php mariadb mysql.sock_(LNMP) Nginx_PHP_MariaDB
L用的是Centos7.5以上，主要是NMP三組件的安裝記錄。
通常會先安裝一下依賴：
yum install -y pcre-devel zlib-devel openssl-devel
使用yum或rpm方式安裝MariaDB
# 保留緩存軟件包
#sudo vim /etc/yum.conf
cachedir=/var/cache/yum/$basearch/$releasever
keepcache=1
# 防火墻先關為敬
systemctl stop firewalld.service
systemctl disable firewalld.service
#------------------最簡單的 yum 安裝,默認版本5.5.64 -------------------------
yum install mariadb mariadb-server
systemctl start mariadb
netstat -nltp # 找3306
# vim /etc/my.cnf --[mysqld]下增加一行:
innodb_file_per_table=1
systemctl restart mariadb
mysql
use mysql;
grant all PRIVILEGES on *.* to 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456' with grant option;
grant all PRIVILEGES on *.* to 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456' with grant option;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
# 如果修改了 /etc/my.cnf 后，啟動mysql 時出錯：?ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket
# 則需要編輯 /etc/my.cnf.d/client.cnf 文件，在[client]下添加：
port=3306
socket=/data/mariadb/mysql.sock
# 指向正確的 sock 和端口
# ------------離線下載安裝 rpm 的 5.5.64 版本---------------------------------
# https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mariadb//mariadb-5.5.65/yum/centos74-amd64/rpms/
# https://mariadb.com/kb/en/library/installing-mariadb-with-the-rpm-tool/# 可能要下載以下rpm包
MariaDB-client-5.5.65-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
MariaDB-client-debuginfo-5.5.65-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
MariaDB-server-debuginfo-5.5.65-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
MariaDB-devel-5.5.65-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
MariaDB-server-5.5.65-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
MariaDB-shared-5.5.65-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
MariaDB-test-5.5.65-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
MariaDB-common-5.5.65-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
MariaDB-compat-5.5.65-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
libzstd-1.3.4-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
galera-25.3.26-1.rhel7.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
jemalloc-3.6.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
jemalloc-devel-3.6.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -Uvh --force --nodeps *.rpm
#./bin/mysqladmin -u root password '123456'#./bin/mysqladmin -u root -h evxapp01 password '123456'#Alternatively you can run:
#./bin/mysql_secure_installation
./bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=mysql 后續設置同上.
# ------------- 使用官方推薦的 yum 方式安裝 10.4.8 -----------------------------
curl -sS https://downloads.mariadb.com/MariaDB/mariadb_repo_setup | sudo bash
# 成功后, 編輯 /etc/yum.repos.d/mariadb.repo 更改一下 url 國內源. 比如清華,其它不改。如果網速夠快，可以不改。
[mariadb-main]name=MariaDB Server
baseurl= https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mariadb/mariadb-10.4.8/yum/rhel/$releasever/$basearch
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/MariaDB-Server-GPG-KEY
gpgcheck= 1enabled= 1
[mariadb-maxscale]# To use the latest stable release of MaxScale, use "latest"as the version
# To use the latest beta (or stable if no current beta) release of MaxScale, use "beta"as the version
name=MariaDB MaxScale
baseurl= https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/MaxScale/2.4/centos/$releasever/$basearch
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/MariaDB-MaxScale-GPG-KEY
gpgcheck= 1enabled= 1
[mariadb-tools]name=MariaDB Tools
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/Tools/rhel/$releasever/$basearch
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/MariaDB-Enterprise-GPG-KEY
gpgcheck= 1enabled= 1
# 然后就可以直接 yum?安裝 10.4.8 了。因為上面的文件里寫的是 10.4.8?版本
yum install MariaDB-server galera-4 MariaDB-client MariaDB-shared MariaDB-backup MariaDB-common
# 配置文件同上.
# 啟動 狀態 停止 重啟 開機啟動
systemctl start mariadb
systemctl status mariadb
systemctl stop mariadb
systemctl restart mariadb
systemctl enable mariadb
二進制程序包 tar 安裝 MariaDB 供參考：
(1) 準備用戶
groupadd-r -g 306mysql
useradd-r -g 306 -u 306 -m -d /data/mysqldb mysql
(2) 準備數據目錄
以/data/mysqldb為例，建議使用邏輯卷chown mysql:mysql /data/mysqldbchmod 700 /data/mysqldb
(3) 準備二進制程序tar xf mariadb-10.2.15-linux-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local #/usr/local是程序包指定的目錄，必須解壓在這里
cd/usr/local;ln -sv mariadb-10.2.15mysqlchown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/(4) 準備配置文件mkdir /etc/mysql/
cp support-files/my-huge.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf
#/usr/local/mysql/support-files下有很多my-*.cnf文件，分別對應不同的內存大小，可打開看看，選擇對應自己機器的拷貝就行
vim/etc/mysql/my.cnf
[mysqld]中添加三個選項：
datadir= /data/mysqldb
innodb_file_per_table=on # 可不加
skip_name_resolve=on # 禁止主機名解析，建議使用，不加也可
(5) 創建數據庫文件
cd/usr/local/mysql/./scripts/mysql_install_db --datadir=/data/mysqldb --user=mysql
(6) 準備日志文件touch /var/log/mysqld.logchown mysql:mysql /var/log/mysqld.log
(7) 準備服務腳本，并啟動服務cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
chkconfig--add mysqld
service mysqld start
(8) 安全初始化/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_secure_installation
(9) 添加環境變量echo PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh./etc/profile.d/mysql.shmysql-uroot -p
-- use mysql;
-- grant all PRIVILEGES on *.* to 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456' with grant option;
-- grant all PRIVILEGES on *.* to 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456' with grant option;
-- FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
解決ibdata1體積太大問題
# 備份全部庫
mysqldump-uroot -p123456 --all-databases --add-drop-table > /opt/all.sql
# vim/etc/my.cnf --[mysqld]下增加一行:
innodb_file_per_table=1# 重啟服務
systemctl restart mariadb
mysql-uroot -p123456
show variables like'%per_table%'; --得到 ON 即開啟成功
# 刪除 ibdata1
cd/var/lib/mysqlrm -rf ib_logfile*
rm -rf ibdata1
# 重啟服務
systemctl restart mariadb
# 導入數據
mysql-uroot -p123456 < /opt/all.sql
安裝與配置nginx1.17.4
systemctl status firewalld.service
systemctl stop firewalld.service
systemctl disable firewalld.service
systemctl status firewalld.servicetar zxf nginx-1.17.4.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.17.4/./configure --prefix=/opt/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-openssl=/usr/bin/opensslmake & make installvim/etc/profile
PATH=/opt/nginx/sbin:$PATH
export PATH
./etc/profile
useradd nginxpasswdnginx
cd/opt/
chown -R nginx:nginx nginx/
ln -s /opt/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/bin/nginx
cd/
# 修改conf/nginx.conf 文件,并啟用PHP
user nginx;worker_processes auto;error_log logs/error.log info;pid logs/nginx.pid;events {
use epoll; worker_connections 16384;}
http {
include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream;log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user[$time_local] "$request"'
'$status $body_bytes_sent"$http_referer"'
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for" "$request_time"';sendfile on; tcp_nopush on;keepalive_timeout65; types_hash_max_size 2048;server {
listen80; server_name _;location / {
root html; index index.html index.htm index.php;}
error_page500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location =/50x.html {
root html;}
location ~ \.php$ {
root html; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params;}
}
}
sunginxsudo nginx -t
# 啟用PHP解析后，如果瀏覽器出現 File not found . 需要檢查nginx.conf配置文件
# 可能需要將 $document_root 改成絕對路徑。例如下面的配置就改成了/webapp/www
location ~* \.php$ {
fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; include fastcgi_params; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /webapp/www$fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name; }
安裝與配置PHP7.2.22
cd /opttar zxf php-7.2.22.tar.gz
cd php-7.2.22
安裝依賴
yum install -y autoconf gcc gcc-c++ libxml2 libxml2-devel openssl openssl-devel \
bzip2 bzip2-devel libcurl libcurl-devel libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel \
freetype freetype-devel gmp gmp-devel libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel readline readline-devel \
libxslt libxslt-devel
因為要安裝 MediaWiki,?所以再安裝依賴 APCu, icu, intl
# 下載 https://pecl.php.net/package/APCu
# 下載 https://github.com/unicode-org/icu 或者git
# icu需要在php編譯之前安裝，成功后就可以在編譯PHP時直接使用。
tar xf icu4c-52_1-src.tgz
cd icu/source
mkdir /usr/local/icu
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/icu
make && make install
# PHP編譯時 --enable-intl --with-icu-dir=/usr/local/icu
# 直接帶上intl擴展。# apcu 需要在php安裝之后安裝。安裝完后需要重啟 php-fpm
tar zxf apcu-5.1.17.tgz
cd apcu-5.1.17phpize #/usr/local/php/bin/phpize
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-configmake && make install
# /etc/php.ini中添加引用：
extension=apcu.so
apc.enabled=on
apc.shm_size=128M
apc.enable_cli=on
/etc/init.d/php-fpm restart# 如果時編譯時沒有intl,事后安裝，則如下執行：
cd /opt/php-7.2.22/ext/intl
make clean
phpize
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config --enable-intl --with-icu-dir=/usr/local/icu
make && make install
預編譯:?注意紅色的2項，需要在系統中添加對應的組和用戶，用于啟動php-fpm。?參數?with-config-file-path=/etc?則指定php.ini的位置
cd php-7.2.22
./configure \--prefix=/usr/local/php \--with-config-file-path=/etc \--enable-fpm \--with-fpm-user=nginx \
--with-fpm-group=nginx \--enable-inline-optimization \--disable-debug \--disable-rpath \--enable-shared \--enable-soap \--with-libxml-dir\--with-xmlrpc \--with-openssl \--with-mhash \--with-pcre-regex \--with-sqlite3 \--with-zlib \--enable-bcmath \--with-iconv \--with-bz2 \--enable-calendar \--with-curl \--with-cdb \--enable-dom \--enable-exif \--enable-fileinfo \--enable-filter \--with-pcre-dir\--enable-ftp\--with-gd \--with-openssl-dir\--with-jpeg-dir\--with-png-dir\--with-zlib-dir\--with-freetype-dir\--enable-gd-jis-conv \--with-gettext \--with-gmp \--with-mhash \--enable-json \--enable-mbstring \--enable-mbregex \--enable-mbregex-backtrack \--with-libmbfl \--with-onig \--enable-pdo \--with-mysqli=mysqlnd \--with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \--with-zlib-dir\--with-pdo-sqlite \--with-readline \--enable-session \--enable-shmop \--enable-simplexml \--enable-sockets \--enable-sysvmsg \--enable-sysvsem \--enable-sysvshm \--enable-wddx \--with-libxml-dir\--with-xsl \--enable-zip\--enable-mysqlnd-compression-support \--with-pear \--enable-opcache \
--enable-intl \
--with-icu-dir=/usr/local/icu
編譯如果出錯：
configure: error: off_t undefined; check your library configuration
解決：加入icu/lib路徑 vim /etc/ld.so.conf
/usr/local/lib64
/usr/local/lib
/usr/lib
/usr/lib64
/usr/local/icu/lib
# 保存退出,執行：
ldconfig -v
安裝:
make && make install
添加用戶和組，如果事先沒有此用戶的話：
groupadd nginx
useradd-g nginx
配置并啟動 php-fpm
vi /etc/profile
PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/php/bin
export PATH
source/etc/profile
cd/opt/php7.2.22
cp php.ini-production /etc/php.inicp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.confcp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.confcp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpmchmod +x /etc/init.d/php-fpm/etc/init.d/php-fpm start
/etc/init.d/php-fpm restart
/etc/init.d/php-fpm stop
如果需要 opcache,?操作如下：
yum install -y php-pecl-zendopcache
# 修改配置文件 php.ini
zend_extension=opcache.so
[opcache]
opcache.enable=1# 然后重啟php-fpm 和 nginx
/etc/init.d/php-fpm restart
nginx -s reload
# 最后用 phpinfo() 檢查
選裝 memcached
yum installmemcachedvi /etc/sysconfig/memcached # 調大一些內存用量
systemctl start memcached&&systemctl enable memcached
# 安裝 php 擴展yum install libmemcached libmemcached-devel # 依賴wget https://pecl.php.net/get/memcached-3.1.3.tgz
tar zxf memcached-3.1.3.tgz
cd memcached-3.1.3
/usr/local/php/bin/phpize # php7.2的路徑
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-configmake && make install# 留意路徑信息ls /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20170718/# 是否存在 memcached.sofind / -name php.ini
# 找到 php.ini 在擴展中增加一行：
extension=memcached.so
# 重啟所有的php-fpm進程后，瀏覽器中查看 phpinfo
一個個安裝嫌煩的話,?開發環境也可以使用xampp包
./xampp-linux-x64-7.2.22-0-installer.run
cd/opt/lampp
./lampp security
# 依次設置安全選項.但是最后要手動啟用mysql的遠程連接
#在/opt/lampp/etc/my.cnf 中注釋掉:
#skip-networking
總結
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