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如何安全的存储用户密码？(中)代码篇

發布時間：2025/3/18 编程问答 29 豆豆

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PHP PBKDF2?密碼hash代碼

<?php

?*?Password?Hashing?With?PBKDF2?(http://crackstation.net/hashing-security.htm).

?*?Copyright?(c)?2013,?Taylor?Hornby

?*?All?rights?reserved.

?*?Redistribution?and?use?in?source?and?binary?forms,?with?or?without?

?*?modification,?are?permitted?provided?that?the?following?conditions?are?met:

?*?1.?Redistributions?of?source?code?must?retain?the?above?copyright?notice,?

?*?this?list?of?conditions?and?the?following?disclaimer.

?*?2.?Redistributions?in?binary?form?must?reproduce?the?above?copyright?notice,

?*?this?list?of?conditions?and?the?following?disclaimer?in?the?documentation?

?*?and/or?other?materials?provided?with?the?distribution.

?*?THIS?SOFTWARE?IS?PROVIDED?BY?THE?COPYRIGHT?HOLDERS?AND?CONTRIBUTORS?"AS?IS"?

?*?AND?ANY?EXPRESS?OR?IMPLIED?WARRANTIES,?INCLUDING,?BUT?NOT?LIMITED?TO,?THE?

?*?IMPLIED?WARRANTIES?OF?MERCHANTABILITY?AND?FITNESS?FOR?A?PARTICULAR?PURPOSE?

?*?ARE?DISCLAIMED.?IN?NO?EVENT?SHALL?THE?COPYRIGHT?HOLDER?OR?CONTRIBUTORS?BE?

?*?LIABLE?FOR?ANY?DIRECT,?INDIRECT,?INCIDENTAL,?SPECIAL,?EXEMPLARY,?OR?

?*?CONSEQUENTIAL?DAMAGES?(INCLUDING,?BUT?NOT?LIMITED?TO,?PROCUREMENT?OF?

?*?SUBSTITUTE?GOODS?OR?SERVICES;?LOSS?OF?USE,?DATA,?OR?PROFITS;?OR?BUSINESS?

?*?INTERRUPTION)?HOWEVER?CAUSED?AND?ON?ANY?THEORY?OF?LIABILITY,?WHETHER?IN?

?*?CONTRACT,?STRICT?LIABILITY,?OR?TORT?(INCLUDING?NEGLIGENCE?OR?OTHERWISE)?

?*?ARISING?IN?ANY?WAY?OUT?OF?THE?USE?OF?THIS?SOFTWARE,?EVEN?IF?ADVISED?OF?THE?

?*?POSSIBILITY?OF?SUCH?DAMAGE.

?*/

//?These?constants?may?be?changed?without?breaking?existing?hashes.

define("PBKDF2_HASH_ALGORITHM",?"sha256");

define("PBKDF2_ITERATIONS",?1000);

define("PBKDF2_SALT_BYTE_SIZE",?24);

define("PBKDF2_HASH_BYTE_SIZE",?24);

define("HASH_SECTIONS",?4);

define("HASH_ALGORITHM_INDEX",?0);

define("HASH_ITERATION_INDEX",?1);

define("HASH_SALT_INDEX",?2);

define("HASH_PBKDF2_INDEX",?3);

function?create_hash($password)

{

????//?format:?algorithm:iterations:salt:hash

????$salt?=?base64_encode(mcrypt_create_iv(PBKDF2_SALT_BYTE_SIZE,?MCRYPT_DEV_URANDOM));

????return?PBKDF2_HASH_ALGORITHM?.?":"?.?PBKDF2_ITERATIONS?.?":"?.??$salt?.?":"?.

????????base64_encode(pbkdf2(

????????????PBKDF2_HASH_ALGORITHM,

????????????$password,

????????????$salt,

????????????PBKDF2_ITERATIONS,

????????????PBKDF2_HASH_BYTE_SIZE,

????????????true

????????));

}

function?validate_password($password,?$correct_hash)

{

????$params?=?explode(":",?$correct_hash);

????if(count($params)?<?HASH_SECTIONS)

???????return?false;

????$pbkdf2?=?base64_decode($params[HASH_PBKDF2_INDEX]);

????return?slow_equals(

????????$pbkdf2,

????????pbkdf2(

????????????$params[HASH_ALGORITHM_INDEX],

????????????$password,

????????????$params[HASH_SALT_INDEX],

????????????(int)$params[HASH_ITERATION_INDEX],

????????????strlen($pbkdf2),

????????????true

????????)

????);

}

//?Compares?two?strings?$a?and?$b?in?length-constant?time.

function?slow_equals($a,?$b)

{

????$diff?=?strlen($a)?^?strlen($b);

????for($i?=?0;?$i?<?strlen($a)?&&?$i?<?strlen($b);?$i++)

????{

????????$diff?|=?ord($a[$i])?^?ord($b[$i]);

????}

????return?$diff?===?0;

}

?*?PBKDF2?key?derivation?function?as?defined?by?RSA's?PKCS?#5:?https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2898.txt

?*?$algorithm?-?The?hash?algorithm?to?use.?Recommended:?SHA256

?*?$password?-?The?password.

?*?$salt?-?A?salt?that?is?unique?to?the?password.

?*?$count?-?Iteration?count.?Higher?is?better,?but?slower.?Recommended:?At?least?1000.

?*?$key_length?-?The?length?of?the?derived?key?in?bytes.

?*?$raw_output?-?If?true,?the?key?is?returned?in?raw?binary?format.?Hex?encoded?otherwise.

?*?Returns:?A?$key_length-byte?key?derived?from?the?password?and?salt.

?*?Test?vectors?can?be?found?here:?https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc6070.txt

?*?This?implementation?of?PBKDF2?was?originally?created?by?https://defuse.ca

?*?With?improvements?by?http://www.variations-of-shadow.com

?*/

function?pbkdf2($algorithm,?$password,?$salt,?$count,?$key_length,?$raw_output?=?false)

{

????$algorithm?=?strtolower($algorithm);

????if(!in_array($algorithm,?hash_algos(),?true))

????????trigger_error('PBKDF2?ERROR:?Invalid?hash?algorithm.',?E_USER_ERROR);

????if($count?<=?0?||?$key_length?<=?0)

????????trigger_error('PBKDF2?ERROR:?Invalid?parameters.',?E_USER_ERROR);

????if?(function_exists("hash_pbkdf2"))?{

????????//?The?output?length?is?in?NIBBLES?(4-bits)?if?$raw_output?is?false!

????????if?(!$raw_output)?{

????????????$key_length?=?$key_length?*?2;

????????}

????????return?hash_pbkdf2($algorithm,?$password,?$salt,?$count,?$key_length,?$raw_output);

????}

????$hash_length?=?strlen(hash($algorithm,?"",?true));

????$block_count?=?ceil($key_length?/?$hash_length);

????$output?=?"";

????for($i?=?1;?$i?<=?$block_count;?$i++)?{

????????//?$i?encoded?as?4?bytes,?big?endian.

????????$last?=?$salt?.?pack("N",?$i);

????????//?first?iteration

????????$last?=?$xorsum?=?hash_hmac($algorithm,?$last,?$password,?true);

????????//?perform?the?other?$count?-?1?iterations

????????for?($j?=?1;?$j?<?$count;?$j++)?{

????????????$xorsum?^=?($last?=?hash_hmac($algorithm,?$last,?$password,?true));

????????}

????????$output?.=?$xorsum;

????}

????if($raw_output)

????????return?substr($output,?0,?$key_length);

????else

????????return?bin2hex(substr($output,?0,?$key_length));

}

java PBKDF2?密碼hash代碼

/*?