elasticsearch7.x取消了type（類型的概念）對應數據庫表的概念

一、添加一個索引

PUT 索引名 { "settings": { "number_of_shards": 1, "number_of_replicas": 0 } }

二、創建映射字段

analyzer：分詞器 下載地址:https://github.com/medcl/elasticsearch-analysis-ik

PUT /索引名/_mapping { "properties": { "title":{ "type": "text", "analyzer": "ik_max_word" }, "images":{ "type": "keyword", "index": false }, "price":{ "type": "float" } } }

三、查看映射關系

GET /索引名/_mapping

四、新增數據

隨機生成id

POST /索引庫名/_doc { "title":"大米手機", "images":"http://image.leyou.com/12479122.jpg", "price":2899.00 }

自定義id

自定義id值不能重復,否則數據將會被覆蓋

POST /索引庫名/_doc/自定義id值 {"title":"超米手機","images":"http://image.leyou.com/12479122.jpg","price":3699.00,"Saleable":true }

五、修改數據

PUT /索引庫/_doc/id值 { "title":"超大米手機", "images":"http://image.leyou.com/12479122.jpg", "price":3899.00, "stock": 100, "saleable":true }

六、刪除數據

DELETE /索引庫名/_doc/id值

七、查詢

查詢所有

GET /索引庫名/_search { "query": { "match_all": {} } }

• 響應內容:

{"took" : 0,"timed_out" : false,"_shards" : {"total" : 1,"successful" : 1,"skipped" : 0,"failed" : 0},"hits" : {"total" : {"value" : 6,"relation" : "eq"},"max_score" : 1.0,"hits" : [{"_index" : "goods","_type" : "_doc","_id" : "1","_score" : 1.0,"_source" : {"title" : "小米手機","images" : "http://image.leyou.com/12479122.jpg","price" : 2699.0,"Saleable" : true}},{"_index" : "goods","_type" : "_doc","_id" : "mmHtSnEBVcsVh4Caiarl","_score" : 1.0,"_source" : {"title" : "大米手機","images" : "http://image.leyou.com/12479122.jpg","price" : 2899.0}},{"_index" : "goods","_type" : "_doc","_id" : "2","_score" : 1.0,"_source" : {"title" : "超米手機","images" : "http://image.leyou.com/12479122.jpg","price" : 3699.0,"Saleable" : true}},{"_index" : "goods","_type" : "_doc","_id" : "3","_score" : 1.0,"_source" : {"title" : "小米電視4A","images" : "http://image.leyou.com/12479122.jpg","price" : 4699.0,"Saleable" : true}},{"_index" : "goods","_type" : "_doc","_id" : "4","_score" : 1.0,"_source" : {"title" : "華為手機","subTitle" : "小米","images" : "http://image.leyou.com/12479122.jpg","price" : 4699.0}},{"_index" : "goods","_type" : "_doc","_id" : "5","_score" : 1.0,"_source" : {"title" : "oppo","subTitle" : "小米","images" : "http://image.leyou.com/12479122.jpg","price" : 4899.0}}]} }

• 字段解析:

• took：查詢花費時間，單位是毫秒
• time_out：是否超時
• _shards：分片信息
• hits：搜索結果總覽對象
  • total：搜索到的總條數
  • max_score：所有結果中文檔得分的最高分
  • hits：搜索結果的文檔對象數組，每個元素是一條搜索到的文檔信息
    • _index：索引庫
    • _type：文檔類型
    • _id：文檔id
    • _score：文檔得分
    • _source：文檔的源數據

匹配查詢

GET /索引庫名/_search{ "query": { "match": { "title": { "query": "小米手機電視","minimum_should_match": "60%" } } }}

多字段查詢

• title,subTitle字段名

GET /索引庫名/_search { "query": { "multi_match": { "query": "小米", "fields":["title","subTitle"] } }

}

詞條查詢:可分割的最小詞條單位 title為字段名 [ “字段值” ]

GET /索引庫名/_search {"query": {"terms": {"title": ["小米","手機"]}} }

多詞條查詢

GET /索引庫名/_search { "query": { "terms": { "title": ["小米","手機"] } } }

結果過濾
excludes:不顯示的字段 includes: 顯示的字段

GET /索引庫名/_search { "_source": { "excludes": "{images}" }, "query": { "terms": { "title": ["小米","手機"] } } }

布爾查詢

標題一定有小米，或者價格為2699,4699
bool把各種其它查詢通過must（與）、must_not（非）、should（或）的方式進行組合

GET /索引庫名/_search { "query": { "bool": { "must": [ {"match": { "title": "小米" } } ], "should": [ {"terms": { "price": [ "2699", "2799" ] }} ] } } }

范圍查詢

價格大于等于2799 小于等于3899

GET /索引庫名/_search { "query": { "range": { "price": { "gte": 2799, "lte": 3899 } } } }

模糊查詢

標題為oppo 默認允許錯誤一個字母，最大為兩個字母 正確標題 oppo

fuzziness:配置篇里

GET /索引庫名/_search { "query": { "fuzzy": { "title": { "value": "oope", "fuzziness": 2 } } } }

過濾filter
不會影響查詢的分數_score

GET /索引庫名/_search { "query": { "bool": { "must": [ { "match": { "title": "小米" } } ], "filter": [ { "range": { "price": { "gte": 2699, "lte": 4999 } } } ] } } }

查詢全部數據，如果數據很多，kibana默認只返回前10條數據

如果想一開始就設置的話，參考這篇文章
不然就在查詢的時候，帶上from和size這兩個參數

## 查詢所有 GET /poem/_search {"from" : 0, "size" : 50,"query": {"match_all": {}} }

參考文章

八、排序

GET /索引庫名/_search { "query": { "bool": { "filter": [ { "range": { "price": { "gte": 2699, "lte": 4999 } } } ] } }, "sort": [ { "price": { "order": "desc" } }, { "_id":{ "order": "asc" } } ] }

九、聚合 aggregations

聚合可以讓我們極其方便的實現對數據的統計、分析。例如：

• 什么品牌的手機最受歡迎？

• 這些手機的平均價格、最高價格、最低價格？

• 這些手機每月的銷售情況如何？

實現這些統計功能的比數據庫的sql要方便的多，而且查詢速度非常快，可以實現實時搜索效果。

基本概念

Elasticsearch中的聚合，包含多種類型，最常用的兩種，一個叫桶，一個叫度量：

• 桶（bucket）

桶的作用，是按照某種方式對數據進行分組，每一組數據在ES中稱為一個桶，例如我們根據國籍對人劃分，可以得到中國桶、英國桶，日本桶……或者我們按照年齡段對人進行劃分：0_10,1020,20_30,3040等。

Elasticsearch中提供的劃分桶的方式有很多：

• Date Histogram Aggregation：根據日期階梯分組，例如給定階梯為周，會自動每周分為一組

• Histogram Aggregation：根據數值階梯分組，與日期類似

• Terms Aggregation：根據詞條內容分組，詞條內容完全匹配的為一組

• Range Aggregation：數值和日期的范圍分組，指定開始和結束，然后按段分組

• ……

bucket aggregations 只負責對數據進行分組，并不進行計算，因此往往bucket中往往會嵌套另一種聚合：metrics aggregations即度量

• 度量（metrics）

分組完成以后，我們一般會對組中的數據進行聚合運算，例如求平均值、最大、最小、求和等，這些在ES中稱為度量

比較常用的一些度量聚合方式：

• Avg Aggregation：求平均值

• Max Aggregation：求最大值

• Min Aggregation：求最小值

• Percentiles Aggregation：求百分比

• Stats Aggregation：同時返回avg、max、min、sum、count等

• Sum Aggregation：求和

• Top hits Aggregation：求前幾

• Value Count Aggregation：求總數

• ……

• 使用聚合先加入新的索引

PUT /cars { "settings": { "number_of_shards": 1, "number_of_replicas": 0 }, "mappings": { "properties": { "color": { "type": "keyword" }, "make": { "type": "keyword" } } } }

• 批量添加數據

POST /cars/_bulk { "index": {}} { "price" : 10000, "color" : "red", "make" : "honda", "sold" : "2014-10-28" } { "index": {}} { "price" : 20000, "color" : "red", "make" : "honda", "sold" : "2014-11-05" } { "index": {}} { "price" : 30000, "color" : "green", "make" : "ford", "sold" : "2014-05-18" } { "index": {}} { "price" : 15000, "color" : "blue", "make" : "toyota", "sold" : "2014-07-02" } { "index": {}} { "price" : 12000, "color" : "green", "make" : "toyota", "sold" : "2014-08-19" } { "index": {}} { "price" : 20000, "color" : "red", "make" : "honda", "sold" : "2014-11-05" } { "index": {}} { "price" : 80000, "color" : "red", "make" : "bmw", "sold" : "2014-01-01" } { "index": {}} { "price" : 25000, "color" : "blue", "make" : "ford", "sold" : "2014-02-12" }

• 聚合為桶

GET /cars/_search { "aggs": { "color": { "terms": { "field": "color" } } } }

• 桶內度量

GET /cars/_search { "size": 0, "aggs": { "color": { "terms": { "field": "color" }, "aggs": { "avg_price": { "avg": { "field": "price" } } } } } }

• 桶內嵌套桶

GET /cars/_search { "size": 0, "aggs": { "color": { "terms": { "field": "color" }, "aggs": { "avg_price": { "avg": { "field": "price" } }, "mark":{ "terms": { "field": "make" } } } } } }

• 階梯分組
  對價格進行階梯分組，最小數量為1才顯示

GET /cars/_search { "size": 0, "aggs": { "price_histogram": { "histogram": { "field": "price", "interval": 5000, "min_doc_count": 1 } } } }

• 范圍分組

GET /cars/_search { "size": 0, "aggs": { "price_range": { "range": { "field": "price", "ranges": [ { "from": 5000, "to": 15000 }, { "from": 15000, "to": 20000 }, { "from": 20000, "to": 25000 }, { "from": 25000, "to":35000 }, { "from": 35000, "to":40000 } ] } } } }

文章轉自

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