【OpenGL】用OpenGL shader实现将YUV(YUV420,YV12)转RGB-(直接调用GPU实现,纯硬件方式,效率高)...
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【OpenGL】用OpenGL shader实现将YUV(YUV420,YV12)转RGB-(直接调用GPU实现,纯硬件方式,效率高)...
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這段時間一直在搞視頻格式的轉換問題,終于最近將一個圖片的YUV格式轉RGB格式轉換成功了。下面就來介紹一下:
由于我的工程是在vs2008中的,其中包含一些相關頭文件和庫,所以下面只是列出部分核心代碼,并不是全部代碼。
1、下載一個包含YUV數據的文件也可以自己制作一個該文件
下載地址:YUV數據文件2、讀入YUV數據文件中的yuv數據:
關鍵代碼如下:2.1讀文件代碼
unsigned char * readYUV(char *path) {FILE *fp;unsigned char * buffer;long size = 1280 * 720 * 3 / 2;if((fp=fopen(path,"rb"))==NULL){printf("cant open the file");exit(0);}buffer = new unsigned char[size];memset(buffer,'\0',size);fread(buffer,size,1,fp);fclose(fp);return buffer; }2.2讀入數據,并將YUV數據分別制作成3個紋理
GLuint texYId; GLuint texUId; GLuint texVId;void loadYUV(){int width ;int height ;width = 640;height = 480;unsigned char *buffer = NULL;buffer = readYUV("1.yuv");glGenTextures ( 1, &texYId );glBindTexture ( GL_TEXTURE_2D, texYId );glTexImage2D ( GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_LUMINANCE, width, height, 0, GL_LUMINANCE, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, buffer );glTexParameteri ( GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR );glTexParameteri ( GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR );glTexParameteri ( GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE );glTexParameteri ( GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE );glGenTextures ( 1, &texUId );glBindTexture ( GL_TEXTURE_2D, texUId );glTexImage2D ( GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_LUMINANCE, width / 2, height / 2, 0, GL_LUMINANCE, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, buffer + width * height);glTexParameteri ( GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR );glTexParameteri ( GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR );glTexParameteri ( GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE );glTexParameteri ( GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE );glGenTextures ( 1, &texVId );glBindTexture ( GL_TEXTURE_2D, texVId );glTexImage2D ( GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_LUMINANCE, width / 2, height / 2, 0, GL_LUMINANCE, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, buffer + width * height * 5 / 4 );glTexParameteri ( GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR );glTexParameteri ( GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR );glTexParameteri ( GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE );glTexParameteri ( GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE );}上述代碼中1.yuv就是YUV數據文件
3、將紋理傳入
上述片段shader中就是根據yuv轉rgb的公式得來的。也就是說是在shader中實現轉換的。 3.1 頂點shader和片段shader代碼GLbyte vShaderStr[] = "attribute vec4 vPosition; \n""attribute vec2 a_texCoord; \n""varying vec2 tc; \n""void main() \n""{ \n"" gl_Position = vPosition; \n"" tc = a_texCoord; \n""} \n";GLbyte fShaderStr[] = "precision mediump float; \n""uniform sampler2D tex_y; \n""uniform sampler2D tex_u; \n""uniform sampler2D tex_v; \n""varying vec2 tc; \n""void main() \n""{ \n"" vec4 c = vec4((texture2D(tex_y, tc).r - 16./255.) * 1.164);\n"" vec4 U = vec4(texture2D(tex_u, tc).r - 128./255.);\n"" vec4 V = vec4(texture2D(tex_v, tc).r - 128./255.);\n"" c += V * vec4(1.596, -0.813, 0, 0);\n"" c += U * vec4(0, -0.392, 2.017, 0);\n"" c.a = 1.0;\n"" gl_FragColor = c;\n""} \n"; 上述片段shader中就是根據yuv轉rgb的公式得來的。也就是說是在shader中實現轉換的。
4、顯示結果
結果如下:注意:該shader是OpenGL格式的shader有一點差別。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
YV12格式與YUV格式只是在UV的存儲位置上不同,需要注意一下
YV12,I420,YUV420P的區別
YV12和I420的區別 一般來說,直接采集到的視頻數據是RGB24的格式,RGB24一幀的大小size=width×heigth×3 Byte,RGB32的size=width×heigth×4,如果是I420(即YUV標準格式4:2:0)的數據量是 size=width×heigth×1.5 Byte。在采集到RGB24數據后,需要對這個格式的數據進行第一次壓縮。即將圖像的顏色空間由RGB2YUV。因為,X264在進行編碼的時候需要標準的YUV(4:2:0)。但是這里需要注意的是,雖然YV12也是(4:2:0),但是YV12和I420的卻是不同的,在存儲空間上面有些區別。如下:
YV12 : 亮度(行×列) + V(行×列/4) + U(行×列/4)
I420 : 亮度(行×列) + U(行×列/4) + V(行×列/4)
可以看出,YV12和I420基本上是一樣的,就是UV的順序不同。
繼續我們的話題,經過第一次數據壓縮后RGB24->YUV(I420)。這樣,數據量將減少一半,為什么呢?呵呵,這個就太基礎了,我就不多寫了。同樣,如果是RGB24->YUV(YV12),也是減少一半。但是,雖然都是一半,如果是YV12的話效果就有很大損失。然后,經過X264編碼后,數據量將大大減少。將編碼后的數據打包,通過RTP實時傳送。到達目的地后,將數據取出,進行解碼。完成解碼后,數據仍然是YUV格式的,所以,還需要一次轉換,這樣windows的驅動才可以處理,就是YUV2RGB24。
補充============= 詳細的格式之間的差異可以參考: FFMPEG 實現 YUV,RGB各種圖像原始數據之間的轉換(swscale) 附一個YUV播放器的源代碼:http://download.csdn.net/detail/leixiaohua1020/6374065 查看YUV的時候也可以下載使用成熟的YUV播放器 ——YUV Player Deluxe:http://www.yuvplayer.com/ ?
yuv420p就是I420格式,使用極其廣泛,它的示意圖:
【圖像-視頻處理】YUV420、YV12與RGB24的轉換公式
以上是yv12到RGB24的轉換算法,如果是yuv420到RGB24轉換,秩序u,v反過來就可以了。
即:
[cpp] view plaincopy print?2016-9-22 19:53
張朋藝 pyZhangBIT2010@126.com
?
找到的英文參考資料:
yv12 to rgb using glsl in iOS ,result image attached
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11093061/yv12-to-rgb-using-glsl-in-ios-result-image-attached
following is my code for uploading the three planar data to textures:- (GLuint) textureY: (Byte*)imageData widthType: (int) width heightType: (int) height { GLuint texName; glGenTextures( 1, &texName ); glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texName);glTexParameteri( GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR ); glTexParameteri( GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR ); glTexParameteri( GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE); glTexParameteri( GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE); glTexImage2D( GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_LUMINANCE, width, height, 0, GL_LUMINANCE, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, imageData ); //free(imageData);return texName; } - (GLuint) textureU: (Byte*)imageData widthType: (int) width heightType: (int) height { GLuint texName; glGenTextures( 1, &texName ); glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texName);glTexParameteri( GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR ); glTexParameteri( GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR ); glTexParameteri( GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE); glTexParameteri( GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE); glTexImage2D( GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_LUMINANCE, width, height, 0, GL_LUMINANCE, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, imageData ); //free(imageData);return texName; } - (GLuint) textureV: (Byte*)imageData widthType: (int) width heightType: (int) height { GLuint texName; glGenTextures( 1, &texName ); glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texName);glTexParameteri( GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR ); glTexParameteri( GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR ); glTexParameteri( GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE); glTexParameteri( GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE); glTexImage2D( GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_LUMINANCE, width, height, 0, GL_LUMINANCE, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, imageData ); //free(imageData);return texName; } - (void) readYUVFile { NSString *file = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"video" ofType:@"yv12"];NSLog(@"%@",file);NSData* fileData = [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:file]; //NSLog(@"%@",[fileData description]);NSInteger width = 352; NSInteger height = 288;NSInteger uv_width = width / 2; NSInteger uv_height = height / 2;NSInteger dataSize = [fileData length];NSLog(@"%i\n",dataSize);GLint nYsize = width * height; GLint nUVsize = uv_width * uv_height; GLint nCbOffSet = nYsize; GLint nCrOffSet = nCbOffSet + nUVsize; Byte *spriteData = (Byte *)malloc(dataSize);[fileData getBytes:spriteData length:dataSize];Byte* uData = spriteData + nCbOffSet;//NSLog(@"%@\n",[[NSData dataWithBytes:uData length:nUVsize] description]);Byte* vData = spriteData + nCrOffSet; //NSLog(@"%@\n",[[NSData dataWithBytes:vData length:nUVsize] description]);/**Byte *YPlanarData = (Byte *)malloc(nYsize);for (int i=0; i<nYsize; i++) {YPlanarData[i]= spriteData[i];} Byte *UPlanarData = (Byte *)malloc(nYsize);for (int i=0; i<height; i++) {for (int j=0; j<width; j++) {int numInUVsize = (i/2)*uv_width+j/2;UPlanarData[i*width+j]=uData[numInUVsize];}}Byte *VPlanarData = (Byte *)malloc(nYsize);for (int i=0; i<height; i++) {for (int j=0; j<width; j++) {int numInUVsize = (i/2)*uv_width+j/2;VPlanarData[i*width+j]=vData[numInUVsize];}}**/_textureUniformY = glGetUniformLocation(programHandle, "SamplerY");
_textureUniformU = glGetUniformLocation(programHandle, "SamplerU");
_textureUniformV = glGetUniformLocation(programHandle, "SamplerV"); free(spriteData);}
and my fragment shaders code:
precision highp float; uniform sampler2D SamplerY; uniform sampler2D SamplerU; uniform sampler2D SamplerV;varying highp vec2 coordinate;void main() {highp vec3 yuv,yuv1;highp vec3 rgb;yuv.x = texture2D(SamplerY, coordinate).r;yuv.y = texture2D(SamplerU, coordinate).r-0.5;yuv.z = texture2D(SamplerV, coordinate).r-0.5 ;rgb = mat3( 1, 1, 1,0, -.34414, 1.772,1.402, -.71414, 0) * yuv;gl_FragColor = vec4(rgb, 1); } ??
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