使用工具类实现通用分页处理
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使用工具类实现通用分页处理
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使用工具類實(shí)現(xiàn)通用分頁處理
原文發(fā)表在JavaResearch.orghttp://www.misslog.com/blog/detail.asp?blog_id=6&content_id=3954? 目前比較廣泛使用的分頁方式是將查詢結(jié)果緩存在HttpSession或有狀態(tài)bean中,翻頁的時(shí)候從緩存中取出一頁數(shù)據(jù)顯示。這種方法有兩個(gè)主要的缺點(diǎn):一是用戶可能看到的是過期數(shù)據(jù);二是如果數(shù)據(jù)量非常大時(shí)第一次查詢遍歷結(jié)果集會耗費(fèi)很長時(shí)間,并且緩存的數(shù)據(jù)也會占用大量內(nèi)存,效率明顯下降。
其它常見的方法還有每次翻頁都查詢一次數(shù)據(jù)庫,從ResultSet中只取出一頁數(shù)據(jù)(使用rs.last();rs.getRow()獲得總計(jì)錄條數(shù),使用rs.absolute()定位到本頁起始記錄)。這種方式在某些數(shù)據(jù)庫(如oracle)的JDBC實(shí)現(xiàn)中差不多也是需要遍歷所有記錄,實(shí)驗(yàn)證明在記錄數(shù)很大時(shí)速度非常慢。
至于緩存結(jié)果集ResultSet的方法則完全是一種錯(cuò)誤的做法。因?yàn)镽esultSet在Statement或Connection關(guān)閉時(shí)也會被關(guān)閉,如果要使ResultSet有效勢必長時(shí)間占用數(shù)據(jù)庫連接。
因此比較好的分頁做法應(yīng)該是每次翻頁的時(shí)候只從數(shù)據(jù)庫里檢索頁面大小的塊區(qū)的數(shù)據(jù)。這樣雖然每次翻頁都需要查詢數(shù)據(jù)庫,但查詢出的記錄數(shù)很少,網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳輸數(shù)據(jù)量不大,如果使用連接池更可以略過最耗時(shí)的建立數(shù)據(jù)庫連接過程。而在數(shù)據(jù)庫端有各種成熟的優(yōu)化技術(shù)用于提高查詢速度,比在應(yīng)用服務(wù)器層做緩存有效多了。
在oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫中查詢結(jié)果的行號使用偽列ROWNUM表示(從1開始)。例如select * from employee where rownum<10 返回前10條記錄。但因?yàn)閞ownum是在查詢之后排序之前賦值的,所以查詢employee按birthday排序的第100到120條記錄應(yīng)該這么寫:
select * from (select my_table.*, rownum as my_rownum from (select name, birthday from employee order by birthday) my_table where rownum <120) where my_rownum>=100
mySQL可以使用LIMIT子句:
select name, birthday from employee order by birthday LIMIT 99,20
DB2有rownumber()函數(shù)用于獲取當(dāng)前行數(shù)。
SQL Server沒研究過,可以參考這篇文章:http://www.csdn.net/develop/article/18/18627.shtm
在Web程序中分頁會被頻繁使用,但分頁的實(shí)現(xiàn)細(xì)節(jié)卻是編程過程中比較麻煩的事情。大多分頁顯示的查詢操作都同時(shí)需要處理復(fù)雜的多重查詢條件,sql語句需要動態(tài)拼接組成,再加上分頁需要的記錄定位、總記錄條數(shù)查詢以及查詢結(jié)果的遍歷、封裝和顯示,程序會變得很復(fù)雜并且難以理解。因此需要一些工具類簡化分頁代碼,使程序員專注于業(yè)務(wù)邏輯部分。下面是我設(shè)計(jì)的兩個(gè)工具類:
PagedStatement 封裝了數(shù)據(jù)庫連接、總記錄數(shù)查詢、分頁查詢、結(jié)果數(shù)據(jù)封裝和關(guān)閉數(shù)據(jù)庫連接等操作,并使用了PreparedStatement支持動態(tài)設(shè)置參數(shù)。
RowSetPage 參考PetStore的page by page iterator模式, 設(shè)計(jì)RowSetPage用于封裝查詢結(jié)果(使用OracleCachedRowSet緩存查詢出的一頁數(shù)據(jù),關(guān)于使用CachedRowSet封裝數(shù)據(jù)庫查詢結(jié)果請參考JSP頁面查詢顯示常用模式)以及當(dāng)前頁碼、總記錄條數(shù)、當(dāng)前記錄數(shù)等信息, 并且可以生成簡單的HTML分頁代碼。
PagedStatement 查詢的結(jié)果封裝成RowsetPage。
下面是簡單的使用示例:
…public RowSetPage getEmployee(String gender, int pageNo) throws Exception{String sql=;PagedStatement pst =new PagedStatementOracleImpl(sql, pageNo, 5);pst.setString(1, gender);return pst.executeQuery();}…int pageNo;try{pageNo = Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter() );}catch(Exception ex){pageNo=1;}String gender = request.getParameter( );request.setAttribute(, myBean.getEmployee(gender, pageNo) );…<%@ page import = %>…<script language=>function doQuery(){form1.actionType.value=;form1.submit();}</script>…<form name=form1 method=get><input type=hidden name=actionType>性別:<input type=text name=gender size=1 value=gender><input type=button value= οnclick=> <%RowSetPage empPage = (RowSetPage)request.getAttribute();if (empPage == null ) empPage = RowSetPage.EMPTY_PAGE; %>…<table cellspacing= width=><tr> <td>ID</td> <td>代碼</td> <td>用戶名</td> <td>姓名</td> </tr> <%javax.sql.RowSet empRS = (javax.sql.RowSet) empPage.getRowSet();if (empRS!=null) while (empRS.next() ) { %><tr> <td><%= empRS.getString()%></td> <td><%= empRS.getString()%></td> <td><%= empRS.getString()%></td> <td><%= empRS.getString()%></td> </tr> <%} %><tr> <%%><td colspan=4><%= empPage .getHTML(, )%></td></tr></table></form>
效果如圖:
因?yàn)榉猪擄@示一般都會伴有查詢條件和查詢動作,頁面應(yīng)已經(jīng)有校驗(yàn)查詢條件和提交查詢的javascript方法(如上面的doQuery),所以RowSetPage.getHTML()生成的分頁代碼在用戶選擇新頁碼時(shí)直接回調(diào)前面的處理提交查詢的javascript方法。注意在顯示查詢結(jié)果的時(shí)候上次的查詢條件也需要保持,如<input type=text name=gender size=1 value="<%=request.getParameter("gender")%>">。同時(shí)由于頁碼的參數(shù)名可以指定,因此也支持在同一頁面中有多個(gè)分頁區(qū)。
另一種分頁代碼實(shí)現(xiàn)是生成每一頁的URL,將查詢參數(shù)和頁碼作為QueryString附在URL后面。這種方法的缺陷是在查詢條件比較復(fù)雜時(shí)難以處理,并且需要指定處理查詢動作的servlet,可能不適合某些定制的查詢操作。
如果對RowSetPage.getHTML()生成的默認(rèn)分頁代碼不滿意可以編寫自己的分頁處理代碼,RowSetPage提供了很多getter方法用于獲取相關(guān)信息(如當(dāng)前頁碼、總頁數(shù)、 總記錄數(shù)和當(dāng)前記錄數(shù)等)。
在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中可以將分頁查詢和顯示做成jsp taglib, 進(jìn)一步簡化JSP代碼,屏蔽Java Code。
附:分頁工具類的源代碼, 有注釋,應(yīng)該很容易理解。
1.Page.java
2.RowSetPage.java(RowSetPage繼承Page)
3.PagedStatement.java
4.PagedStatementOracleImpl.java(PagedStatementOracleImpl繼承PagedStatement)
您可以任意使用這些源代碼,但必須保留author evan_zhao@hotmail.com字樣
package page;import java.util.List; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Collection; import java.util.Collections;public class Page implements java.io.Serializable {public static final Page EMPTY_PAGE = new Page();public static final int DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE = 20;public static final int MAX_PAGE_SIZE = 9999;private int myPageSize = DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE;private int start;private int avaCount,totalSize;private Object data;private int currentPageno;private int totalPageCount;protected Page(){this.init(0,0,0,DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE,new Object());}protected void init(int start, int avaCount, int totalSize, int pageSize, Object data){this.avaCount =avaCount;this.myPageSize = pageSize;this.start = start;this.totalSize = totalSize;this.data=data;if (avaCount>totalSize) {}this.currentPageno = (start -1)/pageSize +1;this.totalPageCount = (totalSize + pageSize -1) / pageSize;if (totalSize==0 && avaCount==0){this.currentPageno = 1;this.totalPageCount = 1;}}public Object getData(){return this.data;}public int getPageSize(){return this.myPageSize;}public boolean hasNextPage() {return (this.getCurrentPageNo()<this.getTotalPageCount());}public boolean hasPreviousPage() {return (this.getCurrentPageNo()>1);}public int getStart(){return start;}public int getEnd(){int end = this.getStart() + this.getSize() -1;if (end<0) {end = 0;}return end;}public int getStartOfPreviousPage() {return Math.max(start-myPageSize, 1);}public int getStartOfNextPage() {return start + avaCount;}public static int getStartOfAnyPage(int pageNo){return getStartOfAnyPage(pageNo, DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE);}public static int getStartOfAnyPage(int pageNo, int pageSize){int startIndex = (pageNo-1) * pageSize + 1;if ( startIndex < 1) startIndex = 1;return startIndex;}public int getSize() {return avaCount;}public int getTotalSize() {return this.totalSize;}public int getCurrentPageNo(){return this.currentPageno;}public int getTotalPageCount(){return this.totalPageCount;}public String getHTML(String queryJSFunctionName, String pageNoParamName){if (getTotalPageCount()<1){return +pageNoParamName+;}if (queryJSFunctionName == null || queryJSFunctionName.trim().length()<1) {queryJSFunctionName = ;}if (pageNoParamName == null || pageNoParamName.trim().length()<1){pageNoParamName = ;}String gotoPage = +queryJSFunctionName;StringBuffer html = new StringBuffer();html.append().append().append(gotoPage).append().append( ).append( ).append(pageNoParamName).append().append( ).append(pageNoParamName).append().append( ).append(queryJSFunctionName).append().append( ).append( ).append( ).append(queryJSFunctionName).append().append( ).append(pageNoParamName).append().append( ).append( ).append( ).append( ).append( );html.append( ).append( ).append( );html.append( ).append( getTotalPageCount() ).append( ).append( ) .append(getStart()).append().append(getEnd()).append().append(this.getTotalSize()).append().append( ).append( );if (hasPreviousPage()){html.append( ).append(gotoPage).append() .append(getCurrentPageNo()-1) .append( );}html.append( ).append( ).append(pageNoParamName).append().append(gotoPage).append();String selected = ;for(int i=1;i<=getTotalPageCount();i++){if( i == getCurrentPageNo() )selected = ;else selected = ;html.append( ).append(i).append().append(selected).append().append(i).append();}if (getCurrentPageNo()>getTotalPageCount()){html.append( ).append(getCurrentPageNo()).append().append(getCurrentPageNo()).append();}html.append( );if (hasNextPage()){html.append( ).append(gotoPage).append().append((getCurrentPageNo()+1)) .append( );}html.append( );return html.toString();} }package page;import javax.sql.RowSet;public class RowSetPage extends Page {private javax.sql.RowSet rs;public static final RowSetPage EMPTY_PAGE = new RowSetPage();public RowSetPage(){this(null, 0,0);}public RowSetPage(RowSet crs, int start, int totalSize) {this(crs,start,totalSize,Page.DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE);}public RowSetPage(RowSet crs, int start, int totalSize, int pageSize) {try{int avaCount=0;if (crs!=null) {crs.beforeFirst();if (crs.next()){crs.last();avaCount = crs.getRow();}crs.beforeFirst();}rs = crs;super.init(start,avaCount,totalSize,pageSize,rs);}catch(java.sql.SQLException sqle){throw new RuntimeException(sqle.toString());}}public javax.sql.RowSet getRowSet(){return rs;}}package page;import foo.DBUtil;import java.math.BigDecimal; import java.util.List; import java.util.Iterator; import java.util.Collections;import java.sql.Connection; import java.sql.SQLException; import java.sql.ResultSet; import java.sql.Statement; import java.sql.PreparedStatement; import java.sql.Timestamp; import javax.sql.RowSet;public abstract class PagedStatement {public final static int MAX_PAGE_SIZE = Page.MAX_PAGE_SIZE;protected String countSQL, querySQL;protected int pageNo,pageSize,startIndex,totalCount;protected javax.sql.RowSet rowSet;protected RowSetPage rowSetPage;private List boundParams;public PagedStatement(String sql){this(sql,1,MAX_PAGE_SIZE);}public PagedStatement(String sql, int pageNo){this(sql, pageNo, Page.DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE);}public PagedStatement(String sql, int pageNo, int pageSize){this.pageNo = pageNo;this.pageSize = pageSize;this.startIndex = Page.getStartOfAnyPage(pageNo, pageSize);this.boundParams = Collections.synchronizedList(new java.util.LinkedList());this.countSQL = + sql +;this.querySQL = intiQuerySQL(sql, this.startIndex, pageSize);}protected abstract String intiQuerySQL(String sql, int startIndex, int size);public void setObject(int index, Object obj) throws SQLException{BoundParam bp = new BoundParam(index, obj);boundParams.remove(bp);boundParams.add( bp);}public void setObject(int index, Object obj, int targetSqlType) throws SQLException{BoundParam bp = new BoundParam(index, obj, targetSqlType);boundParams.remove(bp);boundParams.add(bp );}public void setObject(int index, Object obj, int targetSqlType, int scale) throws SQLException{BoundParam bp = new BoundParam(index, obj, targetSqlType, scale) ;boundParams.remove(bp);boundParams.add(bp);}public void setString(int index, String str)throws SQLException{BoundParam bp = new BoundParam(index, str) ;boundParams.remove(bp);boundParams.add(bp);}public void setTimestamp(int index, Timestamp timestamp)throws SQLException{BoundParam bp = new BoundParam(index, timestamp) ;boundParams.remove(bp);boundParams.add( bp );}public void setInt(int index, int value)throws SQLException{BoundParam bp = new BoundParam(index, new Integer(value)) ;boundParams.remove(bp);boundParams.add( bp );}public void setLong(int index, long value)throws SQLException{BoundParam bp = new BoundParam(index, new Long(value)) ;boundParams.remove(bp);boundParams.add( bp );}public void setDouble(int index, double value)throws SQLException{BoundParam bp = new BoundParam(index, new Double(value)) ;boundParams.remove(bp);boundParams.add( bp);}public void setBigDecimal(int index, BigDecimal bd)throws SQLException{BoundParam bp = new BoundParam(index, bd ) ;boundParams.remove(bp);boundParams.add( bp);}private void setParams(PreparedStatement pst) throws SQLException{if (pst==null || this.boundParams==null || this.boundParams.size()==0 ) return ;BoundParam param;for (Iterator itr = this.boundParams.iterator();itr.hasNext();){param = (BoundParam) itr.next();if (param==null) continue;if (param.sqlType == java.sql.Types.OTHER){pst.setObject(param.index, param.value);}else{pst.setObject(param.index, param.value, param.sqlType, param.scale);}}}public RowSetPage executeQuery() throws SQLException{System.out.println();Connection conn = DBUtil.getConnection();PreparedStatement pst = null;ResultSet rs = null;try{pst = conn.prepareStatement(this.countSQL);setParams(pst);rs =pst.executeQuery();if (rs.next()){totalCount = rs.getInt(1);} else {totalCount = 0;}rs.close();pst.close();if (totalCount < 1 ) return RowSetPage.EMPTY_PAGE;pst = conn.prepareStatement(this.querySQL);System.out.println(querySQL);pst.setFetchSize(this.pageSize);setParams(pst);rs =pst.executeQuery();this.rowSet = populate(rs);rs.close();rs = null;pst.close();pst = null;this.rowSetPage = new RowSetPage(this.rowSet,startIndex,totalCount,pageSize);return this.rowSetPage;}catch(SQLException sqle){sqle.printStackTrace();throw sqle;}catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace();throw new RuntimeException(e.toString());}finally{DBUtil.close(rs, pst, conn);}}protected abstract RowSet populate(ResultSet rs) throws SQLException;public javax.sql.RowSet getRowSet(){return this.rowSet;}public RowSetPage getRowSetPage() {return this.rowSetPage;}public void close(){}private class BoundParam {int index;Object value;int sqlType;int scale;public BoundParam(int index, Object value) {this(index, value, java.sql.Types.OTHER);}public BoundParam(int index, Object value, int sqlType) {this(index, value, sqlType, 0);}public BoundParam(int index, Object value, int sqlType, int scale) {this.index = index;this.value = value;this.sqlType = sqlType;this.scale = scale;}public boolean equals(Object obj){if (obj!=null && this.getClass().isInstance(obj)){BoundParam bp = (BoundParam)obj;if (this.index==bp.index) return true;}return false;}}}package page; import java.sql.ResultSet; import java.sql.SQLException; import javax.sql.RowSet; import oracle.jdbc.rowset.OracleCachedRowSet;public class PagedStatementOracleImpl extends PagedStatement {public PagedStatementOracleImpl(String sql){super(sql);}public PagedStatementOracleImpl(String sql, int pageNo){super(sql, pageNo);}public PagedStatementOracleImpl(String sql, int pageNo, int pageSize){super(sql, pageNo, pageSize);}protected String intiQuerySQL(String sql, int startIndex, int size){StringBuffer querySQL = new StringBuffer();if (size != super.MAX_PAGE_SIZE) {querySQL.append().append( sql).append().append(startIndex + size).append().append(startIndex);} else {querySQL.append().append(sql).append().append().append(startIndex);}return querySQL.toString();}protected RowSet populate(ResultSet rs) throws SQLException{OracleCachedRowSet ocrs = new OracleCachedRowSet();ocrs.populate(rs);return ocrs;}}
相關(guān)連接:
JSP頁面查詢顯示常用模式,介紹查詢結(jié)果集封裝的幾種常用模式。本程序使用了其中部分代碼
RowSet規(guī)范原來是JDBC(TM) 2.0 Optional Package的一部分,現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)并入JDBC3.0規(guī)范,并且將成為J2SE1.5的組成部分。
關(guān)于RowSet的實(shí)現(xiàn)各個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫的jdbc driver應(yīng)該都有提供,oracle實(shí)現(xiàn)可以到http://otn.oracle.com/software/tech/java/sqlj_jdbc/content.html下載(Additional RowSet support)
Sun也提供了RowSet的參考實(shí)現(xiàn),應(yīng)該可以支持大多數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)庫:http://java.sun.com/products/jdbc/download.html
PetStore 是Sun關(guān)于J2EE設(shè)計(jì)模式的一個(gè)示例程序。
evan ? 2003-11-27 1:37:49? | 回復(fù) 本文引用通告(trackback)URL:
引用:JSP分頁技術(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)
本文發(fā)表在該站點(diǎn) 發(fā)布在 Java研究者組織 2003-12-24 16:34:282004-11-18
mysql實(shí)現(xiàn): protected String intiQuerySQL(String sql, int startIndex, int size){??????? StringBuffer querySQL = new StringBuffer();
??????? querySQL.append("select * from (")
??????????????????? .append(? sql)
??????????????????? .append(") limit " + startIndex +", "+ size);
??????? return querySQL.toString();
??? } sql server實(shí)現(xiàn): "select top " +?size +" * from tablename where id not in (select top " + (startIndex -1) + " id from tablename order by id desc) order by id desc" 不怎么好處理
轉(zhuǎn)載于:https://www.cnblogs.com/sunsonbaby/archive/2005/01/31/99859.html
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