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分布式環(huán)境搭建之環(huán)境介紹

之前我們已經(jīng)介紹了如何在單機(jī)上搭建偽分布式的Hadoop環(huán)境，而在實(shí)際情況中，肯定都是多機(jī)器多節(jié)點(diǎn)的分布式集群環(huán)境，所以本文將簡(jiǎn)單介紹一下如何在多臺(tái)機(jī)器上搭建Hadoop的分布式環(huán)境。

我這里準(zhǔn)備了三臺(tái)機(jī)器，IP地址如下：

• 192.168.77.128
• 192.168.77.130
• 192.168.77.134

首先在這三臺(tái)機(jī)器上編輯/etc/hosts配置文件，修改主機(jī)名以及配置其他機(jī)器的主機(jī)名

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/hosts # 三臺(tái)機(jī)器都需要操作 192.168.77.128 hadoop000 192.168.77.130 hadoop001 192.168.77.134 hadoop002 [root@localhost ~]# reboot

三臺(tái)機(jī)器在集群中所擔(dān)任的角色：

• hadoop000作為NameNode、DataNode、ResourceManager、NodeManager
• hadoop001作為DataNode、NodeManager
• hadoop002也是作為DataNode、NodeManager

配置ssh免密碼登錄

集群之間的機(jī)器需要相互通信，所以我們得先配置免密碼登錄。在三臺(tái)機(jī)器上分別運(yùn)行如下命令，生成密鑰對(duì)：

[root@hadoop000 ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa # 三臺(tái)機(jī)器都需要執(zhí)行這個(gè)命令生成密鑰對(duì) Generating public/private rsa key pair. Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa. Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub. The key fingerprint is: 0d:00:bd:a3:69:b7:03:d5:89:dc:a8:a2:ca:28:d6:06 root@hadoop000 The key's randomart image is: +--[ RSA 2048]----+ | .o. | | .. | | . *.. | | B +o | | = .S . | | E. * . | | .oo o . | |=. o o | |*.. . | +-----------------+ [root@hadoop000 ~]# ls .ssh/ authorized_keys id_rsa id_rsa.pub known_hosts [root@hadoop000 ~]#

以hadoop000為主，執(zhí)行以下命令，分別把公鑰拷貝到其他機(jī)器上：

[root@hadoop000 ~]# ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub hadoop000 [root@hadoop000 ~]# ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub hadoop001 [root@hadoop000 ~]# ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub hadoop002

注：其他兩臺(tái)機(jī)器也需要執(zhí)行以上這三條命令。

拷貝完成之后，測(cè)試能否正常進(jìn)行免密登錄：

[root@hadoop000 ~]# ssh hadoop000 Last login: Mon Apr 2 17:20:02 2018 from localhost [root@hadoop000 ~]# ssh hadoop001 Last login: Tue Apr 3 00:49:59 2018 from 192.168.77.1 [root@hadoop001 ~]# 登出 Connection to hadoop001 closed. [root@hadoop000 ~]# ssh hadoop002 Last login: Tue Apr 3 00:50:03 2018 from 192.168.77.1 [root@hadoop002 ~]# 登出 Connection to hadoop002 closed. [root@hadoop000 ~]# 登出 Connection to hadoop000 closed. [root@hadoop000 ~]#

如上，hadoop000機(jī)器已經(jīng)能夠正常免密登錄其他兩臺(tái)機(jī)器，那么我們的配置就成功了。

安裝JDK

到Oracle官網(wǎng)拿到JDK的下載鏈接，我這里用的是JDK1.8，地址如下：

http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jdk8-downloads-2133151.html

使用wget命令將JDK下載到/usr/local/src/目錄下，我這里已經(jīng)下載好了：

[root@hadoop000 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/ [root@hadoop000 /usr/local/src]# ls jdk-8u151-linux-x64.tar.gz [root@hadoop000 /usr/local/src]#

解壓下載的壓縮包，并將解壓后的目錄移動(dòng)到/usr/local/目錄下：

[root@hadoop000 /usr/local/src]# tar -zxvf jdk-8u151-linux-x64.tar.gz [root@hadoop000 /usr/local/src]# mv ./jdk1.8.0_151 /usr/local/jdk1.8

編輯/etc/profile文件配置環(huán)境變量：

[root@hadoop000 ~]# vim /etc/profile # 增加如下內(nèi)容 JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8/ JAVA_BIN=/usr/local/jdk1.8/bin JRE_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8/jre PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/jdk1.8/bin:/usr/local/jdk1.8/jre/bin CLASSPATH=/usr/local/jdk1.8/jre/lib:/usr/local/jdk1.8/lib:/usr/local/jdk1.8/jre/lib/charsets.jarexport PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin/

使用source命令加載配置文件，讓其生效，生效后執(zhí)行java -version命令即可看到JDK的版本：

[root@hadoop000 ~]# source /etc/profile [root@hadoop000 ~]# java -version java version "1.8.0_151" Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_151-b12) Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.151-b12, mixed mode) [root@hadoop000 ~]#

在hadoop000上安裝完JDK后，通過(guò)rsync命令，將JDK以及配置文件都同步到其他機(jī)器上：

[root@hadoop000 ~]# rsync -av /usr/local/jdk1.8 hadoop001:/usr/local [root@hadoop000 ~]# rsync -av /usr/local/jdk1.8 hadoop002:/usr/local [root@hadoop000 ~]# rsync -av /etc/profile hadoop001:/etc/profile [root@hadoop000 ~]# rsync -av /etc/profile hadoop002:/etc/profile

同步完成后，分別在兩臺(tái)機(jī)器上source配置文件，讓環(huán)境變量生效，生效后再執(zhí)行java -version命令測(cè)試JDK是否已安裝成功。

Hadoop配置及分發(fā)

下載Hadoop 2.6.0-cdh5.7.0的tar.gz包并解壓：

[root@hadoop000 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/ [root@hadoop000 /usr/local/src]# wget http://archive.cloudera.com/cdh5/cdh/5/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0.tar.gz [root@hadoop000 /usr/local/src]# tar -zxvf hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0.tar.gz -C /usr/local/

注：如果在Linux上下載得很慢的話，可以在windows的迅雷上使用這個(gè)鏈接進(jìn)行下載。然后再上傳到Linux中，這樣就會(huì)快一些。

解壓完后，進(jìn)入到解壓后的目錄下，可以看到hadoop的目錄結(jié)構(gòu)如下：

[root@hadoop000 /usr/local/src]# cd /usr/local/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0/ [root@hadoop000 /usr/local/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0]# ls bin cloudera examples include libexec NOTICE.txt sbin src bin-mapreduce1 etc examples-mapreduce1 lib LICENSE.txt README.txt share [root@hadoop000 /usr/local/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0]#

簡(jiǎn)單說(shuō)明一下其中幾個(gè)目錄存放的東西：

• bin目錄存放可執(zhí)行文件
• etc目錄存放配置文件
• sbin目錄下存放服務(wù)的啟動(dòng)命令
• share目錄下存放jar包與文檔

以上就算是把hadoop給安裝好了，接下來(lái)就是編輯配置文件，把JAVA_HOME配置一下：

[root@hadoop000 /usr/local/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0]# cd etc/ [root@hadoop000 /usr/local/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0/etc]# cd hadoop [root@hadoop000 /usr/local/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0/etc/hadoop]# vim hadoop-env.sh export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8/ # 根據(jù)你的環(huán)境變量進(jìn)行修改 [root@hadoop000 /usr/local/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0/etc/hadoop]#

然后將Hadoop的安裝目錄配置到環(huán)境變量中，方便之后使用它的命令：

[root@hadoop000 ~]# vim ~/.bash_profile # 增加以下內(nèi)容 export HADOOP_HOME=/usr/local/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0/ export PATH=$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin:$PATH [root@localhost ~]# source !$ source ~/.bash_profile [root@localhost ~]#

接著分別編輯core-site.xml以及hdfs-site.xml配置文件：

[root@hadoop000 ~]# cd $HADOOP_HOME [root@hadoop000 /usr/local/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0]# cd etc/hadoop [root@hadoop000 /usr/local/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0/etc/hadoop]# vim core-site.xml # 增加如下內(nèi)容 <configuration><property><name>fs.default.name</name><value>hdfs://hadoop000:8020</value> # 指定默認(rèn)的訪問(wèn)地址以及端口號(hào)</property> </configuration> [root@hadoop000 /usr/local/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0/etc/hadoop]# vim hdfs-site.xml # 增加如下內(nèi)容 <configuration><property><name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name><value>/data/hadoop/app/tmp/dfs/name</value> # namenode臨時(shí)文件所存放的目錄</property><property><name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name><value>/data/hadoop/app/tmp/dfs/data</value> # datanode臨時(shí)文件所存放的目錄</property> </configuration> [root@hadoop000 /usr/local/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0/etc/hadoop]# mkdir -p /data/hadoop/app/tmp/dfs/name [root@hadoop000 /usr/local/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0/etc/hadoop]# mkdir -p /data/hadoop/app/tmp/dfs/data

接下來(lái)還需要編輯yarn-site.xml配置文件：

[root@hadoop000 /usr/local/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0/etc/hadoop]# vim yarn-site.xml # 增加如下內(nèi)容 <configuration><property><name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name><value>mapreduce_shuffle</value></property><property><name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname</name><value>hadoop000</value></property> </configuration> [root@hadoop000 /usr/local/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0/etc/hadoop]#

拷貝并編輯MapReduce的配置文件：

[root@hadoop000 /usr/local/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0/etc/hadoop]# cp mapred-site.xml.template mapred-site.xml [root@hadoop000 /usr/local/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0/etc/hadoop]# vim !$ # 增加如下內(nèi)容 <configuration><property><name>mapreduce.framework.name</name><value>yarn</value></property> </configuration> [root@hadoop000 /usr/local/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0/etc/hadoop]#

最后是配置從節(jié)點(diǎn)的主機(jī)名，如果沒(méi)有配置主機(jī)名的情況下就使用IP：

[root@hadoop000 /usr/local/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0/etc/hadoop]# vim slaves hadoop000 hadoop001 hadoop002 [root@hadoop000 /usr/local/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0/etc/hadoop]#

到此為止，我們就已經(jīng)在hadoop000上搭建好了我們主節(jié)點(diǎn)（master）的Hadoop集群環(huán)境，但是還有其他兩臺(tái)作為從節(jié)點(diǎn)（slave）的機(jī)器沒(méi)配置Hadoop環(huán)境，所以接下來(lái)需要把hadoop000上的Hadoop安裝目錄以及環(huán)境變量配置文件分發(fā)到其他兩臺(tái)機(jī)器上，分別執(zhí)行如下命令：

[root@hadoop000 ~]# rsync -av /usr/local/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0/ hadoop001:/usr/local/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0/ [root@hadoop000 ~]# rsync -av /usr/local/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0/ hadoop002:/usr/local/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0/ [root@hadoop000 ~]# rsync -av ~/.bash_profile hadoop001:~/.bash_profile [root@hadoop000 ~]# rsync -av ~/.bash_profile hadoop002:~/.bash_profile

分發(fā)完成之后到兩臺(tái)機(jī)器上分別執(zhí)行source命令以及創(chuàng)建臨時(shí)目錄：

[root@hadoop001 ~]# source .bash_profile [root@hadoop001 ~]# mkdir -p /data/hadoop/app/tmp/dfs/name [root@hadoop001 ~]# mkdir -p /data/hadoop/app/tmp/dfs/data [root@hadoop002 ~]# source .bash_profile [root@hadoop002 ~]# mkdir -p /data/hadoop/app/tmp/dfs/name [root@hadoop002 ~]# mkdir -p /data/hadoop/app/tmp/dfs/data

Hadoop格式化及啟停

對(duì)NameNode做格式化，只需要在hadoop000上執(zhí)行即可：

[root@hadoop000 ~]# hdfs namenode -format

格式化完成之后，就可以啟動(dòng)Hadoop集群了：

[root@hadoop000 ~]# start-all.sh This script is Deprecated. Instead use start-dfs.sh and start-yarn.sh 18/04/02 20:10:59 WARN util.NativeCodeLoader: Unable to load native-hadoop library for your platform... using builtin-java classes where applicable Starting namenodes on [hadoop000] hadoop000: starting namenode, logging to /usr/local/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0/logs/hadoop-root-namenode-hadoop000.out hadoop000: starting datanode, logging to /usr/local/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0/logs/hadoop-root-datanode-hadoop000.out hadoop001: starting datanode, logging to /usr/local/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0/logs/hadoop-root-datanode-hadoop001.out hadoop002: starting datanode, logging to /usr/local/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0/logs/hadoop-root-datanode-hadoop002.out Starting secondary namenodes [0.0.0.0] The authenticity of host '0.0.0.0 (0.0.0.0)' can't be established. ECDSA key fingerprint is 4d:5a:9d:31:65:75:30:47:a3:9c:f5:56:63:c4:0f:6a. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes # 輸入yes即可 0.0.0.0: Warning: Permanently added '0.0.0.0' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts. 0.0.0.0: starting secondarynamenode, logging to /usr/local/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0/logs/hadoop-root-secondarynamenode-hadoop000.out 18/04/02 20:11:21 WARN util.NativeCodeLoader: Unable to load native-hadoop library for your platform... using builtin-java classes where applicable starting yarn daemons starting resourcemanager, logging to /usr/local/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0/logs/yarn-root-resourcemanager-hadoop000.out hadoop001: starting nodemanager, logging to /usr/local/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0/logs/yarn-root-nodemanager-hadoop001.out hadoop002: starting nodemanager, logging to /usr/local/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0/logs/yarn-root-nodemanager-hadoop002.out hadoop000: starting nodemanager, logging to /usr/local/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0/logs/yarn-root-nodemanager-hadoop000.out [root@hadoop000 ~]# jps # 查看是否有以下幾個(gè)進(jìn)程 6256 Jps 5538 DataNode 5843 ResourceManager 5413 NameNode 5702 SecondaryNameNode 5945 NodeManager [root@hadoop000 ~]#

到另外兩臺(tái)機(jī)器上檢查進(jìn)程：
hadoop001：

[root@hadoop001 ~]# jps 3425 DataNode 3538 NodeManager 3833 Jps [root@hadoop001 ~]#

hadoop002：

[root@hadoop002 ~]# jps 3171 DataNode 3273 NodeManager 3405 Jps [root@hadoop002 ~]#

各機(jī)器的進(jìn)程檢查完成，并且確定沒(méi)有問(wèn)題后，在瀏覽器上訪問(wèn)主節(jié)點(diǎn)的50070端口，例如：192.168.77.128:50070。會(huì)訪問(wèn)到如下頁(yè)面：

點(diǎn)擊 ”Live Nodes“ 查看存活的節(jié)點(diǎn)：

如上，可以訪問(wèn)50070端口就代表集群中的HDFS是正常的。

接下來(lái)我們還需要訪問(wèn)主節(jié)點(diǎn)的8088端口，這是YARN的web服務(wù)端口，例如：192.168.77.128:8088。如下：

點(diǎn)擊 “Active Nodes” 查看存活的節(jié)點(diǎn)：

好了，到此為止我們的Hadoop分布式集群環(huán)境就搭建完畢了，就是這么簡(jiǎn)單。那么啟動(dòng)了集群之后要如何關(guān)閉集群呢？也很簡(jiǎn)單，在主節(jié)點(diǎn)上執(zhí)行如下命令即可：

[root@hadoop000 ~]# stop-all.sh

分布式環(huán)境下HDFS及YARN的使用

實(shí)際上分布式環(huán)境下HDFS及YARN的使用和偽分布式下是一模一樣的，例如HDFS的shell命令的使用方式依舊是和偽分布式下一樣的。例如：

[root@hadoop000 ~]# hdfs dfs -ls / [root@hadoop000 ~]# hdfs dfs -mkdir /data [root@hadoop000 ~]# hdfs dfs -put ./test.sh /data [root@hadoop000 ~]# hdfs dfs -ls / Found 1 items drwxr-xr-x - root supergroup 0 2018-04-02 20:29 /data [root@hadoop000 ~]# hdfs dfs -ls /data Found 1 items -rw-r--r-- 3 root supergroup 68 2018-04-02 20:29 /data/test.sh [root@hadoop000 ~]#

在集群中的其他節(jié)點(diǎn)也可以訪問(wèn)HDFS，而且在集群中HDFS是共享的，所有節(jié)點(diǎn)訪問(wèn)的數(shù)據(jù)都是一樣的。例如我在hadoop001節(jié)點(diǎn)中，上傳一個(gè)目錄：

[root@hadoop001 ~]# hdfs dfs -ls / Found 1 items drwxr-xr-x - root supergroup 0 2018-04-02 20:29 /data [root@hadoop001 ~]# hdfs dfs -put ./logs / [root@hadoop001 ~]# hdfs dfs -ls / drwxr-xr-x - root supergroup 0 2018-04-02 20:29 /data drwxr-xr-x - root supergroup 0 2018-04-02 20:31 /logs [root@hadoop001 ~]#

然后再到hadoop002上查看：

[root@hadoop002 ~]# hdfs dfs -ls / Found 2 items drwxr-xr-x - root supergroup 0 2018-04-02 20:29 /data drwxr-xr-x - root supergroup 0 2018-04-02 20:31 /logs [root@hadoop002 ~]#

可以看到，不同的節(jié)點(diǎn)，訪問(wèn)的數(shù)據(jù)也是一樣的。由于和偽分布式下的操作是一樣的，我這里就不再過(guò)多演示了。

簡(jiǎn)單演示了HDFS的操作之后，我們?cè)賮?lái)運(yùn)行一下Hadoop自帶的案例，看看YARN上是否能獲取到任務(wù)的執(zhí)行信息。隨便在一個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)上執(zhí)行如下命令：

[root@hadoop002 ~]# cd /usr/local/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce [root@hadoop002 /usr/local/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce]# hadoop jar ./hadoop-mapreduce-examples-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0.jar pi 3 4 [root@hadoop002 ~]#

申請(qǐng)資源：

執(zhí)行任務(wù)：

然而我這不幸的執(zhí)行失敗：

能咋辦，只能排錯(cuò)咯，查看到命令行終端的報(bào)錯(cuò)信息如下：

Note: System times on machines may be out of sync. Check system time and time zones.at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423)at org.apache.hadoop.yarn.api.records.impl.pb.SerializedExceptionPBImpl.instantiateException(SerializedExceptionPBImpl.java:168)at org.apache.hadoop.yarn.api.records.impl.pb.SerializedExceptionPBImpl.deSerialize(SerializedExceptionPBImpl.java:106)at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.v2.app.launcher.ContainerLauncherImpl$Container.launch(ContainerLauncherImpl.java:159)at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.v2.app.launcher.ContainerLauncherImpl$EventProcessor.run(ContainerLauncherImpl.java:379)at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)18/04/03 04:32:17 INFO mapreduce.Job: Task Id : attempt_1522671083370_0001_m_000002_0, Status : FAILED Container launch failed for container_1522671083370_0001_01_000004 : org.apache.hadoop.yarn.exceptions.YarnException: Unauthorized request to start container. This token is expired. current time is 1522701136752 found 1522673393827 Note: System times on machines may be out of sync. Check system time and time zones.at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423)at org.apache.hadoop.yarn.api.records.impl.pb.SerializedExceptionPBImpl.instantiateException(SerializedExceptionPBImpl.java:168)at org.apache.hadoop.yarn.api.records.impl.pb.SerializedExceptionPBImpl.deSerialize(SerializedExceptionPBImpl.java:106)at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.v2.app.launcher.ContainerLauncherImpl$Container.launch(ContainerLauncherImpl.java:159)at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.v2.app.launcher.ContainerLauncherImpl$EventProcessor.run(ContainerLauncherImpl.java:379)at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)18/04/03 04:32:18 INFO mapreduce.Job: Task Id : attempt_1522671083370_0001_m_000001_1, Status : FAILED Container launch failed for container_1522671083370_0001_01_000005 : org.apache.hadoop.yarn.exceptions.YarnException: Unauthorized request to start container. This token is expired. current time is 1522701157769 found 1522673395895 Note: System times on machines may be out of sync. Check system time and time zones.at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423)at org.apache.hadoop.yarn.api.records.impl.pb.SerializedExceptionPBImpl.instantiateException(SerializedExceptionPBImpl.java:168)at org.apache.hadoop.yarn.api.records.impl.pb.SerializedExceptionPBImpl.deSerialize(SerializedExceptionPBImpl.java:106)at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.v2.app.launcher.ContainerLauncherImpl$Container.launch(ContainerLauncherImpl.java:159)at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.v2.app.launcher.ContainerLauncherImpl$EventProcessor.run(ContainerLauncherImpl.java:379)at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)18/04/03 04:32:20 INFO mapreduce.Job: Task Id : attempt_1522671083370_0001_m_000001_2, Status : FAILED Container launch failed for container_1522671083370_0001_01_000007 : org.apache.hadoop.yarn.exceptions.YarnException: Unauthorized request to start container. This token is expired. current time is 1522701159832 found 1522673397934 Note: System times on machines may be out of sync. Check system time and time zones.at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423)at org.apache.hadoop.yarn.api.records.impl.pb.SerializedExceptionPBImpl.instantiateException(SerializedExceptionPBImpl.java:168)at org.apache.hadoop.yarn.api.records.impl.pb.SerializedExceptionPBImpl.deSerialize(SerializedExceptionPBImpl.java:106)at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.v2.app.launcher.ContainerLauncherImpl$Container.launch(ContainerLauncherImpl.java:159)at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.v2.app.launcher.ContainerLauncherImpl$EventProcessor.run(ContainerLauncherImpl.java:379)at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)18/04/03 04:32:23 INFO mapreduce.Job: map 33% reduce 100% 18/04/03 04:32:24 INFO mapreduce.Job: map 100% reduce 100% 18/04/03 04:32:24 INFO mapreduce.Job: Job job_1522671083370_0001 failed with state FAILED due to: Task failed task_1522671083370_0001_m_000001 Job failed as tasks failed. failedMaps:1 failedReduces:018/04/03 04:32:24 INFO mapreduce.Job: Counters: 12Job Counters Killed map tasks=2Launched map tasks=2Other local map tasks=4Data-local map tasks=3Total time spent by all maps in occupied slots (ms)=10890Total time spent by all reduces in occupied slots (ms)=0Total time spent by all map tasks (ms)=10890Total vcore-seconds taken by all map tasks=10890Total megabyte-seconds taken by all map tasks=11151360Map-Reduce FrameworkCPU time spent (ms)=0Physical memory (bytes) snapshot=0Virtual memory (bytes) snapshot=0 Job Finished in 23.112 seconds java.io.FileNotFoundException: File does not exist: hdfs://hadoop000:8020/user/root/QuasiMonteCarlo_1522701120069_2085123424/out/reduce-outat org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DistributedFileSystem$19.doCall(DistributedFileSystem.java:1219)at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DistributedFileSystem$19.doCall(DistributedFileSystem.java:1211)at org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystemLinkResolver.resolve(FileSystemLinkResolver.java:81)at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DistributedFileSystem.getFileStatus(DistributedFileSystem.java:1211)at org.apache.hadoop.io.SequenceFile$Reader.<init>(SequenceFile.java:1750)at org.apache.hadoop.io.SequenceFile$Reader.<init>(SequenceFile.java:1774)at org.apache.hadoop.examples.QuasiMonteCarlo.estimatePi(QuasiMonteCarlo.java:314)at org.apache.hadoop.examples.QuasiMonteCarlo.run(QuasiMonteCarlo.java:354)at org.apache.hadoop.util.ToolRunner.run(ToolRunner.java:70)at org.apache.hadoop.examples.QuasiMonteCarlo.main(QuasiMonteCarlo.java:363)at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)at org.apache.hadoop.util.ProgramDriver$ProgramDescription.invoke(ProgramDriver.java:71)at org.apache.hadoop.util.ProgramDriver.run(ProgramDriver.java:144)at org.apache.hadoop.examples.ExampleDriver.main(ExampleDriver.java:74)at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.run(RunJar.java:221)at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.main(RunJar.java:136)

雖然報(bào)了一大串的錯(cuò)誤信息，但是從報(bào)錯(cuò)信息中，可以看到第一句是System times on machines may be out of sync. Check system time and time zones.，這是說(shuō)機(jī)器上的系統(tǒng)時(shí)間可能不同步。讓我們檢查系統(tǒng)時(shí)間和時(shí)區(qū)。然后我就檢查了集群中所有機(jī)器的時(shí)間，的確是不同步的。那么要如何同步時(shí)間呢？那就要使用到ntpdate命令了，在所有機(jī)器上安裝ntp包，并執(zhí)行同步時(shí)間的命令，如下：

[root@hadoop000 ~]# yum install -y ntp [root@hadoop000 ~]# ntpdate -u ntp.api.bz

完成之后再次執(zhí)行之前的命令，這次任務(wù)執(zhí)行成功：

將Hadoop項(xiàng)目運(yùn)行在Hadoop集群之上

在這之前用Hadoop寫(xiě)了一個(gè)統(tǒng)計(jì)日志數(shù)據(jù)的小項(xiàng)目，現(xiàn)在既然我們的集群搭建成功了，那么當(dāng)然是得拿上來(lái)跑一下看看。首先將日志文件以及jar包上傳到服務(wù)器上：

[root@hadoop000 ~]# ls 10000_access.log hadoop-train-1.0-jar-with-dependencies.jar [root@hadoop000 ~]#

把日志文件put到HDFS文件系統(tǒng)中：

[root@hadoop000 ~]# hdfs dfs -put ./10000_access.log / [root@hadoop000 ~]# hdfs dfs -ls / Found 5 items -rw-r--r-- 3 root supergroup 2769741 2018-04-02 21:13 /10000_access.log drwxr-xr-x - root supergroup 0 2018-04-02 20:29 /data drwxr-xr-x - root supergroup 0 2018-04-02 20:31 /logs drwx------ - root supergroup 0 2018-04-02 20:39 /tmp drwxr-xr-x - root supergroup 0 2018-04-02 20:39 /user [root@hadoop000 ~]#

執(zhí)行以下命令，將項(xiàng)目運(yùn)行在Hadoop集群之上：

[root@hadoop000 ~]# hadoop jar ./hadoop-train-1.0-jar-with-dependencies.jar org.zero01.hadoop.project.LogApp /10000_access.log /browserout

到Y(jié)ARN上查看任務(wù)執(zhí)行時(shí)的信息：
申請(qǐng)資源：

執(zhí)行任務(wù)：

任務(wù)執(zhí)行成功：

查看輸出文件內(nèi)容：

[root@hadoop000 ~]# hdfs dfs -ls /browserout Found 2 items -rw-r--r-- 3 root supergroup 0 2018-04-02 21:22 /browserout/_SUCCESS -rw-r--r-- 3 root supergroup 56 2018-04-02 21:22 /browserout/part-r-00000 [root@hadoop000 ~]# hdfs dfs -text /browserout/part-r-00000 Chrome 2775 Firefox 327 MSIE 78 Safari 115 Unknown 6705 [root@hadoop000 ~]#

處理結(jié)果沒(méi)有問(wèn)題，到此為止，我們的測(cè)試也完成了，接下來(lái)就可以愉快的使用Hadoop集群來(lái)幫我們處理數(shù)據(jù)了（當(dāng)然代碼你還是得寫(xiě)的）。

從整個(gè)Hadoop分布式集群環(huán)境的搭建到使用的過(guò)程中，可以看到除了搭建與偽分布式有些許區(qū)別外，在使用上基本是一模一樣的。所以也建議在學(xué)習(xí)的情況下使用偽分布式環(huán)境即可，畢竟集群的環(huán)境比較復(fù)雜，容易出現(xiàn)節(jié)點(diǎn)間通信障礙的問(wèn)題。

轉(zhuǎn)載于:https://my.oschina.net/langwanghuangshifu/blog/2231251

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