優化Linux系統中的服務

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實驗要求

• 設置Linux系統每次開機后自動進入字符模式界面。

• 使用ntsysv工具同時調整2、3、4、5運行級別中的服務狀態，關閉下列服務： atd、bluetooth、cups、ip6tables、iptables、mdmonitor、nfslock、rhnsd、rpcgssd、 postfix。

• 使用chkconfig工具調整個別服務的啟動狀態。

• 將cups服務在運行級別3中的默認啟動狀態設為關閉。

• 將postfix服務在運行級別3、5中的默認啟動狀態設為啟用其余級別中設為關閉。

• 查看當前系統中內存占用情況，重啟并登錄到字符模式，再次查看內存占用情況。

• 使用init命令切換到圖形模式，再次確認運行級別并查看內存占用情況，比較優化 服務前后及在不同運行級別中的差異。

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設置Linux系統每次開機后自動進入字符模式界面。

通過vim /etc/inittab進入這個界面進行修改

使用ntsysv工具同時調整2、3、4、5運行級別中的服務狀態，關閉下列服務： atd、bluetooth、cups、ip6tables、iptables、mdmonitor、nfslock、rhnsd、rpcgssd、postfix。

查看改變之前的狀態：

[root@test2?jason]#?chkconfig?--list NetworkManager?0:off1:off2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off abrt-ccpp??0:off1:off2:off3:on4:off5:on6:off abrtd??0:off1:off2:off3:on4:off5:on6:off acpid??0:off1:off2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off atd????0:off1:off2:off3:on4:on5:on6:off auditd?0:off1:off2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off autofs?0:off1:off2:off3:on4:on5:on6:off blk-availability0:off1:on2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off bluetooth??0:off1:off2:off3:on4:on5:on6:off certmonger?0:off1:off2:off3:on4:on5:on6:off cpuspeed???0:off1:on2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off crond??0:off1:off2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off cups???0:off1:off2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off dnsmasq0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off firstboot??0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off haldaemon??0:off1:off2:off3:on4:on5:on6:off ip6tables??0:off1:off2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off iptables???0:off1:off2:on3:off4:on5:off6:off irqbalance?0:off1:off2:off3:on4:on5:on6:off kdump??0:off1:off2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off lvm2-monitor???0:off1:on2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off mdmonitor??0:off1:off2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off messagebus?0:off1:off2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off netconsole?0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off netfs??0:off1:off2:off3:on4:on5:on6:off network0:off1:off2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off nfs0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off nfslock0:off1:off2:off3:on4:on5:on6:off ntpd???0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off ntpdate0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off oddjobd0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off portreserve0:off1:off2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off postfix0:off1:off2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off psacct?0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off quota_nld??0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off rdisc??0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off restorecond0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off rngd???0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off rpcbind0:off1:off2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off rpcgssd0:off1:off2:off3:on4:on5:on6:off rpcsvcgssd?0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off rsyslog0:off1:off2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off saslauthd??0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off smartd?0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off snmpd??0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off snmptrapd??0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off spice-vdagentd?0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:on6:off sshd???0:off1:off2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off sssd???0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off sysstat0:off1:on2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off udev-post??0:off1:on2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off vmware-tools???0:off1:off2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off vmware-tools-thinprint0:off1:off2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off wdaemon0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off webmin?0:off1:off2:on3:on4:off5:on6:off winbind0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off wpa_supplicant?0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off xinetd?0:off1:off2:off3:on4:on5:on6:off ypbind?0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:offxinetd?based?services: chargen-dgram:?off chargen-stream:off daytime-dgram:?off daytime-stream:off discard-dgram:?off discard-stream:off echo-dgram:off echo-stream:???off rsync:?off tcpmux-server:?off telnet:on time-dgram:off time-stream:???off [root@test2?jason]#

目標服務及狀態匯總信息

serviceStatus

atd	0:off 1:off?2:off 3:on 4:on 5:on?6:off
bluetooth	0:off 1:off?2:off 3:on 4:on 5:on?6:off
cups	0:off 1:off?2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on?6:off
ip6tables	0:off 1:off?2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on?6:off
iptables	0:off 1:off?2:on 3:off 4:on 5:off?6:off
mdmonitor	0:off 1:off?2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on?6:off
nfslock	0:off 1:off?2:off 3:on 4:on 5:on?6:off
rpcsvcgssd	0:off 1:off?2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off?6:off
postfix	0:off 1:off?2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on?6:off

開始修改

[root@test2?jason]#?ntsysv?--level?2345

atd

bluetooth

cups

ip6tables

iptables+mdmonitor

nfslock+postfix

修改過程中沒有找到rhnsd

修改之后查看信息

[root@test2?jason]#?chkconfig?--list NetworkManager?0:off1:off2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off abrt-ccpp??0:off1:off2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off abrtd??0:off1:off2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off acpid??0:off1:off2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off atd0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off auditd?0:off1:off2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off autofs?0:off1:off2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off blk-availability0:off1:on2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off bluetooth??0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off certmonger?0:off1:off2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off cpuspeed???0:off1:on2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off crond??0:off1:off2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off cups???0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off dnsmasq0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off firstboot??0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off haldaemon??0:off1:off2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off ip6tables??0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off iptables???0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off irqbalance?0:off1:off2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off kdump??0:off1:off2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off lvm2-monitor???0:off1:on2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off mdmonitor??0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off messagebus?0:off1:off2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off netconsole?0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off netfs??0:off1:off2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off network0:off1:off2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off nfs0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off nfslock0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off ntpd???0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off ntpdate0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off oddjobd0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off portreserve0:off1:off2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off postfix0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off psacct?0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off quota_nld??0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off rdisc??0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off restorecond0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off rngd???0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off rpcbind0:off1:off2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off rpcgssd0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off rpcsvcgssd?0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off rsyslog0:off1:off2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off saslauthd??0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off smartd?0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off snmpd??0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off snmptrapd??0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off spice-vdagentd?0:off1:off2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off sshd???0:off1:off2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off sssd???0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off sysstat0:off1:on2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off udev-post??0:off1:on2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off vmware-tools???0:off1:off2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off vmware-tools-thinprint0:off1:off2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off wdaemon0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off webmin?0:off1:off2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off winbind0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off wpa_supplicant?0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off xinetd?0:off1:off2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off ypbind?0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off

從這里可以看出來修改是成功的

serviceStatus

atd	0:off 1:off?2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off?6:off
bluetooth	0:off 1:off?2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off?6:off
cups	0:off 1:off?2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off?6:off
ip6tables	0:off 1:off?2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off?6:off
iptables	0:off 1:off?2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off?6:off
mdmonitor	0:off 1:off?2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off?6:off
nfslock	0:off 1:off?2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off?6:off
rpcsvcgssd	0:off 1:off?2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off?6:off
postfix	0:off 1:off?2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off?6:off

使用chkconfig工具調整個別服務的啟動狀態。

當前postfix狀態：

[root@test2?jason]#?chkconfig?--list?postfix postfix????????????0:off????1:off????2:off????3:off????4:off????5:off????6:off

修改postfix：

[root@test2?jason]#?chkconfig?--level?35?postfix?on

查看

[root@test2?jason]#?chkconfig?--list?postfix postfix0:off1:off2:off3:on4:off5:on6:off

postfix在35已經開啟

將cups服務在運行級別3中的默認啟動狀態設為關閉。

查看cups的狀態

[root@test2?jason]#?chkconfig?--list?cups cups???0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off

開啟cups level3

[root@test2?jason]#?chkconfig?--level?3?cups?on

開啟后查看

[root@test2?jason]#?chkconfig?--list?cups cups???0:off1:off2:off3:on4:off5:off6:off

將network服務在運行級別3、5中的默認啟動狀態設為啟用。

當前network的狀態

[root@test2?jason]#?chkconfig?--list?network network0:off1:off2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off

關掉

[root@test2?jason]#?chkconfig?--level?35?network?off

關掉后查看

[root@test2?jason]#?chkconfig?--list?network network0:off1:off2:on3:off4:on5:off6:off

開啟network35

[root@test2?jason]#?chkconfig?--level?35?network?on

開啟后查看

[root@test2?jason]#?chkconfig?--list?network network0:off1:off2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off

查看當前系統中內存占用情況，重啟并登錄到字符模式，再次查看內存占用情況。

未做任何修改之前

字符界面：

[root@test2?jason]#?grep?"MemFree"?/proc/meminfo MemFree:?7386376?kB

桌面模式：

修改之后:

字符模式：

[root@test2?jason]#?grep?"MemFree"?/proc/meminfo MemFree:?7584276?kB

桌面模式：

重啟

字符模式：

[root@test2?jason]#?grep?"MemFree"?/proc/meminfo MemFree:?7703308?kB [root@test2?jason]#

桌面模式：

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轉載于:https://blog.51cto.com/zencode/1791582

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