預備工作：

OS：Centos7.1

DATABASE: mysql-5.6.30.tar.gz

wget http://ftp.ntu.edu.tw/MySQL/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.30.tar.gz

1. 創建mysql帳號

創建用戶和用戶組

[root@localhost ~]# groupadd mysql

[root@localhost ~]# useradd -g mysql mysql

[root@localhost ~]# passwd mysql

2.驗證安裝包

解壓mysql源碼包mysql-5.6.30.tar.gz

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /opt/mysql-5.6/

[root@localhost ~]# tar zxvf mysql-5.6.30.tar.gz -C /opt/mysql-5.6

[root@localhost ~]# cd /opt/mysql-5.6/

驗證之前是否安裝過mysql，若存在mysql相關包，則rpm -e逐個刪除(建議先刪devel包，再mysql包，最后強制刪除libs包,centos 7默認為中為mariadb.*，依次刪除)

[root@localhost mysql-5.6]# rpm -qa|grep mysql

再驗證以下編譯必備安裝包是否安裝：

gcc* gcc-c++* cmake autoconf* automake* zlib* ncurses-devel* libtool* bison

wKiom1eF0Y-DRDgNAACpVNxcfKc895.jpg-wh_50

當缺少相關安裝包時，需要通過rpm -ivh ***.rpm或yum install RPM_NAME安裝

3.源碼編譯過程

[root@localhost mysql-5.6]# cmake .

-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql-5.6 ?#安裝目錄

-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 ? #支持InnoDB引擎

-DWITH-READLINE=1 #支持快捷鍵

-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all ?#安裝所有字符集

-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 ?#從本地導入數據

-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 #編譯Embedded Mysql庫

-DWITH_SSL=bundled ?#

-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 ? ?#默認字符集

[root@localhost mysql-5.6]# make

[root@localhost mysql-5.6]# make install

[root@localhost mysql-5.6]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql-5.6 /usr/local/mysql

4.創建mysql數據目錄及/etc/my.cnf

數據存放目錄，默認為basedir下的data目錄(實際場景下，建議mount專用盤作為data)：

[root@localhost mysql-5.6]# cd /usr/local/mysql

[root@localhost mysql]# mkdir -p /opt/mysql/data1

[root@localhost mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql /opt/mysql

[root@localhost ?mysql]# ?chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql

[root@localhost mysql]# vi /etc/my.cnf

[client]

port = 3306

socket =/opt/mysql/data1/mysqld.sock

[mysqld_safe]

user = mysql

nice = 0

[mysqld]

port = 3306

pid-file = /opt/mysql/data1/mysqld.pid

socket = /opt/mysql/data1/mysqld.sock

basedir = /usr/local/mysql

datadir = /opt/mysql/data1/

tmpdir = /opt/mysql/data1/

log-error = /opt/mysql/data1/mysqld.log

slow_query_log =1

slow_query_log_file = /opt/mysql/data1/mysql-slow.log

log_bin = /opt/mysql/data1/mysql-bin.log

[mysqldump]

quick

quote-names

max_allowed_packet = 16M

default-character-set = utf8

[mysql]

default-character-set = utf8

4.初始化mysql

建議進入/usr/local/mysql目錄下，通過以下方式進行初始化，否則可能會報錯

[root@localhost ?mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf

[root@localhost ?mysql]# ./bin/mysql_secure_installation

5.將mysql服務加入init.d管理

建議進入/usr/local/mysql目錄下，通過以下方式進行初始化，否則可能會報錯

[root@localhost ?mysql]# cp ./bin/mysql /etc/init.d/mysql

[root@localhost ?mysql]# chkconfig --add mysql

[root@localhost ?mysql]# chkconfig mysql on

[root@localhost ?mysql]# chkconfig --list

同時更改環境變量 vi ~/.bash_profile,在PATH變量后添加:/usr/local/mysql/bin

6.啟動mysql服務的幾種方式

mysqld與mysqld_safe的區別在于mysqld_safe宕機后仍能重啟

[root@localhost mysql]# service mysql start

[root@localhost mysql]# mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf &

[root@localhost mysql]# mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf &

Mysql多實例安裝

多實例的幾個好處：mysql多實例共用同一個mysql程序，但是使用不同的配置文件(可以相同)及端口(必須不同)來啟動程序，數據文件存放在不同的文件夾中。這些多實例任務相互獨立， 可以有效的利用資源，實現資源的邏輯隔離。

上述1-6歩主要安裝了使用3306端口的實例，我們同樣可以生成其他端口的實例。這里我們通過以下步驟安裝3310端口的MySQL實例。

1.創建使用3310端口的mysql數據目錄及/etc/my3310.cnf

[root@localhost mysql-5.6]# cd /usr/local/mysql

[root@localhost mysql]# mkdir -p /opt/mysql/data2

[root@localhost mysql]# vi /etc/my3010.cnf

[client]

port = 3310

socket =/opt/mysql/data2/mysqld.sock

[mysqld_safe]

user = mysql

nice = 0

[mysqld]

port = 3310

pid-file = /opt/mysql/data2/mysqld.pid

socket = /opt/mysql/data2/mysqld.sock

basedir = /usr/local/mysql

datadir = /opt/mysql/data2/

tmpdir = /opt/mysql/data2/

log-error = /opt/mysql/data2/mysqld.log

slow_query_log =1

slow_query_log_file = /opt/mysql/data2/mysql-slow.log

log_bin = /opt/mysql/data2/mysql-bin.log

[mysqldump]

quick

quote-names

max_allowed_packet = 16M

default-character-set = utf8

[mysql]

default-character-set = utf8

2.初始化使用3310端口的mysql

建議進入/usr/local/mysql目錄下，通過以下方式進行初始化，否則可能會報錯

[root@localhost mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --defaults-file=/etc/my3310.cnf

[root@localhost mysql]# ./bin/mysql_secure_installation ?--defaults-file=/etc/my3310.cnf

3.編輯多實例mysql的配置文件

[root@localhost mysql]# vi /etc/mysql_multi.cnf

[mysqld_multi]

mysqld = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe

mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin

[mysqld3306]

port = 3306

pid-file = /opt/mysql/data1/mysqld.pid

socket = /opt/mysql/data1/mysqld.sock

basedir = /usr/local/mysql

datadir = /opt/mysql/data1/

tmpdir = /opt/mysql/data1/

log-error = /opt/mysql/data1/mysqld.log

slow_query_log =1

slow_query_log_file = /opt/mysql/data1/mysql-slow.log

log_bin = /opt/mysql/data1/mysql-bin.log

[mysqld3310]

[client]

port = 3310

socket =/opt/mysql/data2/mysqld.sock

[mysqld_safe]

user = mysql

nice = 0

[mysqld]

port = 3310

pid-file = /opt/mysql/data2/mysqld.pid

socket = /opt/mysql/data2/mysqld.sock

basedir = /usr/local/mysql

datadir = /opt/mysql/data2/

tmpdir = /opt/mysql/data2/

log-error = /opt/mysql/data2/mysqld.log

slow_query_log =1

slow_query_log_file = /opt/mysql/data2/mysql-slow.log

log_bin = /opt/mysql/data2/mysql-bin.log

[mysqldump]

quick

quote-names

max_allowed_packet ?= 16M

default-character-set ?= utf8

[mysql]

default-character-set = utf8

4.啟動mysql多實例

[root@localhost mysql]# mysqld_multi --defaults-file=/etc/mysql_multi.cnf start 3306

[root@localhost ?mysql]# ?mysqld_multi ?--defaults-file=/etc/mysql_multi.cnf start 3310

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