1、???從?http://sourceforge.net/projects/opencvlibrary/files/opencv-win/2.4.3/?下載最新的OpenCV2.4.6；

2、???將OpenCV-2.4.6.0.exe存放到D:\Soft\OpenCV2.4.6文件夾下，解壓到當前文件夾下，生成一個opencv文件夾；

3、???下載安裝CMake：http://www.cmake.org/cmake/resources/software.html；

4、???運行CMake(cmake-gui)，在Where is the source code中填入剛才步驟(2)解壓縮后的文檔路徑D:/Soft/OpenCV2.4.6/opencv，在Where tobuild the binaries中填入編譯時需要存放的路徑如D:/Soft/OpenCV2.4.6/vs2010，此vs2010文件夾需自己創(chuàng)建；

5、???點擊Configure，在彈出的對話框中選擇Visual Studio 10，其它默認，點擊Finish；

6、???找到BUILD_SHARED_LIBS選項，去掉勾選，為了減少編譯時間，也可去掉一些其它不必要的勾選，點擊Generate；

7、???上述步驟完成后，在vs2010文件夾中，就會看到有OpenCV.sln文件；

8、???使用vs2010打開OpenCV.sln文件，分別在Debug和Release下，選擇Solution Explorer里的Solution OpenCV，點擊右鍵，運行”Rebuild Solution”，點擊CMake Targets下的INSTALL，運行”build”；會在D:/Soft/OpenCV2.4.6/vs2010/install文件夾下的lib文件夾中生成相應(yīng)的靜態(tài)庫；

9、???打開vs2010，新建一個控制臺應(yīng)用程序TestOpenCV，選中工程-->Properties：(1)、VC++ Directories-->Include Directories：分別在Debug和Release模式下加入， D:/Soft/OpenCV2.4.6/vs2010/install/includeD:/Soft/OpenCV2.4.6/vs2010/install/include/opencv D:/Soft/OpenCV2.4.6/vs2010/install/include/opencv2 ?(2)、C/C++-->CodeGeneration-->Runtime Library：在Debug下，將其改為Multi-threaded Debug(/MTD)，在Release下，將其改為Multi-threaded(/MT)。

stdafx.h文件代碼為：

#pragma once#include "targetver.h"#include <stdio.h>
#include <tchar.h>#include "D:\\Soft\\OpenCV2.4.6\\vs2010\\install\\include\\opencv2\\core\\core.hpp"
#include "D:\\Soft\\OpenCV2.4.6\\vs2010\\install\\include\\opencv2\\highgui\\highgui.hpp"
#include "D:\\Soft\\OpenCV2.4.6\\vs2010\\install\\include\\opencv2\\imgproc\\imgproc.hpp"using namespace cv;

stdafx.cpp文件代碼為：

#include "stdafx.h"#ifdef _DEBUG
#pragma comment(lib, "D:\\Soft\\OpenCV2.4.6\\vs2010\\install\\share\\OpenCV\\3rdparty\\lib\\zlibd.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "D:\\Soft\\OpenCV2.4.6\\vs2010\\install\\share\\OpenCV\\3rdparty\\lib\\libtiffd.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "D:\\Soft\\OpenCV2.4.6\\vs2010\\install\\share\\OpenCV\\3rdparty\\lib\\libpngd.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "D:\\Soft\\OpenCV2.4.6\\vs2010\\install\\share\\OpenCV\\3rdparty\\lib\\libjpegd.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "D:\\Soft\\OpenCV2.4.6\\vs2010\\install\\share\\OpenCV\\3rdparty\\lib\\libjasperd.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "D:\\Soft\\OpenCV2.4.6\\vs2010\\install\\share\\OpenCV\\3rdparty\\lib\\IlmImfd.lib")#pragma comment(lib, "D:\\Soft\\OpenCV2.4.6\\vs2010\\install\\lib\\opencv_core246d.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "D:\\Soft\\OpenCV2.4.6\\vs2010\\install\\lib\\opencv_highgui246d.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "D:\\Soft\\OpenCV2.4.6\\vs2010\\install\\lib\\opencv_imgproc246d.lib")#pragma comment(lib, "comctl32.lib")
#else
#pragma comment(lib, "D:\\Soft\\OpenCV2.4.6\\vs2010\\install\\share\\OpenCV\\3rdparty\\lib\\zlib.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "D:\\Soft\\OpenCV2.4.6\\vs2010\\install\\share\\OpenCV\\3rdparty\\lib\\libtiff.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "D:\\Soft\\OpenCV2.4.6\\vs2010\\install\\share\\OpenCV\\3rdparty\\lib\\libpng.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "D:\\Soft\\OpenCV2.4.6\\vs2010\\install\\share\\OpenCV\\3rdparty\\lib\\libjpeg.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "D:\\Soft\\OpenCV2.4.6\\vs2010\\install\\share\\OpenCV\\3rdparty\\lib\\libjasper.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "D:\\Soft\\OpenCV2.4.6\\vs2010\\install\\share\\OpenCV\\3rdparty\\lib\\IlmImf.lib")#pragma comment(lib, "D:\\Soft\\OpenCV2.4.6\\vs2010\\install\\lib\\opencv_core246.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "D:\\Soft\\OpenCV2.4.6\\vs2010\\install\\lib\\opencv_highgui246.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "D:\\Soft\\OpenCV2.4.6\\vs2010\\install\\lib\\opencv_imgproc246.lib")#pragma comment(lib, "comctl32.lib")
#endif

TestOpenCV.cpp文件代碼為：

#include "stdafx.h"int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{Mat image1, image2, imageResult;image1 = cv::imread("1.jpg", 2 | 4);image2 = cv::imread("2.jpg", 2 | 4);cv::subtract(image1, image2, imageResult);cv::namedWindow("show image");cv::imshow("show image", imageResult);cv::waitKey(0);cv::destroyWindow("show image");return 0;
}