STL 之replace,replace_if,replace_copy,replace_copy_if
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                                STL 之replace,replace_if,replace_copy,replace_copy_if
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                            作用:用一個新值替換指定區(qū)間內所有的指定元素。
 
  #include?<algorithm>??  template?<class?forwardItr,class?Type>??  void?replace(forwardItr?first,?forwardItr?last,const?Type&?oldValue?const?Type&?newValue);??  ??  template?<class?forwardItr,?class?unaryPredicate,class?Type>??  void?replace_if(forwardItr?first,?forwardItr?last,?unaryPredicate?op,const?Type&?newValue);??  ??  template?<class?inputItr,class?outputItr,class?Type>??  outputItr?replace_copy(inputItr?first1,?inputItr?last1,?outputItr?destFirst,const?Type&?oldValue,?const?Type&?newValue);??  ??  template?<class?inputItr,class?outputItr,?class?unaryPredicate>??  outputItr?replace_copy_if(inputItr?first1,?inputItr?last1,?outputItr?destFirst,?unaryPredicate?op,const?Type&?newValue);??   
示例代碼: #include?<iostream>??  #include?<list>??  ??  #include?<string>??  #include?<numeric>??  #include?<iterator>??  #include?<vector>??  #include?<functional>??  ??  #include?<algorithm>??  ??  using?namespace?std;??  ??  bool?lessThanEqual50(int?num)?{??  ????return?(num?<=?50);??  }??  ??  int?main()?{??  ????char?cList[10]?=?{'A','a','A','B','A','c','D','e','F','A'};??  ????vector<char>?charList(cList,cList+10);??  ????ostream_iterator<char>?screen(cout,?"?");??  ??  ????cout?<<?"charList:"?<<?endl;??  ????copy(charList.begin(),charList.end(),screen);??  ????cout?<<?endl;??  ????//?replace??  ????//?將容器中的A替換為Z??  ????replace(charList.begin(),charList.end(),'A','Z');??  ????cout?<<?"charList.replace?A?->?Z:"?<<?endl;??  ????copy(charList.begin(),charList.end(),screen);??  ????cout?<<?endl;??  ????//?replace_if??  ????//?將所有的大寫字母替換為*??  ????replace_if(charList.begin(),charList.end(),isupper,'*');??  ????cout?<<?"charList.replace_if?Upper->*"?<<?endl;??  ????copy(charList.begin(),charList.end(),screen);??  ????cout?<<?endl;??  ??  ????int?listi[10]?=?{12,34,56,21,34,78,34,55,12,25};??  ????vector<int>?intList(listi,listi+10);??  ????ostream_iterator<int>?screenInt(cout,?"?");??  ????cout?<<?"intList:"?<<?endl;??  ????copy(intList.begin(),intList.end(),screenInt);??  ????cout?<<?endl;??  ??  ????vector<int>?temp1(10);??  ????//?將intList中34全部替換為0,并輸出到temp1中,不改變intList??  ????replace_copy(intList.begin(),intList.end(),temp1.begin(),34,0);??  ????cout?<<?"intList.replace_copy:"?<<?endl;??  ????copy(intList.begin(),intList.end(),screenInt);??  ????cout?<<?endl;??  ????cout?<<?"temp1:"?<<?endl;??  ????copy(temp1.begin(),temp1.end(),screenInt);??  ????cout?<<?endl;??  ??  ????vector<int>?temp2(10);??  ????//?將intList中小于50的全部替換為50,并輸出到temp2中,不改變intList??  ????replace_copy_if(intList.begin(),intList.end(),temp2.begin(),lessThanEqual50,50);??  ????cout?<<?"intList.replace_copy_if:"?<<?endl;??  ????copy(intList.begin(),intList.end(),screenInt);??  ????cout?<<?endl;??  ????cout?<<?"temp2:"?<<?endl;??  ????copy(temp2.begin(),temp2.end(),screenInt);??  ????cout?<<?endl;??  ??  ????return?0;??  }??   
  
                        
                        
                        聲明:
示例代碼:
運行結果:
charList:
 A a A B A c D e F A
 charList.replace A -> Z:
 Z a Z B Z c D e F Z
 charList.replace_if Upper->*
 * a * * * c * e * *
 intList:
 12 34 56 21 34 78 34 55 12 25
 intList.replace_copy:
 12 34 56 21 34 78 34 55 12 25
 temp1:
 12 0 56 21 0 78 0 55 12 25
 intList.replace_copy_if:
 12 34 56 21 34 78 34 55 12 25
 temp2:
 50 50 56 50 50 78 50 55 50 50
總結
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