?

date_now=`date?+%s`?可在shell腳本里面賦給變量值

常用參數如下：

%% 輸出%符號 %a 當前域的星期縮寫 (Sun..Sat) %A 當前域的星期全寫 (Sunday..Saturday) %b 當前域的月份縮寫(Jan..Dec) %B 當前域的月份全稱 (January..December) %c 當前域的默認時間格式 (Sat Nov 04 12:02:33 EST 1989) %C n百年 [00-99] %d 兩位的天 (01..31) %D 短時間格式 (mm/dd/yy) %e 短格式天 ( 1..31) %F 文件時間格式 same as %Y-%m-%d %h same as %b %H 24小時制的小時 (00..23) %I 12小時制的小時 (01..12) %j 一年中的第幾天 (001..366) %k 短格式24小時制的小時 ( 0..23) %l 短格式12小時制的小時 ( 1..12) %m 雙位月份 (01..12) %M 雙位分鐘 (00..59) %n 換行 %N 十億分之一秒(000000000..999999999) %p 大寫的當前域的上下午指示 (blank in many locales) %P 小寫的當前域的上下午指示 (blank in many locales) %r 12小時制的時間表示（時:分:秒,雙位） time, 12-hour (hh:mm:ss [AP]M) %R 24小時制的時間表示 （時:分,雙位）time, 24-hour (hh:mm) %s 自基礎時間 1970-01-01 00:00:00 到當前時刻的秒數(a GNU extension) %S 雙位秒 second (00..60); %t 橫向制表位(tab) %T 24小時制時間表示(hh:mm:ss) %u 數字表示的星期（從星期一開始 1-7） %U 一年中的第幾周星期天為開始 (00..53) %V 一年中的第幾周星期一為開始 (01..53) %w 一周中的第幾天 星期天為開始 (0..6) %W 一年中的第幾周星期一為開始 (00..53) %x 本地日期格式 (mm/dd/yy) %X 本地時間格式 (%H:%M:%S) %y 兩位的年(00..99) %Y 年 (1970…)

?

如：

在shell中根據時間戳生成文件名：

FILENAME="item_detail_"`date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S`".txt" echo $FILENAME

結果如下：

item_detail_20140507031200.txt

?

?

---

可使用【man?date】命令看一下官方說明：

?Commands?Reference,?Volume?2,?d?-?h

date?Command

Purpose

???????Displays?or?sets?the?date?or?time.

Syntax

To?Set?the?Date?and?Time?as?Root?User

???????/usr/bin/date?[?-n?]?[?-u?]?[?Date?]?[?+FieldDescriptor?...?]

To?Display?the?Date?and?Time

???????/usr/bin/date?[?-u?]?[?+FieldDescriptor?...?]

To?adjust?the?Time?in?Seconds?as?root?User

???????/usr/bin/date?[?-a?[?+?|?-?]sss[.fff?]

Description
???????Attention:?Do?not?change?the?date?when?the?system?is?running?with?more?than?one?user.

???????The?date?command?writes?the?current?date?and?time?to?standard?output?if?called?with?no?flags?or?with?a?flag?list?that?begins?with?a?+?(plus
???????sign).?Otherwise,?it?sets?the?current?date.?Only?a?root?user?can?change?the?date?and?time.?The?date?command?prints?out?the?usage?message?on
???????any?unrecognized?flags?or?input.

???????The?following?formats?can?be?used?when?setting?the?date?with?the?Date?parameter:
???????*????mmddHHMM[YYyy]
???????*????mmddHHMM[yy]

???????The?variables?to?the?Date?parameter?are?defined?as?follows:
???????mm
????????????Specifies?the?month?number.
???????dd
????????????Specifies?the?number?of?the?day?in?the?month.
???????HH
????????????Specifies?the?hour?in?the?day?(using?a?24-hour?clock).
???????MM
????????????Specifies?the?minute?number.
???????YY
????????????Specifies?the?first?two?digits?of?the?year.?Note:?If?you?do?not?specify?the?first?two?digits?of?the?year,?values?in?the?range?69?to?99
????????????refer?to?the?twentieth?century,?1969?to?1999?inclusive,?and?values?in?the?range?00?to?68?refer?to?years?in?the?twenty-first?century,
????????????2000?to?2068?inclusive.
???????yy
????????????Specifies?the?last?two?digits?of?the?year.?Note:?The?date?command?accepts?a?4?digit?year?as?input.?For?example,?if?a?four-digit?year?is
????????????specified,?the?date?command?tries?to?set?the?year?to?"YYyy"?and?fails?for?values?which?are?out?of?range?(less?than?1970?and?greater?than
????????????2037).

???????The?current?year?is?used?as?the?default?value?when?the?year?is?not?specified.?The?system?operates?in?Coordinated?Universal?Time?(CUT).

???????If?you?follow?the?date?command?with?a?+?(plus?sign)?and?a?field?descriptor,?you?can?control?the?output?of?the?command.?You?must?precede?each
???????field?descriptor?with?a?%?(percent?sign).?The?system?replaces?the?field?descriptor?with?the?specified?value.?Enter?a?literal?%?as?%%?(two
???????percent?signs).?The?date?command?copies?any?other?characters?to?the?output?without?change.?The?date?command?always?ends?the?string?with?a
???????new-line?character.

Flags

???????-a?[?+?|?-?]sss[.fff?]
????????????Slowly?adjusts?the?time?by?sss.fff?seconds?(fff?represents?fractions?of?a?second).?This?adjustment?can?be?positive?or?negative.?The
????????????system's?clock?will?be?sped?up?or?slowed?down?until?it?has?drifted?by?the?number?of?seconds?specified.
???????-n
????????????Does?not?set?the?time?globally?on?all?machines?in?a?local?area?network?that?have?their?clocks?synchronized.
???????-u
????????????Displays?or?sets?the?time?in?Coordinated?Universal?Time?(CUT).

Field?Descriptors

???????%a
????????????Displays?the?locale's?abbreviated?weekday?name.
???????%A
????????????Displays?the?locale's?full?weekday?name.
???????%b
????????????Displays?the?locale's?abbreviated?month?name.
???????%B
????????????Displays?the?locale's?full?month?name.
???????%c
????????????Displays?the?locale's?appropriate?date?and?time?representation.?This?is?the?default.
???????%C
????????????Displays?the?first?two?digits?of?the?four-digit?year?as?a?decimal?number?(00-99).?A?year?is?divided?by?100?and?truncated?to?an?integer.
???????%d
????????????Displays?the?day?of?the?month?as?a?decimal?number?(01-31).?In?a?two-digit?field,?a?0?is?used?as?leading?space?fill.
???????%D
????????????Displays?the?date?in?the?format?equivalent?to?%m/%d/%y.
???????%e
????????????Displays?the?day?of?the?month?as?a?decimal?number?(1-31).?In?a?two-digit?field,?a?blank?space?is?used?as?leading?space?fill.
???????%h
????????????Displays?the?locale's?abbreviated?month?name?(a?synonym?for?%b).
???????%H
????????????Displays?the?hour?(24-hour?clock)?as?a?decimal?number?(00-23).
???????%I
????????????Displays?the?hour?(12-hour?clock)?as?a?decimal?number?(01-12).
???????%j
????????????Displays?the?day?of?year?as?a?decimal?number?(001-366).
???????%k
????????????Displays?the?24-hour-clock?hour?clock?as?a?right-justified,?space-filled?number?(?0?to?23).
???????%m
????????????Displays?the?month?of?year?as?a?decimal?number?(01-12).
???????%M
????????????Displays?the?minutes?as?a?decimal?number?(00-59).
???????%n
????????????Inserts?a?<new-line>?character.
???????%p
????????????Displays?the?locale's?equivalent?of?either?AM?or?PM.
???????%r
????????????Displays?12-hour?clock?time?(01-12)?using?the?AM-PM?notation;?in?the?POSIX?locale,?this?is?equivalent?to?%I:%M:%S?%p.
???????%S
????????????Displays?the?seconds?as?a?decimal?number?(00-?59).
???????%s
????????????Displays?the?number?of?seconds?since?January?1,?1970,?Coordinated?Universal?Time?(CUT).
???????%t
????????????Inserts?a?<tab>?character.
???????%T
????????????Displays?the?24-hour?clock?(00-23)?in?the?format?equivalent?to?HH:MM:SS?.
???????%u
????????????Displays?the?weekday?as?a?decimal?number?from?1-7?(Sunday?=?7).?Refer?to?the?%w?field?descriptor.

???????%U
????????????Displays?week?of?the?year(Sunday?as?the?first?day?of?the?week)?as?a?decimal?number[00?-?53]?.?All?days?in?a?new?year?preceding?the?first
????????????Sunday?are?considered?to?be?in?week?0.
???????%V
????????????Displays?the?week?of?the?year?as?a?decimal?number?from?01-53?(Monday?is?used?as?the?first?day?of?the?week).?If?the?week?containing
????????????January?1?has?four?or?more?days?in?the?new?year,?then?it?is?considered?week?01;?otherwise,?it?is?week?53?of?the?previous?year.
???????%w
????????????Displays?the?weekday?as?a?decimal?number?from?0-6?(Sunday?=?0).?Refer?to?the?%u?field?descriptor.
???????%W
????????????Displays?the?week?number?of?the?year?as?a?decimal?number?(00-53)?counting?Monday?as?the?first?day?of?the?week.
???????%x
????????????Displays?the?locale's?appropriate?date?representation.
???????%X
????????????Displays?the?locale's?appropriate?time?representation.
???????%y
????????????Displays?the?last?two?numbers?of?the?year?(00-99).
???????%Y
????????????Displays?the?four-digit?year?as?a?decimal?number.
???????%Z
????????????Displays?the?time-zone?name,?or?no?characters?if?no?time?zone?is?determinable.
???????%%
????????????Displays?a?%?(percent?sign)?character.

Modified?Field?Descriptors

???????The?%E?and?%O?field?descriptors?can?be?modified?to?indicate?a?different?format?or?specification,?as?described?in?LC_TIME?Category?for?the
???????Locale?Definition?Source?File?Format?in?AIX?5L?Version?5.3?Files?Reference.?If?the?corresponding?keyword?(see?the?era,?era_year,?era_d_fmt,
???????and?alt_digits?keywords)?is?not?specified?or?not?supported?for?the?current?locale,?the?unmodified?field?descriptor?value?is?used.
???????%Ec
????????????Displays?the?locale's?alternative?appropriate?date?and?time?representation.
???????%EC
????????????Displays?the?name?of?the?base?year?(or?other?time?period)?in?the?locale's?alternative?representation.
???????%Ex
????????????Displays?the?locale's?alternative?date?representation.
???????%EX
????????????Displays?the?locale's?alternative?time?representation.
???????%Ey
????????????Displays?the?offset?from?the?%EC?field?descriptor?(year?only)?in?the?locale's?alternative?representation.
???????%EY
????????????Displays?the?full?alternative?year?representation.
???????%Od
????????????Displays?the?day?of?the?month?using?the?locale's?alternative?numeric?symbols.
???????%Oe
????????????Displays?the?day?of?the?month?using?the?locale's?alternative?numeric?symbols.
???????%OH
????????????Displays?the?hour?(24-hour?clock)?using?the?locale's?alternative?numeric?symbols.
???????%OI
????????????Displays?the?hour?(12-hour?clock)?using?the?locale's?alternative?numeric?symbols.
???????%Om
????????????Displays?the?month?using?the?locale's?alternative?numeric?symbols.
???????%OM
????????????Displays?minutes?using?the?locale's?alternative?numeric?symbols.
???????%OS
????????????Displays?seconds?using?the?locale's?alternative?numeric?symbols.
???????%Ou
????????????Displays?the?weekday?as?a?number?in?the?locale's?alternative?representation?(Monday=1).
???????%OU
????????????Displays?the?week?number?of?the?year?using?the?locale's?alternative?numeric?symbols.?Sunday?is?considered?the?first?day?of?the?week.

???????%OV
????????????Displays?the?week?number?of?the?year?using?the?locale's?alternative?numeric?symbols.?Monday?is?considered?the?first?day?of?the?week.
???????%Ow
????????????Displays?the?weekday?as?a?number?in?the?locale's?alternative?representation?(Sunday?=0).
???????%OW
????????????Displays?the?week?number?of?the?year?using?the?locale's?alternative?numeric?symbols.?Monday?is?considered?the?first?day?of?the?week.
???????%Oy
????????????Displays?the?year?(offset?from?%C)?in?alternative?representation.

Exit?Status

???????This?command?returns?the?following?exit?values:
???????0
????????????The?date?was?written?successfully.
???????>0
????????????An?error?occurred.

Examples
???????1????To?display?current?date?and?time,?enter:

????????????date
???????2????To?set?the?date?and?time,?enter:

????????????date?0217142590

????????????For?a?system?using?CST?as?its?time?zone,?this?sets?the?date?and?time?to?Sat?Feb?17?14:25:00?CST?1990.?Note:?You?must?have?root?authority
????????????to?change?the?date?and?time.
???????3????To?display?the?date?and?time?in?a?specified?format,?enter:

????????????date?+"%r?%a?%d?%h?%y?(Julian?Date:?%j)"

????????????This?displays?the?date?shown?in?Example?2?as:

????????????02:25:03?PM?Fri?17?Feb?90?(Julian?Date:?048)

Environment?Variables

???????The?following?environment?variables?affect?the?execution?of?the?date?command.
???????LANG
????????????Determines?the?locale?to?use?when?both?LC_ALL?and?the?corresponding?environment?variable?(beginning?with?LC_)?do?not?specify?a?locale.
???????LC_ALL
????????????Determines?the?locale?to?be?used?to?override?any?values?for?locale?categories?specified?by?the?setting?of?LANG?or?any?environment
????????????variable?beginning?with?LC_.
???????LC_CTYPE
????????????Determines?the?locale?for?the?interpretation?of?sequences?of?bytes?of?text?data?as?characters?(for?example,?single?versus?multibyte
????????????character?in?an?argument).
???????LC_MESSAGES
????????????Determines?the?language?in?which?messages?should?be?written.
???????LC_TIME
????????????Determines?the?contents?of?date?and?time?strings?written?by?date.
???????NLSPATH
????????????Determines?the?location?of?message?catalogues?for?the?processing?of?LC_MESSAGES.
???????TZ
????????????Specifies?the?time?zone?in?which?the?time?and?date?are?written,?unless?the?-u?option?is?specified.?If?the?TZ?variable?is?not?set?and?the
????????????-u?flag?is?not?specified,?an?unspecified?system?default?time?zone?is?used.

Related?Information

???????The?environment?file.

???????The?localtime?subroutine,?strftime?subroutine,?time?subroutine.

???????LC_TIME?Category?for?the?Locale?Definition?Source?File?Format?in?AIX?5L?Version?5.3?Files?Reference.

???????Understanding?Locale?in?AIX?5L?Version?5.3?National?Language?Support?Guide?and?Reference?discusses?locale?values.

?

?

轉載于:https://blog.51cto.com/baser/1407458

總結

以上是生活随笔為你收集整理的shell date的全部內容，希望文章能夠幫你解決所遇到的問題。

如果覺得生活随笔網站內容還不錯，歡迎將生活随笔推薦給好友。