用戶自定義函數? 和存儲過程是類似的,

是一組 有序的t-sql語句,udf被 預先優化和編譯,并且可以作為一個單元來進行調用.

使用存儲過程 時 可傳入參數,傳出參數.可以返回值,不過該值用于指示成功或者失敗,而非返回數據.也可以返回結果集,

但是在沒有將結果集插入到某種表(通常是臨時表)中以供后面使用的情況下,不能在 查詢中真正使用它們. 即使使用

表值 輸出參數,在查詢中使用結果之前,也要額外的一個步驟.

那么 UDF可以傳入參數,但是不可傳出參數. 但是可以返回值,和系統函數一樣,可以返回標量值,這個值的好處是? 不像存儲過程那樣只限于

整型數據類型,而是可以返回大多數sqlserver的數據類型.

下面具體介紹兩種 UDF

返回標量的UDF

返回表 的UDF

返回標量的UDF

select name,(select avg(sec) from stu) as average,sec-(select avg(sec) from stu) as [Difference] from stu where SID=2 .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1); font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0 } .csharpcode .rem { color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1) } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1) } .csharpcode .str { color: rgba(0, 96, 128, 1) } .csharpcode .op { color: rgba(0, 0, 192, 1) } .csharpcode .preproc { color: rgba(204, 102, 51, 1) } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: rgba(255, 255, 0, 1) } .csharpcode .html { color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1) } .csharpcode .attr { color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1) } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: rgba(244, 244, 244, 1); width: 100%; margin: 0 } .csharpcode .lnum { color: rgba(96, 96, 96, 1) }

這是簡單的sql語句,下面 有兩個UDF代替其中的兩個列

create function averages()returns intasbeginreturn (select avg(sec) from stu);endgocreate function sdifference(@arg int)returns intasbeginreturn @arg - dbo.averages();endgoselect name,dbo.averages() as average,dbo.sdifference(sec) as [Difference] from stu where SID=2 .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1); font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0 } .csharpcode .rem { color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1) } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1) } .csharpcode .str { color: rgba(0, 96, 128, 1) } .csharpcode .op { color: rgba(0, 0, 192, 1) } .csharpcode .preproc { color: rgba(204, 102, 51, 1) } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: rgba(255, 255, 0, 1) } .csharpcode .html { color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1) } .csharpcode .attr { color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1) } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: rgba(244, 244, 244, 1); width: 100%; margin: 0 } .csharpcode .lnum { color: rgba(96, 96, 96, 1) }

那么會在數據中看到:

執行結果和之前的sql語句是一樣的.

返回表的UDF

既然UDF可以傳入參數,又可以返回表,那是不是 就相當于參數化的視圖……是不是聽起來很讓人興奮呢.

下面創建一個簡單函數:

create function getPeopleByname(@name nvarchar(30)) returns table as return (select * from stu where name = @name) .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1); font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0 } .csharpcode .rem { color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1) } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1) } .csharpcode .str { color: rgba(0, 96, 128, 1) } .csharpcode .op { color: rgba(0, 0, 192, 1) } .csharpcode .preproc { color: rgba(204, 102, 51, 1) } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: rgba(255, 255, 0, 1) } .csharpcode .html { color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1) } .csharpcode .attr { color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1) } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: rgba(244, 244, 244, 1); width: 100%; margin: 0 } .csharpcode .lnum { color: rgba(96, 96, 96, 1) }

下面調用這個函數:

select * from getPeopleByname('gao') .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1); font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0 } .csharpcode .rem { color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1) } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1) } .csharpcode .str { color: rgba(0, 96, 128, 1) } .csharpcode .op { color: rgba(0, 0, 192, 1) } .csharpcode .preproc { color: rgba(204, 102, 51, 1) } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: rgba(255, 255, 0, 1) } .csharpcode .html { color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1) } .csharpcode .attr { color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1) } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: rgba(244, 244, 244, 1); width: 100%; margin: 0 } .csharpcode .lnum { color: rgba(96, 96, 96, 1) }

結果如下:

下面 UDF結合 遞歸, 查詢所有樹的 節點

表:

數據:

下面定義函數:

create function sss(@id as int)returns @t table(id int not null,name int not null,pid int null)asbegindeclare @lay as int;insert into @t select * from tree where pid =@id;select @lay = min(id) from tree where pid =@id; --第一次 @lay=5while @lay is not nullbegininsert into @t select * from sss(@lay);select @lay=min(id) from treewhere id>@lay and pid=@idendreturn;endgo .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1); font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0 } .csharpcode .rem { color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1) } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1) } .csharpcode .str { color: rgba(0, 96, 128, 1) } .csharpcode .op { color: rgba(0, 0, 192, 1) } .csharpcode .preproc { color: rgba(204, 102, 51, 1) } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: rgba(255, 255, 0, 1) } .csharpcode .html { color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1) } .csharpcode .attr { color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1) } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: rgba(244, 244, 244, 1); width: 100%; margin: 0 } .csharpcode .lnum { color: rgba(96, 96, 96, 1) }

執行函數,參數 是 任意父節點 id

select * from sss(6) .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1); font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0 } .csharpcode .rem { color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1) } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1) } .csharpcode .str { color: rgba(0, 96, 128, 1) } .csharpcode .op { color: rgba(0, 0, 192, 1) } .csharpcode .preproc { color: rgba(204, 102, 51, 1) } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: rgba(255, 255, 0, 1) } .csharpcode .html { color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1) } .csharpcode .attr { color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1) } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: rgba(244, 244, 244, 1); width: 100%; margin: 0 } .csharpcode .lnum { color: rgba(96, 96, 96, 1) }

效果:

執行:?

select * from sss(4) .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1); font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0 } .csharpcode .rem { color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1) } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1) } .csharpcode .str { color: rgba(0, 96, 128, 1) } .csharpcode .op { color: rgba(0, 0, 192, 1) } .csharpcode .preproc { color: rgba(204, 102, 51, 1) } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: rgba(255, 255, 0, 1) } .csharpcode .html { color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1) } .csharpcode .attr { color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1) } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: rgba(244, 244, 244, 1); width: 100%; margin: 0 } .csharpcode .lnum { color: rgba(96, 96, 96, 1) }

效果:

將查出 所有的子節點來.

.net調用函數:http://www.cnblogs.com/Mr-Joe/archive/2012/05/10/2494093.html

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