dvi dp hdmi

It doesn’t seem so long ago that we had only one reliable way to connect a computer to an external monitor. Now the good old VGA port, may it rest in peace, is only found on designated “business” machines and adapters. In its place, we have a variety of alternatives, all of which seem to be fighting each other for the limited space on your laptop or graphics card. Let’s break down the options for your next PC purchase.

似乎不久以前，我們只有一種可靠的方法將計算機連接到外部顯示器。 現(xiàn)在，只能在指定的“企業(yè)”機器和適配器上找到可以使用的老式VGA端口了，可以放心使用。 取而代之的是，我們有多種選擇，所有這些似乎都在為筆記本電腦或圖形卡的有限空間而戰(zhàn)。 讓我們分解一下您下次購買PC的選項。

HDMI接口 (HDMI)

HDMI is the most widely-used of the three options here, if only because it’s the de facto standard for anything connecting to televisions. Because of its wide adoption, HDMI is also included on most recent monitors and many laptops, except for the smallest ultraportable models. The acronym stands for “High Definition Multimedia Interface.”

HDMI是這三個選項中使用最廣泛的，僅因為它是連接到電視的任何東西的事實上的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。 由于其被廣泛采用，除了最小的超便攜式機型外，HDMI還將被包括在最新的顯示器和許多筆記本電腦中。 首字母縮寫詞代表“高清多媒體接口”。

The standard has been around since the early 2000s, but determining its capabilities is a bit tricky, because it’s gone through so many revisions. The latest release is HDMI 2.1, which supports a staggering 10K resolution (more than 10,000 pixels wide) at 120 hertz. But version 2.1 is just starting to appear in consumer electronics; the latest laptops that feature HDMI ports will probably top out at version 2.0b, which supports 4K video at 60 frames per second with high dynamic range (HDR).

該標(biāo)準(zhǔn)自2000年代初期就存在，但是確定其功能有點棘手，因為它已經(jīng)進行了許多修訂。 最新版本是HDMI 2.1，它以120赫茲的速度支持驚人的10K分辨率(超過10,000像素寬)。 但是2.1版才剛剛開始出現(xiàn)在消費電子產(chǎn)品中。 具有HDMI端口的最新筆記本電腦可能會在2.0b版本中達到最高水平，該版本支持以60幀每秒的速度提供4K視頻和高動態(tài)范圍(HDR) 。

HDMI’s biggest advantage over?the older DVI standard is that it also carries and audio signal, allowing users to plug into a TV (or a monitor with built-in speakers) with a single cable. This is great for TVs, but?most monitors still lack integrated speakers, so you’ll also have to use a more conventional headphone jack or simply rely on your laptop’s built-in speakers much of the time.

與舊版DVI標(biāo)準(zhǔn)相比，HDMI的最大優(yōu)勢在于它還可以傳輸音頻信號，從而使用戶可以通過單根電纜插入電視(或帶有內(nèi)置揚聲器的顯示器)。 這對于電視來說非常有用，但是大多數(shù)顯示器仍然沒有集成揚聲器，因此您還必須使用更常規(guī)的耳機插Kong，或者大部分時間僅依靠筆記本電腦的內(nèi)置揚聲器。

HDMI comes in three primary connection sizes: standard, “Mini,” and “Micro,” getting progressively smaller. The Mini and Micro connections are popular with smaller portable electronics, but if your laptop has an HDMI port, it probably uses the full-sized version. This, combined with a wide variety of compatible monitors and televisions, makes HDMI the most convenient external display option for most users.

HDMI具有三種主要的連接尺寸：標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，“迷你”和“微型”，尺寸逐漸減小。 小型和微型連接在較小的便攜式電子設(shè)備中很流行，但是如果您的筆記本電腦具有HDMI端口，則可能使用全尺寸版本。 結(jié)合各種兼容的監(jiān)視器和電視，HDMI成為大多數(shù)用戶最方便的外部顯示選項。

顯示端口 (DisplayPort)

DisplayPort is a bit newer than HDMI, though it’s also a proprietary system. The full-sized plugs look similar, but DisplayPort uses a asymmetrical notched design versus HDMI’s ?equal trapezoid.

雖然DisplayPort還是專有系統(tǒng)，但它比HDMI稍微新一些。 全尺寸的插頭看起來很相似，但是DisplayPort使用非對稱的缺口設(shè)計，而不是HDMI的等效梯形。

As competing standards, they share a lot of features in their various incarnations. DisplayPort can also carry audio signals on a single cable, and the latest release supports up to 8K resolution at 60 hertz with high dynamic range. The next version is expected later this year.

作為競爭性標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，它們在其各種化身中共享許多功能。 DisplayPort還可以在單??根電纜上傳輸音頻信號，并且最新版本在60赫茲的動態(tài)范圍內(nèi)支持高達8K的分辨率。 下一個版本預(yù)計在今年晚些時候發(fā)布。

Those who work with professional-quality monitors might have a very particular reason for preferring DisplayPort: it supports a unique feature called a daisy chaining. This allows users to plug one DisplayPort cable into a single monitor, then another from the first monitor to a second monitor, then a third, and so on. It allows a laptop or desktop to use a multi-display setup without needing to plug multiple cables into the source computer. Unfortunately, support for this feature is quite rare, and it’s usually only found on high-end monitors.

使用專業(yè)品質(zhì)顯示器的人可能有一個選擇DisplayPort的特殊原因：它支持稱為菊花鏈的獨特功能。 這使用戶可以將一條DisplayPort電纜插入單個監(jiān)視器，然后將另一根電纜從第一臺監(jiān)視器插入第二臺監(jiān)視器，再插入第三臺，依此類推。 它允許筆記本電腦或臺式機使用多顯示器設(shè)置，而無需將多根電纜插入源計算機。 不幸的是，對該功能的支持很少見，通常只能在高端顯示器上找到。

DisplayPort plugs come in the full-sized “notched” variety and also a mini variant, first used with Apple laptops. Unlike the smaller HDMI plugs, Mini DisplayPort connections are quite common on high-end machines. The smaller plug allows computer manufacturers more flexibility, but it also means that end users need either a dedicated mini-to-standard cable or an adapter.

DisplayPort插頭有全尺寸的“缺口”款，也有微型款，最早用于Apple筆記本電腦。 與較小的HDMI插頭不同，Mini DisplayPort連接在高端機器上非常普遍。 較小的插頭使計算機制造商具有更大的靈活性，但這也意味著最終用戶需要專用的微型標(biāo)準(zhǔn)電纜或適配器。

DVI (DVI)

Digital Visual Interface is the oldest of these standards, first appearing in 1999, but it’s still present on enough monitors that it’s sometimes included even on new laptops and desktop graphics cards today. DVI’s older technology gives it more limitations than either HDMI or DisplayPort. It also uses a much larger plug design that lacks a self-latching mechanism, and requires the user to screw in the cable for safe extended use.

數(shù)字視覺接口是這些標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中最早的一個，于1999年首次出現(xiàn)，但是它仍然存在于足夠多的顯示器上，有時甚至在如今的新筆記本電腦和臺式機圖形卡中也包括在內(nèi)。 DVI的較舊技術(shù)比HDMI或DisplayPort賦予了更多的限制。 它還使用了更大的插頭設(shè)計，沒有自動閂鎖機制，并且要求用戶擰入電纜以安全地延長使用時間。

The original single-link DVI is rarely used anymore: if your laptop has a DVI connection, it’s almost certainly using DVI Dual Link, with a maximum 60 hertz output of 2560×1600. This makes DVI incompatible with newer 4K displays (though technically the standard can handle the higher number of pixels at a lower 33 frames per second). Some professional graphics cards have DVI-D ports that can output audio that’s compatible with an HDMI adapter, but the vast majority of DVI ports are restricted to video-only capabilities.

原始的單鏈路DVI幾乎不再使用：如果您的筆記本電腦具有DVI連接，則幾乎可以肯定是使用DVI Dual Link，最大60赫茲輸出為2560×1600。 這使DVI與較新的4K顯示器不兼容(盡管從技術(shù)上講，該標(biāo)準(zhǔn)可以以較低的每秒33幀的速度處理大量像素)。 一些專業(yè)的圖形卡具有DVI-D端口，可以輸出與HDMI適配器兼容的音頻，但是絕大多數(shù)DVI端口僅限于僅視頻功能。

As a visual standard, DVI is on its way out. If you’re searching for a new laptop or building a new computer, you should only consider a DVI port essential if you need it to connect to an older (but still high-quality) monitor. Even then, it’s quite easy to find DVI adapters for both HDMI and DisplayPort.

作為視覺標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，DVI即將淘汰。 如果要搜索新的筆記本電腦或構(gòu)建新的計算機，則僅當(dāng)需要DVI端口連接到較舊(但仍是高質(zhì)量)的顯示器時，才應(yīng)考慮使用DVI端口。 即便如此，找到適用于HDMI和DisplayPort的DVI適配器還是很容易的。

您可以使用適配器，但是它們可能會引起問題 (You Can Use Adapters, but They May Introduce?Problems)

A variety of adapters for managing different connections and cables are available, going to and from more or less all the plugs and standards listed above. So getting?some?kind of video out of your laptop or desktop and into a display shouldn’t be an insurmountable challenge. However, due to the complexity of transitioning video and audio from one standard to another, these can cause problems. Converting the digital signal between standards typically means?using the lowest maximum resolution and refresh rate between them, and single-cable audio may or may not be available.

可以使用多種適配器來管理不同的連接和電纜，這些適配器或多或少地往返于上面列出的所有插頭和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。 因此，將某種視頻從筆記本電腦或臺式機中帶入顯示器并不是一個不可克服的挑戰(zhàn)。 但是，由于將視頻和音頻從一種標(biāo)準(zhǔn)過渡到另一種標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的復(fù)雜性，可能會引起問題。 在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)之間轉(zhuǎn)換數(shù)字信號通常意味著在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)之間使用最低的最大分辨率和刷新率，并且單電纜音頻可能可用或可能不可用。

A Mini-DisplayPort to HDMI adapter. Many other types are available.Mini-DisplayPort轉(zhuǎn)HDMI適配器。 還有許多其他類型。

In addition, converting the digital video signal may break HDCP content encryption, forcing some video sources to display in low-resolution mode or not at all. (Here’s a primer on HDCP and the headaches it can cause for trying to watch high-definition video.) For this reason, it’s always best to stick to the same type of cable and connection for your computer and your display if at all possible.

此外，轉(zhuǎn)換數(shù)字視頻信號可能會破壞HDCP內(nèi)容加密，從而迫使某些視頻源以低分辨率模式顯示或根本不顯示。 (這是有關(guān)HDCP的入門知識，它可能會導(dǎo)致您嘗試觀看高清視頻時感到頭疼。)因此，如果可能的話，最好始終使用相同類型的電纜和電纜連接計算機和顯示器。

USB Type-C (USB Type-C)

Some new, high-end, or especially small machines are starting to rely on the Thunderbolt standard, which can operate on a flexible USB Type-C connector for video out, audio, data, and power, all at once. These multi-purpose ports are still rare on monitors, but the flexibility they offer is making them quite popular on laptops and tablets. Unfortunately, using one with most monitors and televisions at the moment will require yet another adapter.

一些新的高端機器，特別是小型機器，開始依賴Thunderbolt標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，該標(biāo)準(zhǔn)可以在靈活的USB Type-C接口上運行，以同時實現(xiàn)視頻輸出，音頻，數(shù)據(jù)和電源。 這些多功能端口在顯示器上仍然很少見，但是它們提供的靈活性使它們在筆記本電腦和平板電腦上非常受歡迎。 不幸的是，目前在大多數(shù)監(jiān)視器和電視上使用一個適配器將需要另一個適配器。

Image Credits: Martin Gooden/Flickr, Amazon

圖片來源： Martin Gooden / Flickr，亞馬遜

翻譯自: https://www.howtogeek.com/305410/hdmi-vs-displayport-vs-dvi-which-port-do-you-want-on-your-new-computer/

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