# 這里它發現一個換行符,

#+ 所以 sed 準備處理第一行 ( ).

# sed命令開始匹配它的 <range> 和 <action>. 第一個匹配的并且只有這一個匹配的:

# range action

#  s/.* //p

# 因為行號在range中, 所以 sed 開始執行 action:

#+ 替換掉以空格結束的最長的字符串, 在這行中這個字符串是

# ("0000000 ") ,用空字符串(//)將這個匹配到的字串替換掉, 如果成功, 那就打印出結果

# ("p" 在這里是 "s" 命令的標志, 這與單獨的 "p" 命令是不同的).

# sed 命令現在開始繼續讀取輸入. (注意在繼續之前,

#+ continuing, 如果沒使用 -n 選項的話, sed 命令將再次

#+ 將這行打印一遍).

# 現在, sed 命令讀取剩余的字符串, 并且找到文件的結尾.

# sed 命令開始處理第2行(這行也被標記為 '$'

# 因為這已經是最后一行).

# 所以這行沒被匹配到 <range> 中, 這樣sed命令就結束了.

# 這個 sed 命令的簡短的解釋是:

# "在第一行中刪除第一個空格左邊全部的字符,

#+ 然后打印出來."

# 一個更好的來達到這個目的的方法是:

# sed -e 's/.* //;q'

# 這里, <range> 和 <action> 分別是 (也可以寫成

# sed -e 's/.* //' -e q):

# range action

# nothing (matches line) s/.* //

# nothing (matches line) q (quit)

# 這里, sed 命令只會讀取第一行的輸入.

# 將會執行2個命令, 并且會在退出之前打印出(已經替換過的)這行(因為 "q" action),

#+ 因為沒使用 "-n" 選項.

# =================================================================== #

# 也可以使用如下一個更簡單的語句來代替:

# head -c4 /dev/urandom| od -An -tu4

exit