測試機器為騰訊云服務器1核1G內存，swap分區2G，停用除SSH外的所有服務，僅保留nginx，優化思路主要包括兩個層面：系統層面+nginx層面。

一、系統層面

1、調整同時打開文件數量

ulimit -n 20480

2、TCP最大連接數(somaxconn)

echo 10000 > /proc/sys/net/core/somaxconn

3、TCP連接立即回收、回用(recycle、reuse)

echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_tw_reuse

echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_tw_recycle

4、不做TCP洪水抵御

echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_syncookies

也可以直接使用優化后的配置，在/etc/sysctl.conf中加入：

net.core.somaxconn = 20480

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 16777216

net.core.wmem_max = 16777216

net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 4096 4096 16777216

net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 4096 4096 16777216

net.ipv4.tcp_mem = 786432 2097152 3145728

net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 16384

net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 20000

net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 15

net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 16384

net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1

net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1

net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 131072

net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 0

使用：sysctl -p 生效

sysctl -p

二、nginx層面

修改nginx配置文件，nginx.conf

增加work_rlimit_nofile和worker_connections數量，并禁用keepalive_timeout。

worker_processes 1;

worker_rlimit_nofile 20000;

events {

use epoll;

worker_connections 20000;

multi_accept on;

}

http {

keepalive_timeout 0;

}

重啟nginx

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

使用ab壓力測試

ab -c 10000 -n 150000 http://127.0.0.1/index.html

測試結果：

This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3

Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/

Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

Benchmarking 127.0.0.1 (be patient)

Completed 15000 requests

Completed 30000 requests

Completed 45000 requests

Completed 60000 requests

Completed 75000 requests

Completed 90000 requests

Completed 105000 requests

Completed 120000 requests

Completed 135000 requests

Completed 150000 requests

Finished 150000 requests

Server Software: nginx/1.8.0

Server Hostname: 127.0.0.1

Server Port: 80

Document Path: /index.html

Document Length: 612 bytes

Concurrency Level: 10000

Time taken for tests: 19.185 seconds

Complete requests: 150000

Failed requests: 0

Write errors: 0

Total transferred: 131180388 bytes

HTML transferred: 95121324 bytes

Requests per second: 7818.53 [#/sec] (mean)

Time per request: 1279.013 [ms] (mean)

Time per request: 0.128 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)

Transfer rate: 6677.33 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)

min mean[+/-sd] median max

Connect: 0 650 547.9 522 7427

Processing: 212 519 157.4 496 958

Waiting: 0 404 139.7 380 845

Total: 259 1168 572.1 1066 7961

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)

50% 1066

66% 1236

75% 1295

80% 1320

90% 1855

95% 2079

98% 2264

99% 2318

100% 7961 (longest request)

總結

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