WebAPI性能优化之压缩解压
有時候為了提升WebAPI的性能,減少響應時間,我們會使用壓縮和解壓,而現在大多數客戶端瀏覽器都提供了內置的解壓支持。在WebAPI請求的資源越大時,使用壓縮對性能提升的效果越明顯,而當請求的資源很小時則不需要使用壓縮和解壓,因為壓縮和解壓同樣也是需要耗費一定的時間的。
看見老外寫了一篇ASP.NET Web API GZip compression ActionFilter with 8 lines of code
說實話被這標題吸引了,8行代碼實現GZip壓縮過濾器,我就照著他的去實踐了一番,發現居然中文出現亂碼。
按照他的實現方式:
1、下載DotNetZipLib庫
2、解壓后添加Ionic.Zlib.dll的dll引用
3、新建DeflateCompression特性和GZipCompression特性,分別代表Deflate壓縮和GZip壓縮,這兩種壓縮方式的實現代碼很相似
不同的地方就是
actContext.Response.Content.Headers.Add("Content-encoding", "gzip");
actContext.Response.Content.Headers.Add("Content-encoding", "deflate");
和
var compressor = new DeflateStream(output, CompressionMode.Compress,CompressionLevel.BestSpeed)var compressor = new GZipStream(output, CompressionMode.Compress,CompressionLevel.BestSpeed) using System.Net.Http; using System.Web.Http.Filters;namespace WebAPI.Filter {public class GZipCompressionAttribute : ActionFilterAttribute{public override void OnActionExecuted(HttpActionExecutedContext actContext){var content = actContext.Response.Content;var bytes = content == null ? null : content.ReadAsByteArrayAsync().Result;var zlibbedContent = bytes == null ? new byte[0] :CompressionHelper.GZipByte(bytes);actContext.Response.Content = new ByteArrayContent(zlibbedContent);actContext.Response.Content.Headers.Remove("Content-Type");actContext.Response.Content.Headers.Add("Content-encoding", "gzip");actContext.Response.Content.Headers.Add("Content-Type", "application/json");base.OnActionExecuted(actContext);}} } using System.Net.Http; using System.Web.Http.Filters;namespace WebAPI.Filter {public class DeflateCompressionAttribute : ActionFilterAttribute{public override void OnActionExecuted(HttpActionExecutedContext actContext){var content = actContext.Response.Content;var bytes = content == null ? null : content.ReadAsByteArrayAsync().Result;var zlibbedContent = bytes == null ? new byte[0] :CompressionHelper.DeflateByte(bytes);actContext.Response.Content = new ByteArrayContent(zlibbedContent);actContext.Response.Content.Headers.Remove("Content-Type");actContext.Response.Content.Headers.Add("Content-encoding", "deflate");actContext.Response.Content.Headers.Add("Content-Type", "application/json");base.OnActionExecuted(actContext);}}
4、添加一個壓縮幫助類CompressionHelper
using System.IO; using Ionic.Zlib;namespace WebAPI.Filter {public class CompressionHelper{public static byte[] DeflateByte(byte[] str){if (str == null){return null;}using (var output = new MemoryStream()){using (var compressor = new DeflateStream(output, CompressionMode.Compress,CompressionLevel.BestSpeed)){compressor.Write(str, 0, str.Length);}return output.ToArray();}}public static byte[] GZipByte(byte[] str){if (str == null){return null;}using (var output = new MemoryStream()){using (var compressor = new GZipStream(output, CompressionMode.Compress,CompressionLevel.BestSpeed)){compressor.Write(str, 0, str.Length);}return output.ToArray();}}} }5、控制器調用,這里我寫的測試代碼:
public class TestController : ApiController{StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); [GZipCompression]public string Get(int id){for (int i = 0; i < 1000;i++ ){sb.Append("這里是中國的領土" + i);}return sb.ToString() + DateTime.Now.ToLocalTime() + "," + id;}}先看下不使用壓縮,注釋//[GZipCompression] 標記,文件大小是26.4kb,請求時間是1.27s
使用[GZipCompression]標記,添加壓縮后,文件大小是2.4kb,響應時間是1.21,Respouse Body明顯小了很多,但是響應時間少得并不明顯,因為在本地環境下載太快了,而壓縮解壓卻要消耗一定的時間,界面加載的時間主要消耗在onload上了。有個問題:中文顯示亂碼了。
?使用.net自帶的壓縮,在System.IO.Compression中提供了對應的類庫——GZipStream與DeflateStream。控制器調用代碼不變,新建一個CompressContentAttribute.cs類,代碼如下:
using System.Web; using System.Web.Http.Controllers; using System.Web.Http.Filters;namespace WebAPI.Filter {// <summary>/// 自動識別客戶端是否支持壓縮,如果支持則返回壓縮后的數據/// Attribute that can be added to controller methods to force content/// to be GZip encoded if the client supports it/// </summary>public class CompressContentAttribute : ActionFilterAttribute{/// <summary>/// Override to compress the content that is generated by/// an action method./// </summary>/// <param name="filterContext"></param>public override void OnActionExecuting(HttpActionContext filterContext){GZipEncodePage();}/// <summary>/// Determines if GZip is supported/// </summary>/// <returns></returns>public static bool IsGZipSupported(){string AcceptEncoding = HttpContext.Current.Request.Headers["Accept-Encoding"];if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(AcceptEncoding) &&(AcceptEncoding.Contains("gzip") || AcceptEncoding.Contains("deflate")))return true;return false;}/// <summary>/// Sets up the current page or handler to use GZip through a Response.Filter/// IMPORTANT:/// You have to call this method before any output is generated!/// </summary>public static void GZipEncodePage(){HttpResponse Response = HttpContext.Current.Response;if (IsGZipSupported()){string AcceptEncoding = HttpContext.Current.Request.Headers["Accept-Encoding"];if (AcceptEncoding.Contains("deflate")){Response.Filter = new System.IO.Compression.DeflateStream(Response.Filter,System.IO.Compression.CompressionMode.Compress);#region II6不支持此方法,(實際上此值默認為null 也不需要移除)//Response.Headers.Remove("Content-Encoding");#endregionResponse.AppendHeader("Content-Encoding", "deflate");}else{Response.Filter = new System.IO.Compression.GZipStream(Response.Filter,System.IO.Compression.CompressionMode.Compress);#region II6不支持此方法,(實際上此值默認為null 也不需要移除)//Response.Headers.Remove("Content-Encoding");#endregionResponse.AppendHeader("Content-Encoding", "gzip");}}// Allow proxy servers to cache encoded and unencoded versions separatelyResponse.AppendHeader("Vary", "Content-Encoding");}}/// <summary>/// 強制Defalte壓縮/// Content-encoding:gzip,Content-Type:application/json/// DEFLATE是一個無專利的壓縮算法,它可以實現無損數據壓縮,有眾多開源的實現算法。/// </summary>public class DeflateCompressionAttribute : ActionFilterAttribute{public override void OnActionExecuting(HttpActionContext filterContext){HttpResponse Response = HttpContext.Current.Response;Response.Filter = new System.IO.Compression.DeflateStream(Response.Filter,System.IO.Compression.CompressionMode.Compress);#region II6不支持此方法,(實際上此值默認為null 也不需要移除)//Response.Headers.Remove("Content-Encoding");#endregionResponse.AppendHeader("Content-Encoding", "deflate");}}/// <summary>/// 強制GZip壓縮,application/json/// Content-encoding:gzip,Content-Type:application/json/// GZIP是使用DEFLATE進行壓縮數據的另一個壓縮庫/// </summary>public class GZipCompressionAttribute : ActionFilterAttribute{public override void OnActionExecuting(HttpActionContext filterContext){HttpResponse Response = HttpContext.Current.Response;Response.Filter = new System.IO.Compression.GZipStream(Response.Filter,System.IO.Compression.CompressionMode.Compress);#region II6不支持此方法,(實際上此值默認為null 也不需要移除)//Response.Headers.Remove("Content-Encoding");#endregionResponse.AppendHeader("Content-Encoding", "gzip");}} } View Code運行查看結果,壓縮能力比DotNetZipLib略差,但是不再出現亂碼了。
把控制器代碼中的標記改為?? [DeflateCompression],使用Deflate壓縮再來看下效果:
?
Deflate壓縮后,Content-Length值為2538,而GZip壓縮Content-Length值為2556,可見Deflate壓縮效果更好。
這里,WebAPI的壓縮我都是通過Action過濾器的方式來實現,當然你也可以寫在WebAPI中的全局配置中,考慮到有些API接口并不需要使用到壓縮,所以就通過Action過濾器的方式來實現了。
dudu的這篇文章HttpClient與APS.NET Web API:請求內容的壓縮與解壓在客戶端壓縮、在服務端解壓。
轉載于:https://www.cnblogs.com/jiekzou/p/6277429.html
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