藍牙架構的搭建

• 前言：筆者認為，如果只是單純的傳授大家代碼怎么敲，那么大家很有可能在實際開發中難以運用。剛好本人曾經參與過多款智能硬件開發的架構搭建，本小節本人就現場帶領大家開發出一個通用的藍牙工具類

  • 既然是工具類，雖然大家以后可以在開發中直接拿去用，但是我的目的是想要傳授給大家架構的思想，而不是教大家如何偷懶
  • 為了能夠讓大家對藍牙通訊理解的更加的透徹，本人專門買了一個小米手環，并且經過大量的測試，破解了部分小米的藍牙協議（小米手環藍牙數據是沒有加密的）
    
    • 只有對技術執著的追求，才能造就更高的品質

• 目前該工具類由于時間原因，主要是想讓大家熟悉藍牙開發的流程，并沒有對更深層次的架構做研究

  • 1.只支持藍牙與外設一對一連接，一對多未做復雜處理
    
    • 一般開發中，一對一夠用了
  • 2.對API接口的架構沒有做深入的探討研究
    
    • 關于類的接口設計，將會在下一個課程階段實用技術項目階段再給大家重點介紹，目前大家也很難吸收太難的知識點
  • 3.本人將會在后期繼續優化我們的框架，并且放入github供全球的iOS開發朋友們使用
    
    • 中國軟件的下一步發展就是要走向國際一流

• HMBluetoothManager.h文件

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>#import <CoreBluetooth/CoreBluetooth.h>#define kHMBluetoothManager [HMBluetoothManager shareInstance]@interface HMBluetoothManager : NSObject//單利類實現 +(HMBluetoothManager*)shareInstance;//藍牙中心 @property(nonatomic,strong)CBCentralManager *CB_central; //藍牙外設數組，藍牙支持一對多連接(一個中心 多個外設) //掃描到的外設數組 @property(nonatomic,strong)NSMutableArray <CBPeripheral *>*scanArr;//已經連接的外設數組 @property(nonatomic,strong)NSMutableArray <CBPeripheral *>*connectArr;//掃描外設成功回調 @property(nonatomic,copy)void(^scanPeripheralUpdate)(CBPeripheral *peripheral);//連接外設成功回調 @property(nonatomic,copy)void(^connectedPeripheral)(CBPeripheral *peripheral,NSString *connectState);//當前激活的外設（目前的架構暫時只支持一對一連接） @property(nonatomic,strong)CBPeripheral *currentPeripheral; //當前藍牙特征（發送數據） @property (strong ,nonatomic) CBCharacteristic *currentCharacteristic; //當前發送數據的UUID @property(nonatomic,strong)NSString *UUID;/**檢測藍牙是否可用 @param completion 錯誤表示 可用標簽 @return 可用標簽*/ - (BOOL)isDeviceBluetoothAvaliable:(void(^)(NSError *error,BOOL flag))completion;/**開始掃描*/ - (void)BeginScanPeripheral:(void(^)(CBPeripheral *peripheral))scanPeripheralUpdate;/**連接外設 @param peripheral 外設 @param connectedPeripheral 連接回調*/ - (void)connectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral Completion:(void(^)(CBPeripheral *peripheral,NSString *connectState))connectedPeripheral;/**發送數據 @param value 數據 @param peripheral 外設 @param characteristic 特征*/ - (void)writeValue:(NSData *)value toPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral characteristic:(CBCharacteristic *)characteristic;@end

• HMBluetoothManager.m文件

#import "HMBluetoothManager.h"//藍牙框架 #import <CoreBluetooth/CoreBluetooth.h>#define kDisconnectPeripheralNotification @"kDisconnectPeripheralNotification"const NSString *connectStateSuccess = @"連接成功"; const NSString *connectStateRepeat = @"外設已經在連接列表中"; const NSString *connectStateFaild = @"連接失敗";@interface HMBluetoothManager ()<CBCentralManagerDelegate,CBPeripheralDelegate>@end@implementation HMBluetoothManager//單利類實現 +(HMBluetoothManager*)shareInstance {static HMBluetoothManager *manager = nil;static dispatch_once_t onceToken;dispatch_once(&onceToken, ^{manager = [[HMBluetoothManager alloc] init];});return manager; }- (instancetype)init {self = [super init];//初始化數組self.scanArr = [NSMutableArray array];self.connectArr = [NSMutableArray array];return self; }#pragma mark - 檢測藍牙是否可用/**檢測藍牙是否可用@param completion 錯誤表示 可用標簽@return 可用標簽*/ - (BOOL)isDeviceBluetoothAvaliable:(void(^)(NSError *error,BOOL flag))completion {NSString * state = nil;BOOL flag = NO;switch ([self.CB_central state]){case CBCentralManagerStateUnsupported:state = @"系統不支持藍牙.";break;case CBCentralManagerStateUnauthorized:state = @"手機藍牙未開啟";break;case CBCentralManagerStatePoweredOff:state = @"Bluetooth is currently powered off.";break;case CBCentralManagerStatePoweredOn:state = @"藍牙可用";flag = YES;break;case CBCentralManagerStateUnknown:flag = YES;state = @"未知錯誤";break;default:break;}if ([state isEqualToString:@"未知錯誤"]) {//第一次開啟掃描可能會出現未知錯誤，只需要再次調用掃描即可dispatch_after(dispatch_time(DISPATCH_TIME_NOW, (int64_t)(0.5 * NSEC_PER_SEC)), dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{[self.CB_central scanForPeripheralsWithServices:nil options:nil];});}/**創建error*domain：作用域，表示error報錯的位置* code：錯誤碼* userInfo:錯誤描述鍵值對，key一般使用系統默認NSLocalizedDescriptionKey*/NSError *error = [NSError errorWithDomain:@"HMBluetoothManager" code:-1 userInfo:@{NSLocalizedDescriptionKey:state}];//回調block,非空判斷不要忘記if (completion) {completion(error,flag);}return flag; }#pragma mark - 1.開始掃描- (void)BeginScanPeripheral:(void(^)(CBPeripheral *peripheral))scanPeripheralUpdate {//1.創建藍牙中心if (!self.CB_central) {//參數是代理 和線程）self.CB_central = [[CBCentralManager alloc] initWithDelegate:self queue:dispatch_get_main_queue()];}//2.判斷當前設備是否支持藍牙//NSAssert：第一個參數condition表示判斷條件 第二個參數desc表示描述。當判斷條件不成立時程序會崩潰并且打印描述NSAssert([self isDeviceBluetoothAvaliable:nil], @"手機不支持藍牙");self.scanPeripheralUpdate = scanPeripheralUpdate;//3.開始掃描/**Services:查找指定的外設，不設置表示查找所有的外設options：查找方式，一般設為nil使用系統默認 */[self.CB_central scanForPeripheralsWithServices:nil options:nil]; }#pragma mark -3.連接外設- (void)connectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral Completion:(void(^)(CBPeripheral *peripheral,NSString *connectState))connectedPeripheral {self.connectedPeripheral = connectedPeripheral;//如果是已經連接，則直接返回if (peripheral.state == CBPeripheralStateConnected) {connectedPeripheral(peripheral,connectStateRepeat);}else{[self.CB_central connectPeripheral:peripheral options:nil];} }#pragma mark -藍牙中心代理//藍牙中心有更新狀態 - (void)centralManagerDidUpdateState:(CBCentralManager *)central {}#pragma mark - 2.掃描到外設 //查到外設后，停止掃描，連接設備-(void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central didDiscoverPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral advertisementData:(NSDictionary *)advertisementData RSSI:(NSNumber *)RSSI {//外設相關數據NSLog(@"%@",advertisementData);//外設唯一標識符NSLog(@"%@",peripheral.identifier);//外設的名稱NSLog(@"%@",peripheral.name);//與外設的信號強度NSLog(@"%@",RSSI);self.scanPeripheralUpdate(peripheral);//添加到掃描數組(工具類的封裝，不應該在內部處理與自身無關的業務邏輯，所以這里不要連接設備，應該封裝連接方法讓外部調用)//添加之前做一個重復判斷，避免同一外設被多次添加if (![self.scanArr containsObject:peripheral]) {[self.scanArr addObject:peripheral];}}#pragma mark - 4.連接外設成功,開始尋找服務 //連接外設成功，開始發現服務 - (void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central didConnectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral {self.connectedPeripheral(peripheral,connectStateSuccess);//設為當前連接的外設self.currentPeripheral = peripheral;//添加到已經連接的數組[self.connectArr addObject:peripheral];//設置代理[peripheral setDelegate:self];//發現服務[peripheral discoverServices:nil];}//連接外設失敗 -(void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central didFailToConnectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral error:(NSError *)error {self.connectedPeripheral(peripheral,connectStateFaild); }//連接斷開 - (void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central didDisconnectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral error:(NSError *)error {//這里應該主動發送通知告知外部[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] postNotificationName:kDisconnectPeripheralNotification object:nil userInfo:@{@"key":peripheral}];//斷開連接之后，應當從連接列表中移除外設[self.connectArr removeObject:peripheral];// We're disconnected, so start scanning again}#pragma mark CBPeripheralDelegate 外設代理#pragma mark- 5.發現服務，搜索特征 -(void) peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didDiscoverServices:(NSError *)error{if (error) {NSLog(@"Error discovering services: %@", [error localizedDescription]);return;}int i=0;// for (CBService *s in peripheral.services) {// [self.nServices addObject:s];// }//遍歷服務，發現特征for (CBService *s in peripheral.services) {NSLog(@"%@",[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d :服務 UUID: %@(%@)",i,s.UUID.data,s.UUID]);i++;[peripheral discoverCharacteristics:nil forService:s];} }#pragma mark- 6.已搜索到某個服務的特征Characteristics -(void) peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didDiscoverCharacteristicsForService:(CBService *)service error:(NSError *)error{// Deal with errors (if any)if (error) {NSLog(@"Error discovering characteristics: %@", [error localizedDescription]);return;}//從服務中遍歷特征for (CBCharacteristic *c in service.characteristics) {NSLog(@"%@",[NSString stringWithFormat:@"發現特征的服務UUID:%@ 該特征UUID：%@",service.UUID ,c.UUID]);//如果是當前發送數據的UUID，則保存該特征if ([[c.UUID UUIDString] isEqual:self.UUID]) {self.currentCharacteristic = c;}//開啟與特征之間的通知（中心與外設長連接，當特征發送數據過來時，能夠及時收到）[peripheral setNotifyValue:YES forCharacteristic:c];//讀取特征服務，一次性// [peripheral readValueForCharacteristic:c];}}#pragma mark- 獲取外設發來的數據，不論是read和notify,獲取數據都是從這個方法中讀取。 - (void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didUpdateValueForCharacteristic:(CBCharacteristic *)characteristic error:(NSError *)error {NSLog(@"外設發送過來的數據:%@",characteristic.value.description ); }#pragma mark- 中心讀取外設實時數據 - (void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didUpdateNotificationStateForCharacteristic:(CBCharacteristic *)characteristic error:(NSError *)error {if (error) {}// Notification has startedif (characteristic.isNotifying) {//讀取外設數據[peripheral readValueForCharacteristic:characteristic];NSLog(@"%@",characteristic.value);} else { // Notification has stopped// so disconnect from the peripheral// NSLog(@"Notification stopped on %@. Disconnecting", characteristic);} }#pragma mark - 7.給特征發送數據//把數據寫到哪個外設的哪個特征里面 - (void)writeValue:(NSData *)value toPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral characteristic:(CBCharacteristic *)characteristic {//寫入數據[peripheral writeValue:value forCharacteristic:characteristic type:CBCharacteristicWriteWithoutResponse]; }@end

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