C++ map
??Map是c++的一個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)容器,她提供了很好一對(duì)一的關(guān)系,在一些程序中建立一個(gè)map可以起到事半功倍的效果,總結(jié)了一些map基本簡(jiǎn)單實(shí)用的操作!
1.?map最基本的構(gòu)造函數(shù);
??map<string , int >mapstring;????????map<int ,string >mapint;
??map<sring, char>mapstring;????????map< char ,string>mapchar;
??map<char ,int>mapchar;???????????map<int ,char >mapint;
2.?map添加數(shù)據(jù);
??map<int ,string> maplive;??
??1.maplive.insert(pair<int,string>(102,"aclive"));
??2.maplive.insert(map<int,string>::value_type(321,"hai"));
??3, maplive[112]="April";//map中最簡(jiǎn)單最常用的插入添加!
3,map中元素的查找:
??find()函數(shù)返回一個(gè)迭代器指向鍵值為key的元素,如果沒找到就返回指向map尾部的迭代器。????????
??map<int ,string >::iterator l_it;;?
???l_it=maplive.find(112);
???if(l_it==maplive.end())
???????????????cout<<"we do not find 112"<<endl;
??else cout<<"wo find 112"<<endl;
4,map中元素的刪除:
??如果刪除112;
??map<int ,string >::iterator l_it;;
??l_it=maplive.find(112);
??if(l_it==maplive.end())
???????cout<<"we do not find 112"<<endl;
??else?maplive.erase(l_it);?//delete 112;
5,map中 swap的用法:
?Map中的swap不是一個(gè)容器中的元素交換,而是兩個(gè)容器交換;
?For example:
?#include <map>
?#include <iostream>
??using namespace std;
?int main( )
?{
?????map <int, int> m1, m2, m3;
?????map <int, int>::iterator m1_Iter;
??????m1.insert ( pair <int, int>?( 1, 10 ) );
????m1.insert ( pair <int, int>?( 2, 20 ) );
????m1.insert ( pair <int, int>?( 3, 30 ) );
?????m2.insert ( pair <int, int>?( 10, 100 ) );
?????m2.insert ( pair <int, int>?( 20, 200 ) );
?????m3.insert ( pair <int, int>?( 30, 300 ) );
??cout << "The original map m1 is:";
??for ( m1_Iter = m1.begin( ); m1_Iter != m1.end( ); m1_Iter++ )
?????cout << " " << m1_Iter->second;
?????cout??<< "." << endl;
??// This is the member function version of swap
??//m2 is said to be the argument map; m1 the target map
??m1.swap( m2 );
??cout << "After swapping with m2, map m1 is:";
??for ( m1_Iter = m1.begin( ); m1_Iter != m1.end( ); m1_Iter++ )
?????cout << " " << m1_Iter -> second;
?????cout?<< "." << endl;
??cout << "After swapping with m2, map m2 is:";
??for ( m1_Iter = m2.begin( ); m1_Iter != m2.end( ); m1_Iter++ )
?????cout << " " << m1_Iter -> second;
?????cout?<< "." << endl;
??// This is the specialized template version of swap
??swap( m1, m3 );
??cout << "After swapping with m3, map m1 is:";
??for ( m1_Iter = m1.begin( ); m1_Iter != m1.end( ); m1_Iter++ )
?????cout << " " << m1_Iter -> second;
?????cout??<< "." << endl;
}
6.map的sort問題:
?Map中的元素是自動(dòng)按key升序排序,所以不能對(duì)map用sort函數(shù):
?For example:
?#include <map>
?#include <iostream>
??using namespace std;
?int main( )
?{
???map <int, int> m1;
??map <int, int>::iterator m1_Iter;
??m1.insert ( pair <int, int>?( 1, 20 ) );
??m1.insert ( pair <int, int>?( 4, 40 ) );
??m1.insert ( pair <int, int>?( 3, 60 ) );
??m1.insert ( pair <int, int>?( 2, 50 ) );
??m1.insert ( pair <int, int>?( 6, 40 ) );
??m1.insert ( pair <int, int>?( 7, 30 ) );
??cout << "The original map m1 is:"<<endl;
??for ( m1_Iter = m1.begin( ); m1_Iter != m1.end( ); m1_Iter++ )
?????cout <<?m1_Iter->first<<" "<<m1_Iter->second<<endl;
??
}
?The original map m1 is:
?1 20
?2 50
?3 60
?4 40
?6 40
?7 30
?請(qǐng)按任意鍵繼續(xù). . .
7,??map的基本操作函數(shù):
??????C++ Maps是一種關(guān)聯(lián)式容器,包含“關(guān)鍵字/值”對(duì)
?????begin()?????????返回指向map頭部的迭代器
?????clear()????????刪除所有元素
?????count()?????????返回指定元素出現(xiàn)的次數(shù)
?????empty()?????????如果map為空則返回true
?????end()???????????返回指向map末尾的迭代器
??????equal_range()???返回特殊條目的迭代器對(duì)
??????erase()?????????刪除一個(gè)元素
?????find()??????????查找一個(gè)元素
?????get_allocator()?返回map的配置器
?????insert()????????插入元素
?????key_comp()??????返回比較元素key的函數(shù)
?????lower_bound()???返回鍵值>=給定元素的第一個(gè)位置
??????max_size()??????返回可以容納的最大元素個(gè)數(shù)
?????rbegin()????????返回一個(gè)指向map尾部的逆向迭代器
?????rend()??????????返回一個(gè)指向map頭部的逆向迭代器
?????size()??????????返回map中元素的個(gè)數(shù)
?????swap()???????????交換兩個(gè)map
?????upper_bound()????返回鍵值>給定元素的第一個(gè)位置
?????value_comp()?????返回比較元素value的函數(shù)
轉(zhuǎn)載于:https://blog.51cto.com/yuzwei/1656143
總結(jié)
- 上一篇: android tween动画效果
- 下一篇: 02.centos6.4找不到ifcfg