今天初學(xué)Python寫了一個(gè)用于計(jì)算指定年指定月日歷的腳本

我的Python版本：Python 3.4.2

輸入：腳本名 年(4位數(shù)字，1900-2100) 月(1-2位數(shù)字，1-12)

輸出：打印的指定年月日歷信息

Calendar.py

import os

import sys

# check if the number of input is legal

if len(sys.argv) != 3:

print('Invalid input! Example: 2014 12')

os.system('pause') # "press any key to continue..."

os._exit(0) # terminate this script

# check if input(year) is legal

print("Year: %s" % sys.argv[1])

if not str(sys.argv[1]).isdigit():

print('Invalid input! Year must be a positive integer')

os.system('pause')

os._exit(0)

elif int(sys.argv[1]) < 1900 or int(sys.argv[1]) > 2100:

print('Invalid input! Year must bigger than 1900 and smaller than 2100')

os.system('pause')

os._exit(0)

# check if input(month) is legal

print("Month: %s" % sys.argv[2])

if not str(sys.argv[2]).isdigit():

print('Invalid input! Month must be a positive integer')

os.system('pause')

os._exit(0)

elif int(sys.argv[2]) < 1 or int(sys.argv[2]) > 12:

print('Invalid input! Year must bigger than 1 and smaller than 12')

os.system('pause')

os._exit(0)

# check: is a leap year or not

# param @year: the year input

# return: leap: True; not leap: False

def IsLeapYear(year):

if year % 4 != 0:

return False

if year % 100 == 0 and year % 400 != 0:

return False

return True

cur_year = sys.argv[1] # the year input

cur_month = sys.argv[2] # the month input

# counter: the first day in cur_year, cur_month, it indicates the day of week

counter = 0

for i in range(1900, int(cur_year)):

if IsLeapYear(i):

counter += 366

else:

counter += 365

days_in_month = [31, 28, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31]

days_in_month_leap = [31, 29, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31]

for i in range(1, int(cur_month)):

if not IsLeapYear(int(cur_year)):

counter += days_in_month[i - 1]

else:

counter += days_in_month_leap[i - 1]

# first_day_in_cur_month: what day is the first day in cur_month

first_day_in_cur_month = counter % 7

# name of each month

month_name = ['January', 'February', 'March', 'April', 'May', 'June', 'July',

'August', 'September', 'October', 'November', 'December']

# char numbers of each line

calendar_width = 45

# print title

print()

print('=' * calendar_width)

space_num = (calendar_width - len(month_name[int(cur_month) - 1])) // 2

sys.stdout.write(" "* space_num)

sys.stdout.write(month_name[int(cur_month) - 1])

sys.stdout.write("\n")

print('=' * calendar_width)

print(" MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT SUN")

print('=' * calendar_width)

# establish a calendar

# calendar = [[0] * 7] * 6 # can not do like this! change a number then change a column

calendar = [[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],

[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],

[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],

[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],

[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],

[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]]

days_count = 0

if not IsLeapYear(int(cur_year)):

days_count = days_in_month[int(cur_month) - 1]

else:

days_count = days_in_month_leap[int(cur_month) - 1]

for i in range(0, days_count):

x = (first_day_in_cur_month + i) // 7

y = (first_day_in_cur_month + i) % 7

calendar[x][y] = i + 1

# print calendar

for i in range(0, 6):

if(i != 0 and calendar[i][0] == 0): # no more days to output then break

break;

sys.stdout.write(" " * 3)

for j in range(0, 7):

str_date = str(calendar[i][j])

sys.stdout.write(" ")

if str_date == "0":

sys.stdout.write(" ")

elif len(str_date) == 1:

sys.stdout.write(str_date)

sys.stdout.write(" ")

else:

sys.stdout.write(str_date)

sys.stdout.write(" " * 3)

sys.stdout.write("\n")

# print the end line

print('=' * calendar_width)

print()

# os.system('pause')

補(bǔ)充說明：使用 Visual Studio 上的 Python 插件時(shí)，調(diào)試時(shí)要設(shè)置命令行輸入?yún)?shù)，需要進(jìn)行如下兩步

1)項(xiàng)目→Calendar屬性(Calendar為項(xiàng)目名)

2)在屬性界面的Debug選項(xiàng)卡中，設(shè)置“Script Arguments”，這個(gè)程序的輸入為“2014 10”

優(yōu)化：(2014年12月31日)

這3個(gè)優(yōu)化的地方都需要引用calendar，設(shè)變量year存儲年，變量month存儲月

1)遍歷一個(gè)月的所有天，在本文的代碼中，用range(0, days_count)，

可以用calendar.monthrange(year, month)代替

2)找出一個(gè)月的第一天是星期幾，之前用first_day_in_cur_month保存，

可以用calendar.weekday(year, month, 1)代替

calendar.weekday函數(shù)中，星期一則返回0，星期二則返回1，以此類推，星期日返回6

3)日歷矩陣可以直接用calendar.monthcalendar(year, month)得出

END

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