CentOS操作系統安裝和配置

規劃設計：

??? CentOS 764bit最小化安裝利用應答文件，安裝為核心安裝，配置好CentOS基本應用和網絡。為后期基本服務器的安裝做準備。（本安裝為虛擬機安裝）

準備：

??? VMware 10 、CentOS 7.0的鏡像文件，安裝的應答文件

??? 應答文件位置：http://192.168.188.1/mini.txt

最小化安裝

1、通過kickstart文件來簡化管理

?? （系統安裝應答文件）

# CentOS 7 64bit 用于生產環境的最小安裝14:57 2014/8/8 # System authorization information auth --enableshadow --passalgo=sha512 ? # Use CDROM installation media cdrom text # Run the Setup Agent on first boot firstboot --enable ignoredisk --only-use=sda # Keyboard layouts keyboard --vckeymap=us --xlayouts='us' # System language lang en_US.UTF-8 ? # Network information #network?--bootproto=dhcp --device=eno16777728 --onboot=no --ipv6=auto network --onboot yes --device eno16777728--bootproto dhcp --noipv6 network?--hostname=localhost.localdomain # Root password rootpw 123456 ? firewall --disable selinux --disable ? # System timezone timezone --utc Asia/Shanghai # System bootloader configuration bootloader --location=mbr --boot-drive=sda autopart --type=lvm # Partition clearing information clearpart --none --initlabel ? reboot %packages @core @base net-tools %end

安裝過程

新建虛擬機

選擇稍后安裝系統

選著CentOS 7 64位版本

選擇保存路徑

虛擬機的基本設置

編輯虛擬機設置添加鏡像文件

CentOS 7的配置

查看版本是否為核心安裝

#vi /root/anaconda-ks.cfg

#version=RHEL7 # Systemauthorization information auth--enableshadow --passalgo=sha512 ? # UseCDROM installation media cdrom # Runthe Setup Agent on first boot firstboot--enable ignoredisk--only-use=sda #Keyboard layouts keyboard--vckeymap=us --xlayouts='us' # Systemlanguage langen_US.UTF-8 ? #Network information network? --bootproto=dhcp --device=eno16777728--onboot=off --ipv6=auto network? --hostname=localhost.localdomain # Rootpassword rootpw--iscrypted$6$KhmzmAaNjyIUkdcz$LuLpRinp9xPHnUTfDas0t0E/sKu6iw/eNgiqDzR2cu6vUSHnoTcSk5xH2BqSCpcQpIg7D4hvzbsNH6sTO/2zy1 # Systemtimezone timezoneAmerica/New_York --isUtc # Systembootloader configuration bootloader--location=mbr --boot-drive=sda autopart--type=lvm #Partition clearing information clearpart--none --initlabel ? %packages @core ? %end

網絡命令查看IP

# ifconfig

-bash: ifconfig: command not found??????????? ?//沒有發現這個命令

?

# find /-name ifconfig????????????????????????? //查詢這個命令對應的目錄

沒有這個文件

?

在RHEL 6.4上查看一下ifconfig屬于那個包

# rpm -qf/sbin/ifconfig???????????????????????? ?//查看這個命令所依賴的包

net-tools-1.60-110.el6_2.x86_64

?

CentOS的Mini最小化安裝@core中沒有包含net-tools包

?

# mount/dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom/???????????????? ??//掛載光驅到目錄

# cd/mnt/cdrom/Packages/????????????????????????//進入目錄

# rpm -ivhnet-tools-2.0-0.17.20131004git.el7.x86_64.rpm??//安裝包

warning:net-tools-2.0-0.17.20131004git.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature,key ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY

Preparing...?????????????????????????################################# [100%]

Updating / installing...

??1:net-tools-2.0-0.17.20131004git.el#################################[100%]

?

# ifconfig????????????????????????????????????????? //再次查看

eno16777728: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>? mtu 1500

???????inet 192.168.188.135 ?netmask 255.255.255.0? broadcast 192.168.188.255

???????inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:feda:bd96?prefixlen 64? scopeid0x20<link>

???????ether 00:0c:29:da:bd:96?txqueuelen 1000? (Ethernet)

???????RX packets 326? bytes 31288 (30.5KiB)

???????RX errors 0? dropped 0? overruns 0?frame 0

???????TX packets 297? bytes 45257 (44.1KiB)

???????TX errors 0? dropped 0 overruns0? carrier 0? collisions 0

?

lo:flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>? mtu65536

??????? inet 127.0.0.1? netmask 255.0.0.0

??????? inet6 ::1? prefixlen 128?scopeid 0x10<host>

??????? loop?txqueuelen 0? (Local Loopback)

??????? RX packets 0? bytes 0 (0.0 B)

???????RX errors 0? dropped 0? overruns 0?frame 0

???????TX packets 0? bytes 0 (0.0 B)

???????TX errors 0? dropped 0 overruns0? carrier 0? collisions 0

?

?

# cd/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/?????????//進入網絡配置目錄

# ls

ifcfg-eno16777728?ifdown-Team????? ifup-post

ifcfg-lo??????????ifdown-TeamPort? ifup-ppp

ifdown????????????ifdown-tunnel??? ifup-routes

ifdown-bnep???????ifup???????????? ifup-sit

ifdown-eth????????ifup-aliases???? ifup-Team

ifdown-ippp???????ifup-bnep??????? ifup-TeamPort

ifdown-ipv6???????ifup-eth???????? ifup-tunnel

ifdown-isdn???????ifup-ippp??????? ifup-wireless

ifdown-post???????ifup-ipv6??????? init.ipv6-global

ifdown-ppp????????ifup-isdn??????? network-functions

ifdown-routes?????ifup-plip???????network-functions-ipv6

ifdown-sit????????ifup-plusb

?

# viifcfg-eno16777728????????????????????????????//修改網絡配置文件

HWADDR=00:0C:29:DA:BD:96

TYPE=Ethernet

BOOTPROTO=dhcp

DEFROUTE=yes

PEERDNS=yes

PEERROUTES=yes

IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no

IPV6INIT=yes

IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes

IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes

IPV6_PEERDNS=yes

IPV6_PEERROUTES=yes

IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no

NAME=eno16777728

UUID=084273bf-9ad7-4a16-bb0f-1464f48ee355

ONBOOT=no? <-- ?修改為yes

?

?

?

Tip： 可以通過ipa s命令來查看本機IP地址

# ip a s

1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdiscnoqueue state UNKNOWN

???link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00

??? inet127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo

??????valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

??? inet6::1/128 scope host

??????valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

2: eno16777728:<BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen1000

???link/ether 00:0c:29:da:bd:96 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

??? inet192.168.188.135/24 brd 192.168.188.255 scope global dynamic eno16777728

??????valid_lft 1550sec preferred_lft 1550sec

??? inet6fe80::20c:29ff:feda:bd96/64 scope link

??????valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

?

# service network restart?????????????????????????????? //重啟網絡服務

重啟CentOS 7 基本配置完成

總結：

CentOS的核心安裝也是他的最小化安裝，這樣可以為基本服務器的安裝提供一個干凈的實驗環境。另外也可以讓我們后期的試驗中了解CentOS 7的功能，讓和我一樣的菜鳥了解個多的東西。

轉載于:https://blog.51cto.com/chenzhou312/1542658

總結

以上是生活随笔為你收集整理的CentOS 7核心安装及基本配置的全部內容，希望文章能夠幫你解決所遇到的問題。

如果覺得生活随笔網站內容還不錯，歡迎將生活随笔推薦給好友。