雙千兆和全千兆有什么區別？

You’ve no doubt heard the terms gigabytes, terabytes, or petabytes thrown around before, but what exactly do they mean in terms of real-world storage? Let’s take a closer look at storage sizes.

毫無疑問，您之前聽說過術語GB，TB或PB，但是對于實際存儲而言，它們到底是什么意思？ 讓我們仔細看看存儲大小。

Words like byte, megabyte, gigabyte, and petabyte all refer to amounts of digital storage. And they sometimes get confused with terms like megabit and gigabit. It’s useful to know exactly what these terms mean (and how they relate to one another) when comparing storage sizes on hard drives, tablets, and flash storage devices. It’s also useful when comparing data transfer rates if you’re shopping for internet service or networking gear.

字節，兆字節，千兆字節和PB等字眼都是指數字存儲量。 有時它們會與兆位和千兆位之類的術語混淆。 比較硬盤，平板電腦和閃存設備上的存儲大小時，準確了解這些術語的含義(以及它們之間的關系)很有用。 如果您要購買互聯網服務或網絡設備，則在比較數據傳輸速率時也很有用。

位，字節和千字節 (Bits, Bytes, and Kilobytes)

First, let’s take a look at the basics of digital storage with some of the lower level capacities.

首先，讓我們看一下一些低端容量的數字存儲基礎知識。

The smallest unit of storage is called a bit (b). It’s only capable of storing a single binary digit—either a 1 or 0. When we refer to a bit, especially as part of a larger word, we often use a lower-case “b” in its place. For example, a kilobit is one thousand bits, and a megabit is one thousand kilobits. When we shorten something like 45 megabits, we’d use 45 Mb.

最小的存儲單位稱為位(b)。 它只能存儲一個二進制數字，即1或0。當我們指的是位時，尤其是作為較大單詞的一部分時，我們通常在其位置使用小寫的“ b”。 例如，一千比特為一千比特，而一兆比特為一千千比特。 當我們縮短45兆位時，我們將使用45 Mb。

One step up from a bit is a byte (B). A byte is eight bits, and is about what you need to store a single character of text. We use a capital “B” as a shortened form of byte. For example, it takes around 10 B to store an average word.

從一個字節開始向上移一個字節(B)。 字節為八位，與存儲單個字符文本有關。 我們使用大寫字母“ B”作為字節的縮短形式。 例如，存儲一個平均單詞大約需要10B。

The next step up from a byte is a kilobyte (KB), which is equivalent to 1,024 bytes of data (or 8,192 bits). We shorten kilobytes to KB, so, for example, it takes around 10 KB to store a single page of plain text.

從一個字節開始的下一個步驟是千字節(KB)，它等于1,024字節的數據(或8,192位)。 我們將千字節縮短為KB，因此，例如，存儲一頁純文本大約需要10 KB。

And with those smaller measurements out of the way, we can now take a look at the terms you’re more likely to hear when shopping for your gadgets.

有了這些較小的尺寸，我們現在可以看看在購買小配件時您更可能聽到的術語。

兆字節(MB) (Megabytes (MB))

There are 1,024 KB in one megabyte (MB). Through around the late 90’s, regular consumer products like hard drives were measured in MBs. Here are few examples of how much you can store in the MB range:

一兆字節(MB)中有1,024 KB。 在整個90年代后期，諸如硬盤之類的常規消費產品都以MB為單位進行度量。 以下是在MB范圍內可以存儲多少存儲空間的一些示例：

• 1 MB = A 400 page book
  1 MB = 400頁的書
• 5 MB = A average 4 minute mp3 song
  5 MB =平均4分鐘的mp3歌曲
• 650 MB = 1 CD-ROM with 70 minutes of audio
  650 MB = 1個CD-ROM，帶有70分鐘的音頻

You’ll see the number 1,024 a lot in the next few sections. Typically, after the kilobyte stage, each successive storage measurement is 1,024 of whatever the next lower measurement is. 1,024 bytes is one kilobyte; 1,024 kilobytes is one megabyte; and so on.

在接下來的幾節中，您將大量看到1,024。 通常，在千字節級之后，每次連續的存儲度量是下一個較低度量的1024。 1,024字節是1千字節； 1,024千字節等于1兆字節； 等等。

千兆字節(GB) (Gigabytes (GB))

So, it should come as no surprise that there are 1,024 MB in one gigabyte (GB). GBs are still very common when referring to consumer levels of storage. Though most regular hard drives are measured in the terabytes these days, things like USB drives and many solid state drives are still measured in the gigabytes.

因此，一千兆字節(GB)中有1,024 MB并不奇怪。 當提到用戶的存儲級別時，GB仍然很常見。 盡管如今大多數常規硬盤的測量單位是TB，但USB驅動器和許多固態驅動器之類的東西仍以GB為單位。

A few real-world examples:

一些真實的例子：

• 1 GB = around 10 yards of books on a shelf
  1 GB =架子上約10碼的書本
• 4.7 GB = Capacity of one DVD-ROM disc
  4.7 GB =一張DVD-ROM光盤的容量
• 7 GB = How much data you’re using per hour when streaming Netflix Ultra HD video
  7 GB =傳輸Netflix Ultra HD視頻時每小時使用多少數據

太字節(TB) (Terabytes (TB))

There are 1,024 GB in one terabyte (TB). Right now, TB are the most common unit of measurement when talking about regular hard drive sizes.

一兆字節(TB)中有1,024 GB。 目前，在談論常規硬盤大小時，TB是最常見的度量單位。

Some real-world examples:

一些實際示例：

• 1 TB = 200,000 5-minute songs; 310,000 pictures; or 500 hours worth of movies
  1 TB = 200,000首5分鐘歌曲； 310,000張圖片; 或價值500個小時的電影
• 10 TB = Amount of data produced by the Hubble Space Telescope per year
  10 TB =哈勃太空望遠鏡每年產生的數據量
• 24 TB = Amount of video data uploaded to YouTube per day in 2016
  24 TB = 2016年每天上傳到YouTube的視頻數據量

PB(PB) (Petabytes (PB))

There are 1,024 TB (or around one million GB) in one petabyte (PB). If trends continue, petabytes are likely to replace terabytes as the standard measurement for consumer-level storage sometime in the future.

1 PB(PB)中有1,024 TB(約一百萬GB)。 如果趨勢持續下去，在未來某個時候，PB級可能會取代TB級，成為消費者級存儲的標準度量標準。

Real-world examples:

實際示例：

• 1 PB = 500 billion pages of standard typed text (or 745 million floppy disks)
  1 PB = 5000億頁標準類型的文本(或7.45億張軟盤)
• 1.5 PB = 10 billion photos on Facebook
  1.5 PB = Facebook上有100億張照片
• 20 PB = The amount of data processed by Google daily in 2008
  20 PB = 2008年Google每天處理的數據量

EB(EB) (Exabytes (EB))

There are 1,024 PB in one exabytes (EB). Tech giants like Amazon, Google, and Facebook (who process unthinkable amounts of data) are typically the only ones worried about this kind of storage space right now. At the consumer level, some (but not all) file systems used by operating systems today have their theoretical limit somewhere in the exabytes

一艾字節(EB)中有1,024 PB。 諸如亞馬遜，谷歌和臉譜網(處理不可思議的數據量)之類的科技巨頭通常是目前唯一擔心這種存儲空間的公司。 在使用者級別，當今操作系統使用的某些(但不是全部) 文件系統的理論極限值在EB級

Real-world examples:

實際示例：

• 1 EB = 11 million 4K videos
  1 EB = 1100萬個4K視頻
• 5 EB = All the words ever spoken by humankind
  5 EB =人類曾經說過的所有話
• 15 EB = Total estimated data held by Google
  15 EB = Google持有的估計數據總數

This list could go on, of course. The next three capacities on the list (for those of you that are curious) are zettabyte, yottabyte, and brontobyte. But honestly, past exabytes, you start getting into astronomical storage capacities that just don’t have much real-world applicability right now.

當然，這個清單可以繼續下去。 列表中的下三個容量(對于好奇的您來說)是zettabyte，yottabyte和brontobyte。 但老實說，過去的EB容量使您開始擁有天文般的存儲能力，而現在這些存儲能力在現實世界中的適用性還不高。

_{Photo credit: sacura/Shutterstock}

_{照片來源： sacura / Shutterstock}

翻譯自: https://www.howtogeek.com/353116/how-big-are-gigabytes-terabytes-and-petabytes/

雙千兆和全千兆有什么區別？

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