SQL:?"IN"?Function

The?IN?function?helps?reduce?the?need?to?use?multipleORconditions.

譯：IN函數有助于減少OR條件的復合使用。

The?syntax?for?the?IN?function?is:

譯：IN函數的語法：

SELECT?columnsFROM?tablesWHERE?column1?in?(value1,?value2,?....?value_n);

This?SQL?statement?will?return?the?records?where?column1?is?value1,?value2...,?or?value_n.?The?IN?function?can?be?used?in?any?valid?SQL?statement?-?select,?insert,?update,?or?delete.

譯：該SQL語句將返回column1的值是value1,?value2...,或者value_n的記錄。IN函數可以用于任何合法的SQL語句中－select,?insert,?update,?or?delete。

Example?#1

The?following?is?an?SQL?statement?that?uses?the?IN?function:

譯：下面是一個使用IN函數的SQL語句

SELECT?*FROM?supplierWHERE?supplier_name?in?(?'IBM',?'Hewlett?Packard',?'Microsoft');

This?would?return?all?rows?where?the?supplier_name?is?either?IBM,?Hewlett?Packard,?or?Microsoft.?Because?the?*?is?used?in?the?select,?all?fields?from?the?supplier?table?would?appear?in?the?result?set.

譯：這將返回supplier_name為IBM,?Hewlett?Packard,或者Microsoft的所有記錄。因為在SELECT中使用了*，supplier表中所有的字段都會顯示在結果集中。

It?is?equivalent?to?the?following?statement:

譯：與下面的SQL語句相同：

SELECT?*FROM?supplierWHERE?supplier_name?=?'IBM'OR?supplier_name?=?'Hewlett?Packard'OR?supplier_name?=?'Microsoft';

As?you?can?see,?using?the?IN?function?makes?the?statement?easier?to?read?and?more?efficient.

譯：正如你所看到的，使用IN函數使語句更容易讀并且有更高的執行效率。

Example?#2

You?can?also?use?the?IN?function?with?numeric?values.

譯：你也可以同數字使用IN函數

SELECT?*FROM?ordersWHERE?order_id?in?(10000,?10001,?10003,?10005);

This?SQL?statement?would?return?all?orders?where?the?order_id?is?either?10000,?10001,?10003,?or?10005.

譯：將返回所有order_id是10000,?10001,?10003,或者10005的記錄

It?is?equivalent?to?the?following?statement:

譯：與下面的SQL語句相同：

SELECT?*FROM?ordersWHERE?order_id?=?10000OR?order_id?=?10001OR?order_id?=?10003OR?order_id?=?10005;

Example?#3?-?"NOT?IN"

The?IN?function?can?also?be?combined?with?the?NOT?operator.

譯：IN函數可以和NOT操作符連用

For?example,

SELECT?*FROM?supplierWHERE?supplier_name?not?in?(?'IBM',?'Hewlett?Packard',?'Microsoft');

This?would?return?all?rows?where?the?supplier_name?isneitherIBM,?Hewlett?Packard,?or?Microsoft.?Sometimes,?it?is?more?efficient?to?list?the?values?that?you?donotwant,?as?opposed?to?the?values?that?you?do?want.

譯：這將返回supplier_name不是IBM,?Hewlett?Packard,及Microsoft的所有記錄。有時，與你想要的數據相反，這樣可以更有效的例出你不需要的值。

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