USB 之四 USB 发展(更名)史 / USB 规范变化
??從網(wǎng)上盜了個(gè)圖(出處不知道哪里,如果誰(shuí)看到本文知道出處或者有侵權(quán),請(qǐng)點(diǎn)擊左側(cè)的小企鵝聯(lián)系刪除!),先上個(gè)圖看看當(dāng)前眾多的 USB 接口
眾多的 USB 接口可謂眼花繚亂!最主要的是,USB 的命名會(huì)給一些人造成誤解。
??隨著 USB 規(guī)范的不斷更新,規(guī)范對(duì)于這些接口的支持情況也是有變化的,如下圖(來(lái)自維基百科)
可見(jiàn),從 USB3.2 開(kāi)始,Type-C 要一統(tǒng)江湖啊!
USB1.x 時(shí)代
??1996年1月發(fā)布,USB1.0 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)發(fā)布,指定的數(shù)據(jù)速率為1.5 Mbit / s(低帶寬或低速)和12 Mbit / s(全速)。1998年9月,USB1.1 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)發(fā)布,并將 USB1.0(1.5Mb/s) 納入 USB1.1。在新的 USB1.1 中,原來(lái)的USB1.0 被稱(chēng)為 USB1.1 Low Speed,而 12Mb/s 的 USB1.1 則被稱(chēng)為 USB1.1 Full Speed。
USB2.x 時(shí)代
??2000年8月,正式公布 USB 2.0標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。在USB 2.0規(guī)格中,最重要的是增加更高的數(shù)據(jù)傳輸速率 480 Mbps (又稱(chēng)HighSpeed),USB規(guī)格至此確立了3種數(shù)據(jù)傳輸速率,并維持至今。3種速率分別是:
- 1.5Mbps(Low Speed) = USB1.1 Low Speed
- 12Mbps(Full Speed) = USB1.1 Full Speed
- 480Mbps(High Speed)
目前,USB 2.0 被廣泛使用中。
USB 3.1 時(shí)代
??在2008年1月份發(fā)布了USB3.0,傳輸速度也大幅提升,從原來(lái)的最高480Mbps提升至最高5Gbps,同時(shí)名字叫SuperSpeed。2013年1月,USB-IF 宣布計(jì)劃將 USB 3.0 更新至 10 Gbit/s(1.25 GB/s)。該小組最終創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)新的 USB 規(guī)范,USB 3.1,于2013年7月31日發(fā)布,取代了USB 3.0標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。 USB 3.1 規(guī)范接管現(xiàn)有 USB 3.0 的SuperSpeed USB 傳輸速率,也稱(chēng)為 USB 3.1 Gen 1,并引入了更快的傳輸速率,稱(chēng)為 SuperSpeed USB 10 Gbps,稱(chēng)為 USB 3.1 Gen 2,它與單一的第一代Thunderbolt頻道相提并論。 新模式的徽標(biāo)標(biāo)題為SUPERSPEED+。 USB 3.1 Gen 2 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)將最大數(shù)據(jù)信號(hào)速率提高到 10 Gbit/s(1.25 GB/s),是 SuperSpeed USB 的兩倍,并通過(guò)將編碼方案更改為128b/132b,將線(xiàn)路編碼開(kāi)銷(xiāo)降低到3%。第一個(gè) USB 3.1 Gen 2 實(shí)現(xiàn)證明了實(shí)際傳輸速度為 7.2 Gbit/s。從某個(gè)文檔中找到了如下說(shuō)明(見(jiàn)附件):
USB 3.1 Gen 1 and USB 3.1 Gen 2
The USB 3.1 specification encompasses the USB 3.0 specification (5 Gbps signaling) and adds support for performance signaling up to 10 Gbps. The USB 3.1 specification identifies two transfer rates, USB 3.1 Gen 1 at 5 Gbps and USB 3.1 Gen 2 at 10 Gbps. It is important that vendors clearly communicate the performance signaling that a product delivers in the product’s packaging, advertising content, and any other marketing materials.
- USB3.1 Gen 1
- Product capability: product signals at 5 Gbps
- Marketing name: SuperSpeed USB
- NOTE: USB 3.1 Gen 1 and USB 3.0 terms are synonymous
- USB 3.1 Gen 2
- Product capability: product signals at 10 Gbps
- Marketing name: SuperSpeed USB 10 Gbps
NOTE: SuperSpeed Plus, Enhanced SuperSpeed and SuperSpeed+ are defined in the USB specifications however these terms are not intended to be used in product names, messaging, packaging or any other consumer-facing content.
USB 3.2 時(shí)代
??2017年7月25日,USB 3.0 Promoter Group發(fā)布的新聞詳細(xì)介紹了USB Type-C規(guī)范的待定更新,定義了現(xiàn)有USB-C電纜的帶寬加倍。 根據(jù) USB 3.2 規(guī)范,現(xiàn)有的 SuperSpeed 認(rèn)證 USB-C 3.1 Gen 1 電纜將能夠以 10 Gbit / s(高達(dá)5 Gbit / s)運(yùn)行,而SuperSpeed+ 認(rèn)證的 USB-C 3.1 Gen 2 電纜將能夠運(yùn)行速率為 20 Gbit / s(高達(dá)10 Gbit / s)。 帶寬的增加是由于用于 USB-C 連接器的觸發(fā)器功能的現(xiàn)有電線(xiàn)的多通道操作造成的。從某個(gè)文檔中找到了如下說(shuō)明(見(jiàn)附件):
USB 3.2 Specification
The USB 3.2 specification defines multi-lane operation for new USB 3.2 hosts and devices,allowing for up to two lanes of 10Gbps operation to realize a 20Gbps data transfer rate. While USB hosts and devices were originally designed as single-lane solutions, USB Type-C?cables were designed from > the outset to support multi-lane operation to ensure a path for scalable performance.
The USB 3.2specificationabsorbed all prior 3.x specifications. USB 3.2identifies threetransfer rates, USB 3.2Gen 1at 5Gbps,USB 3.2Gen 2at 10Gbpsand USB 3.2 Gen 2x2at 20Gbps. It is important that vendors clearly communicate the performance signaling that a product delivers in the product’s packaging, advertising content, and any other marketing materials.
- USB 3.2Gen 1
- Product capability: product signals at 5Gbps
- Marketing name: SuperSpeed USB
- USB 3.2Gen 2
- Product capability: product signals at 10Gbps
- Marketing name: SuperSpeed USB 10Gbps
- USB 3.2 Gen 2x2
- Product capability: product signals at 20Gbps
- Marketing name: SuperSpeed USB 20Gbps
NOTE: SuperSpeed Plus, Enhanced SuperSpeed and SuperSpeed+ are defined in the USB specifications however these terms are not intended to be used in product names, messaging, packaging or any other consumer-facing content.
USB4.x
??2019年4月3日, USB 3.0 Promoter Group介紹了USB4的相關(guān)指定工作,見(jiàn)附件文檔《USB Promoter Group Announces USB4 Specification》。
附件
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