ORACLE 10G DATAGUARD实战步骤（转载）
ORACLE 10G DATAGUARD實戰步驟
具體步驟如下：
一、主庫操作
1、修改主庫屬性：
alter?system?force?logging;
##查看狀態
select?FORCE_LOGGING?from?v$database;
2、修改數據庫為歸檔模式：
archive?log?list;
shutdown?immediate;
startup?mount;
alter?database?archivelog;(alter?database?noarchivelog;關掉歸檔模式)
archive?log?list;
3、添加standby?logfile(也可以不加)
?為主數據庫添加"備用聯機日志文件"，這里要保證備日志文件與主庫聯機日志文件相同大小。
????添加備用日志文件是規則：
????????備用日志最少應該比redo?log?多一個。推薦的備重做日志數依賴于主數據庫上的線程數。
????????(每線程日志文件最大數目?+?1?)?*?線程數
????alter?database?add?standby?logfile
????????group?4?('/oracle2/app/oracle/oradata/std_redo04a.log','/oracle2/app/oracle/oradata/std_redo04b.log')?size?50m,
????????group?5?('/oracle2/app/oracle/oradata/std_redo05a.log','/oracle2/app/oracle/oradata/std_redo05b.log')?size?50m,
????????group?6?('/oracle2/app/oracle/oradata/std_redo06a.log','/oracle2/app/oracle/oradata/std_redo06b.log')?size?50m,
????????group?7?('/oracle2/app/oracle/oradata/std_redo07a.log','/oracle2/app/oracle/oradata/std_redo08b.dbf')?size?50m;
否則備庫在應用時報如下信息：
RFS[1]:?No?standby?redo?logfiles?created
RFS[1]:?Archived?Log:?'/oracle2/arch/1_30_633287861.dbf'
在主庫添加完standby?logfile后，當主庫切換后備庫后會自動使用備庫的redo?logfile，具體應用信息如下：
RFS[1]:?Successfully?opened?standby?log?4:?'/oracle2/app/oracle/oradata/10g/redo04.log'
RFS[1]:?Successfully?opened?standby?log?4:?'/oracle2/app/oracle/oradata/10g/redo04.log'
4、修改主庫參數文件：
10g.__db_cache_size=1207959552
10g.__java_pool_size=16777216
10g.__large_pool_size=16777216
10g.__shared_pool_size=352321536
10g.__streams_pool_size=0
*.audit_file_dest='/oracle2/app/oracle/admin/10g/adump'
*.background_dump_dest='/oracle2/app/oracle/admin/10g/bdump'
*.compatible='10.2.0.3.0'
*.control_files='/oracle2/app/oracle/oradata/10g/control01.ctl','/oracle2/app/oracle/oradata/10g/control02.ctl','/oracle2/app/oracle/oradata/10g/control03.ctl'
*.core_dump_dest='/oracle2/app/oracle/admin/10g/cdump'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16
*.db_name='10g'
*.DB_UNIQUE_NAME='10gpri' [color=Red]###必須?定義每個數據庫的唯一標識[/color]
*.log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(10gpri,10gstandby)' [color=Red]###必須[/color]
*.log_archive_dest_1='location=/oracle2/arch/?VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES)'?DB_UNIQUE_NAME='10gpri'? [color=Red]###必須??本地的歸檔路徑[/color]
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='SERVICE=10gstandby?arch?ASYNC?VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE)?DB_UNIQUE_NAME=10gstandby' [color=Red]###必須(遠程服務器端的歸檔日志)[/color]
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE
*.FAL_SERVER=10gpri???????[color=Red]?###?定義FAL服務器的Oracle?Net服務的名稱[/color]*.FAL_CLIENT=10gstandby????[color=Red]###?定義備數據庫的Oracle?Net服務名?????（這兩個參數在主庫可有可無，但備庫必須有。ORACLE?老外工程師說這個必須有^_^）???[/color]
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/oracle2/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=2147483648
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP)?(SERVICE=10gXDB)'
*.job_queue_processes=10
*.open_cursors=300
*.pga_aggregate_target=1707081728
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.sga_target=1610612736
*.undo_management='AUTO'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
*.user_dump_dest='/oracle2/app/oracle/admin/10g/udump'
*.STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO?????[color=Red]???###設置為AUTO,使得當數據文件添加到主數據庫或者從主數據庫刪除的時候,對應的修改能夠在備用數據庫中自動執行.[/color]
5、用pfile啟動，再重新創建spfile.
shutdown?immediate;
startup?pfile='./pfile.pra';
create?spfile?from?pfile='./pfile.ora';
shutdown?immediate;
startup;
6、在主庫創建密碼文件、以及控制文件。
orapwd?file=orapw10gstandby.ora?password=change_on_install?entries=10
alter?database?create?standby?database?controlfile?'/tmp/standby.ctl';
7、TNS信息如下：
主庫
10g=
??(DESCRIPTION?=
????(ADDRESS_LIST?=
??????(ADDRESS?=?(PROTOCOL?=?TCP)(HOST?=?192.169.1.204)(PORT?=?1921))
????)
????(CONNECT_DATA?=
??????(SID?=?10g)
????)
??)
??
10gpri=
??(DESCRIPTION?=
????(ADDRESS_LIST?=
??????(ADDRESS?=?(PROTOCOL?=?TCP)(HOST?=?192.169.1.224)(PORT?=?1921))
????)
????(CONNECT_DATA?=
??????(SID?=?10g)
????)
??)??
??
??
10gstandby?=
??(DESCRIPTION?=
????(ADDRESS_LIST?=
??????(ADDRESS?=?(PROTOCOL?=?TCP)(HOST?=?192.169.1.204)(PORT?=?1921))
????)
????(CONNECT_DATA?=
??????(SID?=?10g)
????)
??)???
8、對主庫進行全庫備份
run?{
allocate?channel?t1?type?disk;
allocate?channel?t2?type?disk;
backup?database?format?'/tmp/full_%s';
release?channel?t1;
release?channel?t2;
}
二、備庫操作如下：
1、依照主庫的數據文件位置，在備庫上創建相應的目錄結構（最好與主庫一致）；
mkdir?-p?/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/....
2、通過FTP把在主庫創建的密碼文件、standby?controlfile、full?backup?database文件到備庫主機上。
3、備份的參數文件內容：
10g.__db_cache_size=1207959552
10g.__java_pool_size=16777216
10g.__large_pool_size=16777216
10g.__shared_pool_size=352321536
10g.__streams_pool_size=0
*.audit_file_dest='/oracle2/app/oracle/admin/10g/adump'
*.background_dump_dest='/oracle2/app/oracle/admin/10g/bdump'
*.compatible='10.2.0.3.0'
*.control_files='/oracle2/app/oracle/oradata/10g/control01.ctl','/oracle2/app/oracle/oradata/10g/control02.ctl','/oracle2/app/oracle/oradata/10g/control03.ctl'
*.core_dump_dest='/oracle2/app/oracle/admin/10g/cdump'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16
*.db_name='10g'
[color=Lime]*.DB_UNIQUE_NAME='10gstandby' ##
*.log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(10gpri,10gstandby)' ##[/color]
[color=Lime]*.log_archive_dest_1='location=/oracle2/arch/?VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES)'?DB_UNIQUE_NAME='10gstandby'????##
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='SERVICE=10gpri?arch?ASYNC?VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE)?DB_UNIQUE_NAME=10gpri'??##[/color]
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE
[color=Lime]*.FAL_SERVER=10gstandby ##
*.FAL_CLIENT=10gpri ##[/color]*.db_recovery_file_dest='/oracle2/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=2147483648
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP)?(SERVICE=10gXDB)'
*.job_queue_processes=10
*.open_cursors=300
*.pga_aggregate_target=1707081728
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.sga_target=1610612736
*.undo_management='AUTO'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
*.user_dump_dest='/oracle2/app/oracle/admin/10g/udump'
*.STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO ##
4、分別對備庫進行全庫恢復，并啟動到standby?database?mount狀態下。
用PFILE文件起動到nomount狀態下，恢復控制文件;起動到mount狀態下，然后再恢復全庫。
5、TNS信息如下：
10g=
??(DESCRIPTION?=
????(ADDRESS_LIST?=
??????(ADDRESS?=?(PROTOCOL?=?TCP)(HOST?=?192.169.1.204)(PORT?=?1921))
????)
????(CONNECT_DATA?=
??????(SID?=?10g)
????)
??)
10gpri=
??(DESCRIPTION?=
????(ADDRESS_LIST?=
??????(ADDRESS?=?(PROTOCOL?=?TCP)(HOST?=?192.169.1.224)(PORT?=?1921))
????)
????(CONNECT_DATA?=
??????(SID?=?10g)
????)
??)??
??
??
10gstandby?=
??(DESCRIPTION?=
????(ADDRESS_LIST?=
??????(ADDRESS?=?(PROTOCOL?=?TCP)(HOST?=?192.169.1.204)(PORT?=?1921))
????)
????(CONNECT_DATA?=
??????(SID?=?10g)
????)
??)???
用TNSPING?對方是否通。
6、修改備庫處于應用歸檔狀態
alter?database?recover?managed?standby?database?disconnect?from?session;??
如果主庫從不過來歸檔，可以通過在主庫側手工修改參數如下：
ALTER?SYSTEM?SET?log_archive_dest_state_2='DEFER'?SCOPE=MEMORY;
ALTER?SYSTEM?SET?log_archive_dest_state_2='ENABLE'?SCOPE=MEMORY;
7、測試
通過在主庫執行alter?system?switch?logfile;切換日志可以觀察到備庫會自動應用通過主庫傳過來的日志。
三、切換測試
1、在主庫端
select?switchover_stats?from?v$database;
如果是to?standby??表可以正常切換.
直接執行?ALTER?DATABASE?COMMIT?TO?SWITCHOVER?TO?PHYSICAL?STANDBY;
否則執行:?ALTER?DATABASE?COMMIT?TO?SWITCHOVER?TO?PHYSICAL?STANDBY?WITH?SESSION?SHUTDOWN;
shutdown?immediate;
startup?nomount;
alter?database?mount?standby?database;
2、在備庫
在備庫
?SELECT?SWITCHOVER_STATUS?FROM?V$DATABASE;?
如果是to_primary??表可以正常切換.
執行:ALTER?DATABASE?COMMIT?TO?SWITCHOVER?TO?PRIMARY;
否則執行:?ALTER?DATABASE?COMMIT?TO?SWITCHOVER?TO?PRIMARY?WITH?SESSION?SHUTDOWN;
shutdown?immediate;
startup;
然后觀察主備庫日志,如果正常的話會看到備庫會自動應用日志.
?
轉載自：http://space.itpub.net/15843490/viewspace-584423
轉載于:https://www.cnblogs.com/wuhenke/archive/2010/10/25/1860838.html
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