?? 11. 數(shù)據(jù)庫連接?
　　在上一節(jié)里，我們已經(jīng)介紹了PHP與MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫的一些基本操作知識，在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)中有關PHP與MySQL的教程也最多。MySQL是免費的，這一點也許就吸引了不少人。由于其廣泛應用，我就不想在這里贅述MySQL的使用方法了。Oracle被大量在企業(yè)應用中采用，因此我們就利用Oracle來進一步介紹PHP與數(shù)據(jù)庫的連接。我們當然不會提及Oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫的設計原理，原因是這已經(jīng)超出了我們的討論范圍。?

　　PHP提供了兩套函數(shù)與Oracle連接，分別是ORA_和OCI函數(shù)。其中ORA_函數(shù)略顯陳舊。OCI函數(shù)更新?lián)f更好一些。兩者的使用語法幾乎相差無幾。如前所述，你的PHP安裝選項應該可以支持兩者的使用。?
　　 想獲得更多有關在Microsoft Windows平臺上安裝支持PHP3的Apache服務器的知識以及更多有關Oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫的知識，請查閱以下URL：www.csoft.net/~vsbabu/articles/oraphp.html。?

11.1 連接?

<??
if ($conn=Ora_Logon("mailto:user@TNSNAME%22,%22password"))?
{?
echo "<B>SUCCESS ! Connected to database<B>n";?
}?
else?
{?
echo "<B>Failed :-( Could not connect to database<B>n";?
}?
Ora_Logoff($conn);?
phpinfo();?
?>?
以上代碼使用TNSNAME（在你的tnsnames.ora文件中指明）定義的Oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫名稱、用戶名稱和密碼連接數(shù)據(jù)庫。在成功連接的基礎上，ora_logon函數(shù)返回一個非零的連接ID并儲存在變量$conn中。?

11.2 查詢?

假設與數(shù)據(jù)庫已經(jīng)連接就緒，下面我們就來實際的應用對數(shù)據(jù)庫的查詢。下面的代碼演示了一個連接并查詢的典型例子：?
<??
/*?
* 連接數(shù)據(jù)庫并執(zhí)行查詢?
*/?
function printoraerr($in_cur)?
{?
// 檢查Oracle是否出錯?
// 如果存在錯誤則顯示?
// 當指針被激活時每次請求Oracle后調用該函數(shù)?
if(ora_errorcode($in_cur))?
echo "Oracle code - ".ora_error($in_cur)."n";?
return;?
}?
/** 主程序 */?
if (!($conn=ora_logon("mailto:user@TNSNAME%22,%22password")))?
{?
echo "Connection to database failedn";?
exit;?
}?
echo "Connected as connection - <b>$conn</b><br>n";?
echo "Opening cursor ...<br>n";?
$cursor=ora_open($conn); printoraerr($cursor);?
echo "Opened cursor - <b>$cursor</b><br>n";?
$qry="select user,sysdate from dual";?
echo "Parsing the query <b>$qry</b> ...<br>n";?
ora_parse($cursor,$qry,0); printoraerr($cursor);?
echo "Query parsed <br>n";?
echo "Executing cursor ...<br>n";?
ora_exec($cursor); printoraerr($cursor);?
echo "Executed cursor<br>n";?
echo "Fetching cursor ...<br>n";?
while(ora_fetch($cursor))?
{?
$user=ora_getcolumn($cursor,0); printoraerr($cursor);?
$sysdate=ora_getcolumn($cursor,1); printoraerr($cursor);?
echo " row = <B>$user, $sysdate </B><br>n";?
}?
echo "Fetched all records<br>n";?
echo "Closing cursor ...<br>n";?
ora_close($cursor);?
echo "Closed cursor<br>n";?
echo "Logging off from oracle... <br>n";?
ora_logoff($conn);?
echo "Logged off from oracle <br>n";?
?>?
（譯者注：以上代碼段缺少注釋，請讀者參考PHP Manual的Oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫函數(shù)部分）?

11.3 顯示結果?

以下代碼演示了怎樣查詢數(shù)據(jù)庫并將結果輸出：?
<??
function printoraerr($in_cur, $conn)?
{?
// 檢查Oracle是否出錯?
// 如果存在錯誤則顯示?
// 當指針被激活時每次請求Oracle后調用該函數(shù)?
// If it encountered an error, we exit immediately?
if(ora_errorcode($in_cur))?
{?
echo "Oracle code - ".ora_error($in_cur)."<br>n";?
ora_logoff($conn);?
exit;?
}?
return;?
}?

function exequery($w_qry,$conn)?
{?
$cursor=ora_open($conn); printoraerr($cursor,$conn);?
ora_parse($cursor,$w_qry,0); printoraerr($cursor,$conn);?
ora_exec($cursor); printoraerr($cursor,$conn);?
$numrows=0;?
$w_numcols=ora_numcols($cursor);?
// 顯示頭部?
echo "?
<TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="0" CELLSPACING="1" CELLPADDING="2">?
<TR>n";?
for ($i=0;$i<$w_numcols;$i++)?
{?
$align=(ora_columntype($cursor,$i)=="NUMBER")?"RIGHT":"LEFT";?
echo "t<TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=$align>".ora_columnname($cursor,$i)."</TH>n";?
}?
echo "</TR>n";?
while(ora_fetch($cursor))?
{?
echo "<TR>n";?
for ($i=0;$i<$w_numcols;$i++)?
{?
$align=(ora_columntype($cursor,$i)=="NUMBER")?"RIGHT":"LEFT";?
if(ora_columntype($cursor,$i)=="LONG")?
echo "<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=$align><PRE>".?
ora_getcolumn($cursor,$i)."</PRE></TD>n";?
else?
echo "<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=$align>".ora_getcolumn($cursor,$i)."</TD>n";?
printoraerr($cursor,$conn);?
}?
$numrows++;?
echo "</TR>n";?
}?
if ($numrows==0)?
echo "<TR><TD COLSPAN="$w_numcols"><B>Query returned no records?
</B></TD></TR>n";?
else?
{?
echo "<TR>n";?
echo "<TH COLSPAN="".($w_numcols-1)."" ALIGN=RIGHT>Count</TH>n";?
echo "<TH ALIGN=RIGHT>$numrows</TH>n";?
echo "</TR>n";?
}?
echo "</TABLE>n";?
ora_close($cursor);?
return;?
}?

// 主程序?
if(!($conn=ora_logon("mailto:user@SID%22,%22password")))?
{?
echo "Error: Cannot connect to databasen";?
exit;?
}?
$qry="SELECT?
deptno "Dept"?
,empno "Emp"?
,empnm "Name"?
,salary "Salary"?
FROM?
employee?
ORDER BY 1,2";?
exequery($qry);?
ora_logoff($conn);?
?>?
（譯者注：以上代碼段缺少注釋，請讀者參考PHP Manual的Oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫函數(shù)部分）?

11.4 基于HTTP的Oracle登錄?

將以下代碼加在PHP頁面代碼之前以確認Oracle登錄。注意你必須正確設定$ SID。?
<??
if(!isset($PHP_AUTH_USER))?
{?
Header("WWW-authenticate: basic realm="$SID"");?
Header("HTTP/1.0 401 Unauthorized");?
$title="Login Instructions";?
echo "<blockquote>?
You are not authorized to enter the site?
</blockquote> n";?
exit;?
}?
else?
{?
if (!($conn=ora_logon("mailto:$PHP_AUTH_USER@$SID%22,$PHP_AUTH_PW)))?
{?
Header("WWW-authenticate: basic realm="$SID"");?
Header("HTTP/1.0 401 Unauthorized");?
$title="Login Instructions";?
echo "<blockquote>?
You are not authorised to enter the site?
</blockquote> n";?
exit;?
}?
}?
?>

?

轉載于:https://www.cnblogs.com/kylskjb/archive/2008/08/12/1265685.html

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