程序運(yùn)行結(jié)果如下圖：

XML文檔如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><exam> <student idcard="444" examid="222"> <name>王五</name> <location>沈陽</location> <grade>78</grade> </student> <student idcard="333" examid="444"> <name>大東</name> <location>青島</location> <grade>96</grade> </student> </exam>
代碼如下：

package tom.project; /*** 使用DOM４Ｊ和XPath對xml文檔的添加，刪除，查詢操作*/ import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.util.Scanner;import org.dom4j.Document; import org.dom4j.Element; import org.dom4j.Node; import org.dom4j.io.OutputFormat; import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader; import org.dom4j.io.XMLWriter; import org.junit.Test;public class NewTest {public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {show();}public static void show() throws Exception{NewTest nt = new NewTest();System.out.println("添加用戶：(a) 刪除用戶：(b) 查詢成績(c)");System.out.print("請輸入操作類型：");Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in); String check = sc.next(); //從控制臺(tái)過得操作數(shù)據(jù)if("a".equals(check)){nt.add(); }else if("b".equals(check)){nt.delete();}else if("c".equals(check)){nt.check(); }else{System.out.println("你輸入的類型錯(cuò)誤，請輸入a或b或c");show();}}//添加學(xué)生信息@Testpublic void add() throws Exception{//初始化變量String na="王五",address="佛山";String examId = "555",idCard= "444";String grade = "88";Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);System.out.print("請輸入學(xué)生姓名：");na = sc.next();System.out.print("請輸入學(xué)生準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)：");examId = sc.next();System.out.print("請輸入學(xué)生身份證號(hào)：");idCard = sc.next();System.out.print("請輸入學(xué)生所在地：");address = sc.next();System.out.print("請輸入學(xué)生成績：");grade = sc.next();Document doc = read();Element root = doc.getRootElement(); //獲得根標(biāo)簽Element stu = root.addElement("student"); //獲取student標(biāo)簽stu.addAttribute("idcard", idCard); //添加idcard的屬性idCardstu.addAttribute("examid", examId);Element name = stu.addElement("name"); //添加name標(biāo)簽name.setText(na); //為name標(biāo)簽添加文本Element location = stu.addElement("location");location.setText(address);Element gra = stu.addElement("grade");gra.setText(grade); //寫進(jìn)文檔write(doc);System.out.println("------添加數(shù)據(jù)成功---------");show();}//查詢學(xué)生信息@Testpublic void check() throws Exception{System.out.print("請輸入查詢的學(xué)生準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)：");Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);String examid = sc.next();SAXReader sr = new SAXReader(); Document doc = sr.read("./src/exam.xml");String xpath = "";xpath = "//student[@examid='"+examid+"']";Element el = (Element)doc.selectSingleNode(xpath);System.out.println(el.getName());//獲取用戶姓名Element name = el.element("name");System.out.print("姓名:" + name.getText()+", ");//獲取身份證號(hào)碼String id = el.attributeValue("idcard");System.out.print("身份證號(hào)碼："+id+", ");//獲取準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)碼String ex = el.attributeValue("examid");System.out.print("準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)碼："+ex+", ");//獲取地區(qū)Element location =el.element("location");System.out.print("地區(qū)：" +location.getText()+", ");//獲取成績Element grade =el.element("grade");System.out.print("成績：" + grade.getText());System.out.println();System.out.println("---------查詢數(shù)據(jù)成功--------");System.out.print("是否返回主界面（y/n)：");String y = sc.next();if("y".equalsIgnoreCase(y)){show();}elseSystem.out.println("好的，不返回，你喜歡逗留多久就多久，我不反對~");}//刪除標(biāo)簽@Testpublic void delete() throws Exception{System.out.print("請輸入要?jiǎng)h除的學(xué)生姓名：");Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);String name = sc.next();Document doc = read(); Element root = doc.getRootElement();String path = "";path = "//name[text()='"+name+"']";Element el = (Element)doc.selectSingleNode(path); System.out.println(el.getData());el.getParent().detach();//寫進(jìn)文檔write(doc);System.out.println("---------已成功刪除學(xué)生信息--------");System.out.print("是否返回主界面（y/n)：");String y = sc.next();if("y".equalsIgnoreCase(y)){show();}elseSystem.out.println("好的，不返回，你喜歡逗留多久就多久，我不反對~");}//讀取文檔public Document read() throws Exception{SAXReader sr = new SAXReader(); Document doc = sr.read("./src/exam.xml"); //根據(jù)路徑讀取xmlreturn doc; }//寫進(jìn)文檔public void write(Document doc) throws Exception{XMLWriter writer = new XMLWriter(new FileOutputStream("./src/exam.xml"),OutputFormat.createPrettyPrint());writer.write(doc); //寫進(jìn)文檔writer.close(); //關(guān)閉流資源} }

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