aes_encrypt()和aes_decrypt()在mysql中是進(jìn)行加密了，我們今天一起來和各位看看關(guān)于mysql中aes_encrypt()和aes_decrypt()函數(shù)的使用例子．

如果你需要對mysql某些字段進(jìn)行加解密的話,使用mysql的加解密函數(shù)可能比程序中處理更方便.

mysql-encrypt-funcs.png以aes_encrypt()和aes_decrypt()為例

特別需要注意的時(shí)mysql5.5及以下的版本僅支持aes-128-ecb模式，如果需要其它模式需要mysql5.6及以上版本才支持，可通過mysql全局變量如下方式指定：

mysql> SET block_encryption_mode = 'aes-256-cbc';

mysql> SET @key_str = SHA2('My secret passphrase',512);

mysql> SET @init_vector = RANDOM_BYTES(16);

mysql> SET @crypt_str = AES_ENCRYPT('text',@key_str,@init_vector);

mysql> SELECT AES_DECRYPT(@crypt_str,@key_str,@init_vector);

-----------------------------------------------

| AES_DECRYPT(@crypt_str,@key_str,@init_vector) |

-----------------------------------------------

| text????????????????????????????????????????? |

-----------------------------------------------

參考文檔如下：

https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/encryption-functions.html#function_aes-encrypt

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/encryption-functions.html#function_aes-encrypt

關(guān)于加密的二進(jìn)制數(shù)據(jù)在mysql中字段存什么類型(存blob還是varbinay類型)？

引用文檔一段話：

Many encryption and compression functions return strings for which the result might contain arbitrary byte values. If you want to store these results, use a column with a VARBINARY or BLOB binary string data type. This will avoid potential problems with trailing space removal or character set conversion that would change data values, such as may occur if you use a nonbinary string data type (CHAR, VARCHAR, TEXT).

盡量使用blob類型，原因如下：

There is no trailing-space removal for BLOB columns when values are stored or retrieved.

For indexes on BLOB columns, you must specify an index prefix length.

BLOB columns can not have DEFAULT values.

二進(jìn)制數(shù)據(jù)如何使用sql插入？

不可直接拼接sql插入，否則會(huì)被當(dāng)成字符串處理，不可你可以將二進(jìn)制數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換程十六進(jìn)制或base64插入，相應(yīng)的，取出來的時(shí)候你也需要轉(zhuǎn)換。但是通過mysql prepared statement方式可以插入stream data，如php pdo可以類似如下實(shí)現(xiàn)：

$db = new PDO('odbc:SAMPLE', 'db2inst1', 'ibmdb2');

$stmt = $db->prepare("insert into images (id, contenttype, imagedata) values (?, ?, ?)");

$id = get_new_id(); // some function to allocate a new ID

// assume that we are running as part of a file upload form

// You can find more information in the PHP documentation

$fp = fopen($_FILES['file']['tmp_name'], 'rb');

$stmt->bindParam(1, $id);

$stmt->bindParam(2, $_FILES['file']['type']);

$stmt->bindParam(3, $fp, PDO::PARAM_LOB);

$db->beginTransaction();

$stmt->execute();

$db->commit();

總結(jié)

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