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Hbase常用操作(增删改查)
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運行Eclipse，創建一個新的Java工程“HBaseClient”，右鍵項目根目錄，選擇 “Properties”->“Java Build Path”->“Library”->“Add External JARs”，將HBase解壓后根目錄下的hbase-0.94.1-security.jar、hbase-0.94.1-security-tests.jar和lib子目錄下所有jar 包添加到本工程的Classpath下。
HBase提供了java api來對HBase進行一系列的管理涉及到對表的管理、數據的操作等。常用的API操作有：
1、 對表的創建、刪除、顯示以及修改等，可以用HBaseAdmin，一旦創建了表，那么可以通過HTable的實例來訪問表，每次可以往表里增加數據。
2、 插入數據
創建一個Put對象，在這個Put對象里可以指定要給哪個列增加數據，以及當前的時間戳等值，然后通過調用HTable.put(Put)來提交操作，子猴在這里提請注意的是：在創建Put對象的時候，你必須指定一個行(Row)值，在構造Put對象的時候作為參數傳入。
3、 獲取數據
要獲取數據，使用Get對象，Get對象同Put對象一樣有好幾個構造函數，通常在構造的時候傳入行值，表示取第幾行的數據，通過HTable.get(Get)來調用。
4、 瀏覽每一行
通過Scan可以對表中的行進行瀏覽，得到每一行的信息，比如列名，時間戳等，Scan相當于一個游標，通過next()來瀏覽下一個，通過調用HTable.getScanner(Scan)來返回一個ResultScanner對象。HTable.get(Get)和HTable.getScanner(Scan)都是返回一個Result。Result是一個
KeyValue的鏈表。
5、 刪除
使用Delete來刪除記錄，通過調用HTable.delete(Delete)來執行刪除操作。（注：刪除這里有些特別，也就是刪除并不是馬上將數據從表中刪除。）
6、 鎖
新增、獲取、刪除在操作過程中會對所操作的行加一個鎖，而瀏覽卻不會。
7、 簇的訪問
客戶端代碼通過ZooKeeper來訪問找到簇，也就是說ZooKeeper quorum將被使用，那么相關的類（包）應該在客戶端的類（classes）目錄下，即客戶端一定要找到文件hbase-site.xml。?
???? 新建一個類：
[java] view plain
copy import?java.io.IOException;???????import?java.util.ArrayList;???????import?java.util.List;???????????????import?org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;???????import?org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;???????import?org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HColumnDescriptor;???????import?org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HTableDescriptor;???????import?org.apache.hadoop.hbase.KeyValue;???????import?org.apache.hadoop.hbase.MasterNotRunningException;???????import?org.apache.hadoop.hbase.ZooKeeperConnectionException;???????import?org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Delete;???????import?org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Get;???????import?org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HBaseAdmin;???????import?org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HTable;???????import?org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Result;???????import?org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ResultScanner;???????import?org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Scan;???????import?org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Put;???????import?org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes;???????????????public?class?HBaseTest?{????????????????????????private?static?Configuration?conf?=null;????????????????????static?{?????????????conf?=?HBaseConfiguration.create();?????????}?????????????????????????????public?static?void?creatTable(String?tableName,?String[]?familys)?throws?Exception?{???????????????HBaseAdmin?admin?=?new?HBaseAdmin(conf);???????????????if?(admin.tableExists(tableName))?{???????????????????System.out.println("table?already?exists!");???????????????}?else?{???????????????????HTableDescriptor?tableDesc?=?new?HTableDescriptor(tableName);???????????????????for(int?i=0;?i<familys.length;?i++){???????????????????????tableDesc.addFamily(new?HColumnDescriptor(familys[i]));???????????????????}???????????????????admin.createTable(tableDesc);???????????????????System.out.println("create?table?"?+?tableName?+?"?ok.");???????????????}????????????}??????????????????????????????????public?static?void?deleteTable(String?tableName)?throws?Exception?{??????????????try?{??????????????????HBaseAdmin?admin?=?new?HBaseAdmin(conf);??????????????????admin.disableTable(tableName);??????????????????admin.deleteTable(tableName);??????????????????System.out.println("delete?table?"?+?tableName?+?"?ok.");??????????????}?catch?(MasterNotRunningException?e)?{??????????????????e.printStackTrace();??????????????}?catch?(ZooKeeperConnectionException?e)?{??????????????????e.printStackTrace();??????????????}???????????}???????????????????????????????????public?static?void?addRecord?(String?tableName,?String?rowKey,?String?family,?String?qualifier,?String?value)???????????????????throws?Exception{???????????????try?{???????????????????HTable?table?=?new?HTable(conf,?tableName);???????????????????Put?put?=?new?Put(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey));???????????????????put.add(Bytes.toBytes(family),Bytes.toBytes(qualifier),Bytes.toBytes(value));???????????????????table.put(put);???????????????????System.out.println("insert?recored?"?+?rowKey?+?"?to?table?"?+?tableName?+"?ok.");???????????????}?catch?(IOException?e)?{???????????????????e.printStackTrace();???????????????}???????????}???????????????????????????????public?static?void?delRecord?(String?tableName,?String?rowKey)?throws?IOException{???????????????HTable?table?=?new?HTable(conf,?tableName);???????????????List?list?=?new?ArrayList();???????????????Delete?del?=?new?Delete(rowKey.getBytes());???????????????list.add(del);???????????????table.delete(list);???????????????System.out.println("del?recored?"?+?rowKey?+?"?ok.");???????????}???????????????????????????????????public?static?void?getOneRecord?(String?tableName,?String?rowKey)?throws?IOException{???????????????HTable?table?=?new?HTable(conf,?tableName);???????????????Get?get?=?new?Get(rowKey.getBytes());???????????????Result?rs?=?table.get(get);???????????????for(KeyValue?kv?:?rs.raw()){???????????????????System.out.print(new?String(kv.getRow())?+?"?"?);???????????????????System.out.print(new?String(kv.getFamily())?+?":"?);???????????????????System.out.print(new?String(kv.getQualifier())?+?"?"?);???????????????????System.out.print(kv.getTimestamp()?+?"?"?);???????????????????System.out.println(new?String(kv.getValue()));???????????????}???????????}???????????????????????????????????public?static?void?getAllRecord?(String?tableName)?{???????????????try{????????????????????HTable?table?=?new?HTable(conf,?tableName);????????????????????Scan?s?=?new?Scan();????????????????????ResultScanner?ss?=?table.getScanner(s);????????????????????for(Result?r:ss){????????????????????????for(KeyValue?kv?:?r.raw()){???????????????????????????System.out.print(new?String(kv.getRow())?+?"?");???????????????????????????System.out.print(new?String(kv.getFamily())?+?":");???????????????????????????System.out.print(new?String(kv.getQualifier())?+?"?");???????????????????????????System.out.print(kv.getTimestamp()?+?"?");???????????????????????????System.out.println(new?String(kv.getValue()));????????????????????????}????????????????????}???????????????}?catch?(IOException?e){???????????????????e.printStackTrace();???????????????}???????????}??????????????????????public?static?void??main?(String?[]?agrs)?{???????????????try?{???????????????????String?tablename?=?"scores";???????????????????String[]?familys?=?{"grade",?"course"};???????????????????HBaseTest.creatTable(tablename,?familys);?????????????????????????????????????????????????????HBaseTest.addRecord(tablename,"zkb","grade","","5");???????????????????HBaseTest.addRecord(tablename,"zkb","course","","90");???????????????????HBaseTest.addRecord(tablename,"zkb","course","math","97");???????????????????HBaseTest.addRecord(tablename,"zkb","course","art","87");?????????????????????????????????HBaseTest.addRecord(tablename,"baoniu","grade","","4");???????????????????HBaseTest.addRecord(tablename,"baoniu","course","math","89");???????????????????????????????????????System.out.println("===========get?one?record========");???????????????????HBaseTest.getOneRecord(tablename,?"zkb");???????????????????????????????????????System.out.println("===========show?all?record========");???????????????????HBaseTest.getAllRecord(tablename);???????????????????????????????????????System.out.println("===========del?one?record========");???????????????????HBaseTest.delRecord(tablename,?"baoniu");???????????????????HBaseTest.getAllRecord(tablename);???????????????????????????????????????System.out.println("===========show?all?record========");???????????????????HBaseTest.getAllRecord(tablename);???????????????}?catch?(Exception?e)?{???????????????????e.printStackTrace();???????????????}???????????}???????}??????
結果顯示為：
create table scores ok.
insert recored zkb to table scores ok.
insert recored zkb to table scores ok.
insert recored zkb to table scores ok.
insert recored zkb to table scores ok.
insert recored baoniu to table scores ok.
insert recored baoniu to table scores ok.
===========get one record========
zkb course: 1345450733304 90
zkb course:art 1345450733323 87
zkb course:math 1345450733316 97
zkb grade: 1345450733294 5
===========show all record========
baoniu course:math 1345450733333 89
baoniu grade: 1345450733328 4
zkb course: 1345450733304 90
zkb course:art 1345450733323 87
zkb course:math 1345450733316 97
zkb grade: 1345450733294 5
===========del one record========
del recored baoniu ok.
zkb course: 1345450733304 90
zkb course:art 1345450733323 87
zkb course:math 1345450733316 97
zkb grade: 1345450733294 5
===========show all record========
zkb course: 1345450733304 90
zkb course:art 1345450733323 87
zkb course:math 1345450733316 97
zkb grade: 1345450733294 5
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