SQLite3-各个函数
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SQLite3-各个函数
小編覺得挺不錯的,現在分享給大家,幫大家做個參考.
首先,添加framework:libsqlite3.0.dylib需要在對應文件的頭文件中加入:#import "/usr/include/sqlite3.h"
并在Frameworks中加入所需的庫,否則會報錯:Undefined symbols: "_sqlite3_open", referenced from:
加入庫的方法是:image
選擇sqlite庫:image
選擇完的效果:image
下面是代碼://sqlite [self openDataBase]; //[self createTable]; //[self insertTable]; [self queryTable]; [self deleteTable]; [self queryTable];
實現://open database
- (void)openDataBase
{ NSArray *documentsPaths=NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory , NSUserDomainMask , YES); NSString *databaseFilePath=[[documentsPaths objectAtIndex:0] stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"db.sql"]; if (sqlite3_open([databaseFilePath UTF8String], &database)==SQLITE_OK) { NSLog(@"open sqlite db ok."); } else { NSLog( @"can not open sqlite db " ); //close database sqlite3_close(database); }
} //create table
- (void)createTable
{ char *errorMsg; const char *createSql="create table if not exists persons (id integer primary key autoincrement,name text)"; if (sqlite3_exec(database, createSql, NULL, NULL, &errorMsg)==SQLITE_OK) { NSLog(@"create ok."); } else { NSLog( @"can not create table" ); [self ErrorReport:(NSString *)createSql]; }
} //insert table
- (void)insertTable
{ char *errorMsg; const char *insertSql="insert into persons (name) values ('田周輝')"; if (sqlite3_exec(database, insertSql, NULL, NULL, &errorMsg)==SQLITE_OK) { NSLog(@"insert ok."); } else { NSLog( @"can not insert it to table" ); [self ErrorReport: (NSString *)insertSql]; }
} //error
- (void)ErrorReport: (NSString *)item
{ char *errorMsg; if (sqlite3_exec(database, (const char *)item, NULL, NULL, &errorMsg)==SQLITE_OK) { NSLog(@"%@ ok.",item); } else { NSLog(@"error: %s",errorMsg); sqlite3_free(errorMsg); }
} //query table
- (void)queryTable
{ const char *selectSql="select id,name from persons"; sqlite3_stmt *statement; if (sqlite3_prepare_v2(database, selectSql, -1, &statement, nil)==SQLITE_OK) { NSLog(@"select ok."); while (sqlite3_step(statement)==SQLITE_ROW)//SQLITE_OK SQLITE_ROW { int _id=sqlite3_column_int(statement, 0); NSString *name=[[NSString alloc] initWithCString:(char *)sqlite3_column_text(statement, 1) encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]; NSLog(@"row>>id %i, name>> %@",_id,name); } } else { //error [self ErrorReport: (NSString *)selectSql]; } sqlite3_finalize(statement);
} //delete table
- (void)deleteTable
{ char *errorMsg; [self openDataBase]; const char *sql = "DELETE FROM persons where id=24"; if (sqlite3_exec(database, sql, NULL, NULL, &errorMsg)==SQLITE_OK) { NSLog(@"delete ok."); } else { NSLog( @"can not delete it" ); [self ErrorReport: (NSString *)sql]; } }
命令行:sqlite3 database //創建數據庫 crate table tableFile(id smallint, file_name varchar(256), up_state smallint, file_size smallint); //創建一個表格 insert into tableFile values(1, "200110101.rcu", 100, 4500); //插入數據
5 如何訪問SQLite3數據庫
sqlite3_open //打開數據庫
sqlite3_prepare //將UTF-8格式的SQL語句轉換為指向已備語句的指針
sqlite3_column_string //返回某一行的字符串
sqlite3_finalize //刪除一條已備語句
sqlite3_close //關閉數據庫 6 source code - (id)lookupSingularSQL:(NSString *)sql forType:(NSString *)rettype { sqlite3_stmt *statement; id result; if (statement = [self prepare:sql]) { if (sqlite3_step(statement) == SQLITE_ROW) { if ([rettype compare:@"text"] == NSOrderedSame) { char temp_buf[256]; memset(temp_buf, 0, 256); sprintf(temp_buf, "%s %s %s %s", (char *)sqlite3_column_text(statement,0), (char *)sqlite3_column_text(statement,1), (char *)sqlite3_column_text(statement,2), (char *)sqlite3_column_text(statement,3) ); result = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:temp_buf]; //result = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:(char *)sqlite3_column_text(statement,0)]; } else if ([rettype compare:@"integer"] == NSOrderedSame) { result = (id)sqlite3_column_int(statement,0); } } } sqlite3_finalize(statement); return result; }
應該有個成員變量,比如我的代碼:@interface DetailViewController : UIViewController {
UIPopoverController *popoverController;
UIToolbar *toolbar;
id detailItem;
UILabel *detailDescriptionLabel;
sqlite3 *database;
打開數據庫SQLite數據庫是文件數據庫,是保存在文件系統中的。因此需要知道文件保存到哪里,可參見iOS中對文件的操作。比如本文保存到Documents目錄下。代碼:NSArray *documentsPaths=NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory
, NSUserDomainMask
, YES);
NSString *databaseFilePath=[[documentsPaths objectAtIndex:0] stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"mydb"];
if (sqlite3_open([databaseFilePath UTF8String], &database)==SQLITE_OK) {
NSLog(@"open sqlite db ok.");
}
通過ssh查看Documents目錄,發現mydb文件已經創建。sqlite的策略是如果有該文件就打開,如果沒有就創建文件,也就是創建數據庫。這里要注意,使用的是C語法,sqlite3_open傳入的是database的地址。關閉數據庫數據庫使用完畢后,要關閉,比如退出應用的時候:- (void)viewDidUnload {
// Release any retained subviews of the main view.
// e.g. self.myOutlet = nil;
sqlite3_close(database);
self.popoverController = nil;
}
建表語句數據庫打開以后,如果沒有表,建表:char *errorMsg;
const char *createSql="create table if not exists persons (id integer primary key autoincrement,name text)";
if (sqlite3_exec(database, createSql, NULL, NULL, &errorMsg)==SQLITE_OK) {
NSLog(@"create ok.");
}
這里要特別注意errorMsg傳的是地址,因為該函數要通過地址引用來寫報錯字符信息。向表中插入記錄和建表語句類似:const char *insertSql="insert into persons (name) values(‘張三’)";
if (sqlite3_exec(database, insertSql, NULL, NULL, &errorMsg)==SQLITE_OK) {
NSLog(@"insert ok.");
}
錯誤信息的處理如果在多個地方使用errorMsg,那么每次使用完畢要清空一下字串,比如這樣:if (sqlite3_exec(database, createSql, NULL, NULL, &errorMsg)==SQLITE_OK) {
NSLog(@"create ok.");
}else {
NSLog(@"error: %s",errorMsg);
sqlite3_free(errorMsg);
}
查詢結果集結果集的查詢,需要用到statement:const char *selectSql="select id,name from persons";
sqlite3_stmt *statement;
if (sqlite3_prepare_v2(database, selectSql, -1, &statement, nil)==SQLITE_OK) {
NSLog(@"select ok.");
}
while (sqlite3_step(statement)==SQLITE_ROW) {
int _id=sqlite3_column_int(statement, 0);
char *name=(char *)sqlite3_column_text(statement, 1);
NSLog(@"row>>id %i, name %s",_id,name);
}
sqlite3_finalize(statement);
不過這里有個問題,看看打印的日志:image
亂碼。因為直接用的char類型來做的。解決辦法是,用nsstring替代char:while (sqlite3_step(statement)==SQLITE_ROW) {
int _id=sqlite3_column_int(statement, 0);
NSString *name=[[NSString alloc] initWithCString:(char *)sqlite3_column_text(statement, 1) encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
NSLog(@"row>>id %i, name %@",_id,name);
}
char生成nsstring的時候做一次顯式的編碼。問題解決:image
這說明:寫入數據庫,用char的方式沒有問題,寫入數據庫的編碼是對的;從庫中取出,可能默認使用ascii解碼,造成顯示亂碼。使用sqlite c api,要經常參考官方函數文檔:http://www.sqlite.org/c3ref/funclist.html
轉載于:https://www.cnblogs.com/deng37s/p/4599922.html
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