Openstack云平台的搭建与部署（具体实验过程截图评论拿）
目錄
Openstack云平臺(tái)的搭建與部署................................... 3
Keywords:Openstack、Cloud Computing、Iaas....................... 3
一、 緒論.................................................... 4
1.1 選題背景.................................................... 4
1.2 研究的目的和意義............................................ 4
二、 相關(guān)技術(shù)................................................ 4
2.1 環(huán)境配置.................................................... 4
2.2 數(shù)據(jù)庫MariaDB和消息隊(duì)列的安裝.............................. 6
2.3 安裝Keystone（控制節(jié)點(diǎn)）................................... 8
2.4 安裝Glance................................................ 12
2.5 安裝Nova（控制節(jié)點(diǎn)）...................................... 16
2.6 安裝Neutron............................................... 22
2.7 安裝DashBoard............................................. 24
2.8 部署計(jì)算節(jié)點(diǎn)............................................... 25
2.9 創(chuàng)建實(shí)例................................................... 29
2.10 配置cinder............................................... 32
2.11 配置swift................................................ 39
三、 系統(tǒng)需求分析........................................... 55
3.1 可行性分析................................................. 55
3.2 系統(tǒng)功能分析............................................... 55
3.3 系統(tǒng)非功能設(shè)計(jì)............................................. 58
四、 系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)............................................... 59
五、 系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)............................................... 62
5.1 登錄DashBoard............................................. 62
5.2 租戶用戶管理............................................... 63
5.3 創(chuàng)建網(wǎng)絡(luò)................................................... 63
5.4 查看鏡像................................................... 64
5.5 啟動(dòng)云主機(jī)................................................. 65
六、 結(jié)束語................................................. 65
七、 致謝................................................... 66
Openstack云平臺(tái)的搭建與部署
[摘 要]
OpenStack是一個(gè)開源的云計(jì)算管理平臺(tái)項(xiàng)目，由幾個(gè)主要的組件組合起來完成具體工作。OpenStack支持幾乎所有類型的云環(huán)境，項(xiàng)目目標(biāo)是提供實(shí)施簡單、可大規(guī)模擴(kuò)展、豐富、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)統(tǒng)一的云計(jì)算管理平臺(tái)。OpenStack通過各種互補(bǔ)的服務(wù)提供了基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施即服務(wù)（IaaS）的解決方案，每個(gè)服務(wù)提供API以進(jìn)行集成。
[關(guān)鍵詞]
Openstack、云計(jì)算、Iaas
Openstack cloud platform construction and deployment
Openstack is an open-source cloud computing management platform project, which is composed of several major components to complete the specific work. Openstack supports almost all types of cloud environments, and the goal of the project is to provide a cloud computing management platform with simple implementation, large-scale expansion, rich and unified standards. Openstack provides infrastructure as a service (IAAs) solutions through a variety of complementary services, each providing an API for integration
Keywords:Openstack、Cloud Computing、Iaas
- 緒論
- 選題背景
隨著計(jì)算科學(xué)和商業(yè)計(jì)算的發(fā)展，使得軟件模型和架構(gòu)越來越快地發(fā)生變化，同時(shí)促進(jìn)網(wǎng)格計(jì)算、并行計(jì)算、分布式計(jì)算迅速發(fā)展成為云計(jì)算。云計(jì)算主要包括基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施即服務(wù)(aS)， 平臺(tái)即服務(wù)(PaaS), 軟件即服務(wù)(SaaS)， 并通過這些技術(shù)將計(jì)算資源統(tǒng)一管理和調(diào)度。 作為一-種 新的計(jì)算模型，云計(jì)算憑借其低成本、高效率得到了快速發(fā)展，也促進(jìn)了近幾年開源云計(jì)算架構(gòu)的不斷發(fā)展和完善。
OpenStack是-一個(gè)開放源的云計(jì)算項(xiàng)目和工具集，并且提供了關(guān)于基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施即服務(wù)(laaS) 的解決方案。OpenStack不僅可以快速部署全虛擬化環(huán)境，而且可以通過此環(huán)境來建立多個(gè)互聯(lián)的虛擬服務(wù)器，并能夠使用戶快速部署應(yīng)用在虛擬機(jī)上。
研究目的：簡化云的部署過程并為其帶來良好的可擴(kuò)展性
研究意義：虛擬化技術(shù)突破了時(shí)間、空間的界限，使用Openstack搭建云平臺(tái)實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)于鏡像、網(wǎng)絡(luò)等按需分配，同時(shí)，云系統(tǒng)上的資源數(shù)據(jù)十分龐大，更新速度快還提供監(jiān)控等功能，方便使用和管理，有助于推動(dòng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)時(shí)代的發(fā)展。
- 相關(guān)技術(shù)
2.1 環(huán)境配置
在VMware上創(chuàng)建三臺(tái)虛擬機(jī)，分別是controller(4G),computer(4G)和cinder(3G)，為其分配網(wǎng)卡，分別是eth8，eth1，eth3，并為其設(shè)置好網(wǎng)絡(luò)ip，具體情況如下圖所示：
分別在三臺(tái)虛擬機(jī)上進(jìn)行如下操作：
hostnamectl set-hostname controller（對(duì)應(yīng)的主機(jī)名）
vim /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1?? localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1???????? localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
10.1.1.11????? controller
10.1.1.12????? computer1
10.1.1.13????? cinder
yum -y install ntp -y
修改配置文件/etc/ntp.conf
cp -a /etc/ntp.conf? /etc/ntp.conf_bak
控制節(jié)點(diǎn)
vi /etc/ntp.conf
server 0.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst
server 1.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst
server 2.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst
server 3.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst
server 127.127.1.0
fudge 127.127.1.0 stratum 0
其他節(jié)點(diǎn)修改如下
vi /etc/ntp.conf
server 0.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst
server 1.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst
server 2.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst
server 3.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst
server 9.1.1.11 prefer
systemctl restart ntpd
驗(yàn)證：ntpq -p
sed -i "s/\=enforcing/\=disabled/g" /etc/selinux/config
setenforce 0
chkconfig firewalld off
service firewalld stop
yum install -y vim net-tools
yum install openstack-selinux –y
yum install openstack-selinux \
python-openstackclient yum-plugin-priorities -y
yum install -y openstack-utils
2.2 數(shù)據(jù)庫MariaDB和消息隊(duì)列的安裝
安裝mariadb時(shí)，由于是國外源，可能會(huì)比較慢，需要更改為國內(nèi)源即可解決：
vim /etc/yum.repos.d/MariaDB.repo
[mariadb]
name = MariaDB
baseurl=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/mariadb/yum/10.1/centos7-amd64
gpgkey=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/mariadb/yum/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
gpgcheck=1
搭建Mariadb
yum install -y MariaDB-server MariaDB-client
vim /etc/my.cnf.d/mariadb-openstack.cnf
在 mysqld 區(qū)塊添加如下內(nèi)容：
[mysqld]
default-storage-engine=inodb ???????????????????
innodb_file_per_table
collation-server = utf8_general_ci
init-connect = 'SET NAMES utf8'
character-set-server = utf8
bind-address = 10.1.1.11
systemctl enable mariadb.service
systemctl restart mariadb.service
systemctl status mariadb.service
systemctl list-unit-files |grep mariadb.service
mysql_secure_installation
先按回車，然后按Y，設(shè)置 mysql 密碼，然后一直按 y 結(jié)束這里我們?cè)O(shè)置的密碼是 123456
安裝RabbitMQ
yum install -y erlang
yum install -y rabbitmq-server
systemctl enable rabbitmq-server.service
systemctl restart rabbitmq-server.service
??? systemctl status rabbitmq-server.service
systemctl list-unit-files |grep rabbitmq-server.service
rabbitmqctl add_user openstack 123456
rabbitmqctl set_permissions openstack ".*" ".*" ".*"
rabbitmqctl set_user_tags openstack administrator
rabbitmqctl list_users
?netstat -ntlp |grep 5672
/usr/lib/rabbitmq/bin/rabbitmq-plugins list
/usr/lib/rabbitmq/bin/rabbitmq-plugins??? enable rabbitmq_management? mochiweb webmachine rabbitmq_web_dispatch amqp_client rabbitmq_management_agent
用瀏覽器登錄http://9.1.1.11:15672 輸入 openstack/123456 也可以查看狀態(tài)信息
2.3 安裝Keystone（控制節(jié)點(diǎn)）
（1）創(chuàng)建 keystone 數(shù)據(jù)庫
mysql -uroot -p123456
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 11
Server version: 10.1.20-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]> create database keystone;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> grant all privileges on keystone.* to keystone@'localhost' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> grant all privileges on keystone.* to keystone@'' identified by '123456'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> exit
Bye
（2）安裝軟件包
yum -y install openstack-keystone \
openstack-utils python-openstackclient httpd mod_wsgi mod_ssl
(3)修改配置文件
cp -a? /etc/keystone/keystone.conf /etc/keystone/keystone.conf_bak
vi /etc/keystone/keystone.conf
memcache_servers = 10.1.1.11:11211 [database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://keystone:123456@10.1.1.11/keystone [token]
provider = fernet driver = memcache
（4）生成數(shù)據(jù)庫表
su -s /bin/bash keystone -c "keystone-manage db_sync"
（5）初始化秘鑰
keystone-manage fernet_setup --keystone-user keystone --keystone-group keystone
keystone-manage credential_setup --keystone-user keystone --keystone-group keystone
（6）定義本機(jī) IP
export controller=10.1.1.11
將keystone，adminpassword 替換為自己的密碼
keystone-manage bootstrap --bootstrap-password 123456 \
--bootstrap-admin-url http://$controller:35357/v3/ \
--bootstrap-internal-url http://$controller:35357/v3/ \
--bootstrap-public-url http://$controller:5000/v3/ \
--bootstrap-region-id RegionOne
（7）編 輯 /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
cp -a? /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf_bak ServerName controller
（8）創(chuàng)建軟連接
ln -s /usr/share/keystone/wsgi-keystone.conf /etc/httpd/conf.d/ # systemctl start httpd
systemctl enable httpd
（9）創(chuàng)建和加載環(huán)境變量
vim ~/keystonerc
export OS_USERNAME=admin export OS_PASSWORD=123456
export OS_PROJECT_NAME=admin
export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_AUTH_URL=http://10.1.1.11:35357/v3
export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3
chmod 600 ~/keystonerc
source ~/keystonerc
（10）創(chuàng)建 service
openstack project create --domain default \
--description "Service Project" service
（11）創(chuàng)建項(xiàng)目
# openstack project create --domain default \
--description "Demo Project" demo
openstack user create --domain default \
?--password-prompt demo
（13）創(chuàng)建角色
openstack role create user
（14）賦予用戶角色
openstack role add --project demo --user demo user
（15）驗(yàn)證
取消環(huán)境變量
unset OS_AUTH_URL OS_PASSWORD
驗(yàn)證 admin???
openstack --os-auth-url http://10.1.1.11:35357/v3 \
--os-project-domain-name Default --os-user-domain-name Default \
--os-project-name admin --os-username admin
驗(yàn)證demo
openstack --os-auth-url http://10.1.1.11:5000/v3 \
--os-project-domain-name Default --os-user-domain-name Default \
--os-project-name demo --os-username demo
(16)寫入系統(tǒng)變量中
echo "source ~/keystonerc " >>
~/.bash_profile # source
~/.bash_profile
2.4 安裝Glance
(1)創(chuàng)建 glance 用戶
openstack user create --domain default --project service --password 123456 glance
(2)賦予 glance 用戶 admin 權(quán)限
openstack role add --project service --user glance admin
(3)創(chuàng)建 glance 服務(wù)
openstack service create --name glance --description "OpenStack Image service" image
（4）定義 controller管理網(wǎng)IP
export controller=10.1.1.11
(5)創(chuàng)建public的endpoint
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne image public http://$controller:9292
（6）創(chuàng)建 internal 的 endpoint
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne image internal http://$controller:9292
（7）創(chuàng)建 admin 的 endpoint
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne image admin http://$controller:9292
（8）創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫
mysql -uroot -p123456
MariaDB [(none)]> create database glance;
MariaDB [(none)]> grant all privileges on glance.* to glance@'localhost' identified by '123456';
MariaDB [(none)]> grant all privileges on glance.* to glance@' ' identified by '123456'; MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
MariaDB [(none)]> exit
（9）安裝軟件包
yum-y install openstack-glance
（10）修改配置文件
mv /etc/glance/glance-api.conf ?/etc/glance/glance-api.conf.org
vi /etc/glance/glance-api.conf
[DEFAULT]
bind_host = 0.0.0.0
notification_driver = noop
[glance_store]
stores = file,http
default_store = file
filesystem_store_datadir = /var/lib/glance/images/
[database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://glance:123456@10.1.1.11/glance
[keystone_authtoken]
auth_uri = http://10.1.1.11:5000
auth_url = http://10.1.1.11:35357
memcached_servers = 10.1.1.11:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = glance
password = 123456
[paste_deploy]
flavor = keystone
(11)修改配置文件 glance-registry.conf
mv /etc/glance/glance-registry.conf /etc/glance/glance-registry.conf.org
vi /etc/glance/glance-registry.conf
[DEFAULT]
bind_host = 0.0.0.0
notification_driver = noop
[database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://glance:123456@10.1.1.11/glance
[keystone_authtoken]
auth_uri = http://10.1.1.11:5000
auth_url = http://10.1.1.11:35357
memcached_servers = 10.1.1.11:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = glance password = 123456
[paste_deploy]
flavor = keystone
（12）修改文件權(quán)限
chmod 640
/etc/glance/glance-api.conf /etc/glance/glance-registry.conf
chown root:glance /etc/glance/glance-api.conf \ /etc/glance/glance-registry.conf
su -s /bin/bash glance -c "glance-manage db_sync"
systemctl start openstack-glance-api openstack-glance-registry
systemctl enable openstack-glance-api openstack-glance-registry
引用環(huán)境變量
source admin-openrc
下載鏡像
wget \ ?????? ?http://download.cirros-cloud.net/0.3.5/cirros-0.3.5-x86_64-disk.img
加載鏡像
openstack image create "cirros" \
--file cirros-0.3.4-x86_64-disk.img \
--disk-format qcow2 --container-format bare \
--public
查看鏡像
Openstack image list
2.5 安裝Nova（控制節(jié)點(diǎn)）
mysql -u root -p123456
CREATE DATABASE?? nova_placement ;
CREATE DATABASE?? nova_cell0 ;
CREATE DATABASE?? nova ;
CREATE DATABASE?? nova_api ;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_cell0.* TO 'nova'@'localhost' \??
IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_cell0.* TO 'nova'@'' \
IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
GRANT? ALL? PRIVILEGES? ON? nova_placement.* \
TO? 'nova'@'localhost'??? IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_placement.* TO 'nova'@'' \
IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_api.* TO 'nova'@'localhost' \?
IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_api.* TO 'nova'@'' \
IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova.* TO 'nova'@'localhost' \
IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova.* TO 'nova'@''? IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
（2）創(chuàng)建用戶
openstack user create --domain default??? --password 123456 nova
（3）賦予 admin 權(quán)限
openstack role add --project service --user nova admin
（4）創(chuàng)建service
openstack service create --name nova --description "OpenStack Compute" compute
（5）創(chuàng)建 endpoint
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne compute public http://10.1.1.11:8774/v2.1
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne compute internal http://10.1.1.11:8774/v2.1
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne placement admin http://10.1.1.11:8778
（6）創(chuàng)建 placement用戶
openstack user create --domain default --password 123456 placement
（7）賦予admin權(quán)限
openstack role add --project service --user placement admin
（8）創(chuàng)建服務(wù)
openstack service create --name placement --description "Placement API" placement
（9）創(chuàng)建endpoint
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne placement public http://10.1.1.11:8778
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne placement internal http://10.1.1.11:8778
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne placement admin http://10.1.1.11:8778
（10）安裝軟件包
yum install openstack-nova-api openstack-nova-conductor \
openstack-nova-console openstack-nova-novncproxy \
??openstack-nova-scheduler openstack-nova-placement-api -y
（11）修改配置文件/etc/nova/nova.conf
[DEFAULT]
enabled_apis = osapi_compute,metadata
[api_database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:123456@10.1.1.11/nova_api ????? [database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:123456@10.1.1.11/nova
#消息隊(duì)列
[DEFAULT]
transport_url = rabbit://openstack:123456@10.1.1.11
#keystone 認(rèn)證
[api]
auth_strategy = keystone
[keystone_authtoken]
auth_uri = http://10.1.1.11:5000
auth_url = http://10.1.1.11:35357
memcached_servers = 10.1.1.11:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default project_name = service
username = nova
password = 123456
[DEFAULT]
my_ip = 10.1.1.11
#管理網(wǎng) IP
[DEFAULT]
use_neutron = True
firewall_driver = nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver
[vnc]
enabled = true
vncserver_listen = $my_ip
vncserver_proxyclient_address = $my_ip
[glance]
api_servers = http://10.1.1.11:9292
[oslo_concurrency]
lock_path = /var/lib/nova/tmp
[placement]
os_region_name = RegionOne
project_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
auth_type = password
user_domain_name = Default
auth_url = http://10.1.1.11:35357/v3
username = placement
password = 123456
（12）寫入配置文件
vi /etc/httpd/conf.d/00-nova-placement-api.conf
Listen 8778
<VirtualHost *:8778>
WSGIProcessGroup nova-placement-api
WSGIApplicationGroup %{GLOBAL}
WSGIPassAuthorization On
WSGIDaemonProcess nova-placement-api processes=3 threads=1 user=nova
group=nova
WSGIScriptAlias / /usr/bin/nova-placement-api
<IfVersion >= 2.4>
ErrorLogFormat "%M"
</IfVersion>
ErrorLog /var/log/nova/nova-placement-api.log
#SSLEngine On
#SSLCertificateFile ...
#SSLCertificateKeyFile ...
<Directory /usr/bin>
Require all granted
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
Alias /nova-placement-api /usr/bin/nova-placement-api
<Location /nova-placement-api>
SetHandler wsgi-script
Options +ExecCGI
WSGIProcessGroup nova-placement-api
WSGIApplicationGroup %{GLOBAL}
WSGIPassAuthorization On
</Location>
（13）重啟服務(wù)
systemctl restart httpd
（14）驗(yàn)證監(jiān)聽
ss -tanlp | grep 8778
（15）同步數(shù)據(jù)庫
su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage api_db sync" nova
su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 map_cell0" nova
su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 create_cell --name=cell1 --verbose" nova
su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage db sync" nova
nova-manage cell_v2 list_cells
（16）啟動(dòng)服務(wù)并設(shè)置開機(jī)啟動(dòng)
systemctl enable openstack-nova-api.service \
openstack-nova-consoleauth.service \ ? ?openstack-nova-scheduler.service \
openstack-nova-conductor.service\
openstack-nova-novncproxy.service
systemctl start openstack-nova-api.service \
openstack-nova-consoleauth.service\
openstack-nova-scheduler.service \
openstack-nova-conductor.service\
openstack-nova-novncproxy.service
2.6 安裝Neutron
（1）創(chuàng)建 neutron 數(shù)據(jù)庫
mysql -u root -p123456
CREATE DATABASE neutron;
（2）創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫用戶并賦予權(quán)限
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON neutron.* TO 'neutron'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON neutron.* TO 'neutron'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
（3）創(chuàng)建 neutron 用戶及賦予 admin 權(quán)限
source /root/admin-openrc.sh
openstack user create --domain default neutron --password 123456
openstack role add --project service --user neutron admin
（4）創(chuàng)建 network 服務(wù)
openstack service create --name neutron --description "OpenStack Networking" network
（5）創(chuàng)建 endpoint
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne network public http://controller:9696
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne network internal http://controller:9696
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne network admin http://controller:9696
（6）安裝 neutron 相關(guān)軟件
yum install openstack-neutron openstack-neutron-ml2 openstack-neutron-linuxbridge
ebtables -y
（7）配置 neutron 配置文件/etc/neutron/neutron.conf
（8）配置/etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini
（9）配置/etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini
（10）配置 /etc/neutron/l3_agent.ini
（11）配置/etc/neutron/dhcp_agent.ini
（12）重新配置/etc/nova/nova.conf，配置這步的目的是讓 compute 節(jié)點(diǎn)能使用上neutron 網(wǎng)絡(luò)
（13）將 dhcp-option-force=26,1450 寫/etc/neutron/dnsmasq-neutron.conf
echo "dhcp-option-force=26,1450" >/etc/neutron/dnsmasq-neutron.conf
（14）配置/etc/neutron/metadata_agent.ini
（15）創(chuàng)建軟鏈接
ln -s /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini /etc/neutron/plugin.ini
(16)同步數(shù)據(jù)庫
su -s /bin/sh -c "neutron-db-manage --config-file /etc/neutron/neutron.conf -- config-file /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini upgrade head" neutron
?(17)重啟 nova 服務(wù)，因?yàn)閯偛鸥牧?nova.conf
systemctl restart openstack-nova-api.service
systemctl status openstack-nova-api.service
(18)重啟 neutron 服務(wù)并設(shè)置開機(jī)啟動(dòng)
systemctl enable neutron-server.service neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service neutron
dhcp-agent.service neutron-metadata-agent.service
systemctl restart neutron-server.service neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service neutron
dhcp-agent.service neutron-metadata-agent.service
systemctl status neutron-server.service neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service neutron
dhcp-agent.service neutron-metadata-agent.service?
(19)啟動(dòng) neutron-l3-agent.service 并設(shè)置開機(jī)啟動(dòng)
systemctl enable neutron-l3-agent.service
systemctl start neutron-l3-agent.service
systemctl status neutron-l3-agent.service
(20)執(zhí)行驗(yàn)證
source /root/admin-openrc
neutron ext-list
neutron agent-list
2.7 安裝DashBoard
(1)安裝 dashboard 相關(guān)軟件包
yum install openstack-dashboard -y
(2)修改配置文件/etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings
vim /etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings
（3）啟動(dòng) dashboard 服務(wù)并設(shè)置開機(jī)啟動(dòng)
systemctl enable httpd.service memcached.service
systemctl restart httpd.service memcached.service
systemctl status httpd.service memcached.service
到此，Controller 節(jié)點(diǎn)搭建完畢，打開 firefox 瀏覽器即可訪問 http://9.1.1.11/dashboard/ ，可進(jìn)入 openstack 界面！
2.8 部署計(jì)算節(jié)點(diǎn)
安裝nova（計(jì)算節(jié)點(diǎn)）
（1）安裝nova軟件包
首先卸載舊版本 qemu-kvm
yum –y remove qemu-kvm
下載源碼
wget https://download.qemu.org/qemu-3.1.0-rc0.tar.xz
安裝依賴包
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ automake libtool zlib-devel glib2-devel bzip2-devel libuuid devel spice-protocol spice-server-devel usbredir-devel libaio-devel
編譯安裝
tar -xvJf qemu-3.1.0-rc0.tar.xz
cd qemu-3.1.0-rc0
./configure
make && make install
編譯完成之后 做鏈接
ln -s /usr/local/bin/qemu-system-x86_64 /usr/bin/qemu-kvm
ln -s /usr/local/bin/qemu-system-x86_64 /usr/libexec/qemu-kvm
ln -s /usr/local/bin/qemu-img /usr/bin/qemu-img
查看當(dāng)前 qemu 版本
qemu-img --version
qemu-kvm –version
yum install libvirt-client
yum install openstack-nova-compute –y
修改配置文件/etc/nova/nova.conf
[DEFAULT]
enabled_apis = osapi_compute,metadata
transport_url = rabbit://openstack:123456@10.1.1.11
my_ip = 10.1.1.12
use_neutron = True
firewall_driver = nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver
[api]
auth_strategy = keystone
[keystone_authtoken]
auth_uri = http://10.1.1.11:5000
auth_url = http://10.1.1.11:35357
memcached_servers = 10.1.1.11:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = nova
password = 123456
[vnc]
enabled = True
vncserver_listen = 0.0.0.0
vncserver_proxyclient_address = $my_ip
novncproxy_base_url = http://10.1.1.11:6080/vnc_auto.html
[glance]
api_servers = http://10.1.1.11:9292
[oslo_concurrency]
lock_path = /var/lib/nova/tmp
[placement]
os_region_name = RegionOne
project_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
auth_type = password
user_domain_name = Default
auth_url = http://10.1.1.11:35357/v3
username = placement
password = 123456
（2）檢測是否支持虛擬化
egrep -c '(vmx|svm)' /proc/cpuinfo
（3）啟動(dòng)服務(wù)并設(shè)置開機(jī)啟動(dòng)
systemctl enable libvirtd.service openstack-nova-compute.service?
systemctl start libvirtd.service openstack-nova-compute.service?
控制節(jié)點(diǎn)
（4）驗(yàn)證
openstack compute service list--service nova-compute
（5）發(fā)現(xiàn)計(jì)算節(jié)點(diǎn)
su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 discover_hosts --verbose" nova
(6)驗(yàn)證
查看服務(wù)
openstack compute service list
在 Identity Service 中列出 API 的 endpoint，以驗(yàn)證與 Identity 服務(wù)的連接正常
openstack catalog list
查看鏡像服務(wù)
openstack image list
驗(yàn)證 cells and placement API 是否正常
nova-status upgrade check
安裝 Neutron（計(jì)算節(jié)點(diǎn)）
（1）安裝相關(guān)軟件包
yum install openstack-neutron-linuxbridge ebtables ipset -y
（2）配置 neutron.conf
（3）配置/etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini
（4）配置 nova.conf
systemctl restart libvirtd.service openstack-nova-compute.service
systemctl enable neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service
systemctl restart neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service
systemctl status libvirtd.service openstack-nova-compute.service neutron-linuxbridge agent.service
2.9 創(chuàng)建實(shí)例
執(zhí)行環(huán)境變量，創(chuàng)建flat模式的public網(wǎng)絡(luò)，創(chuàng)建public網(wǎng)絡(luò)子網(wǎng)，創(chuàng)建private的私有網(wǎng)絡(luò)，private-subnet 的私有網(wǎng)絡(luò)子網(wǎng)，創(chuàng)建三個(gè)不同名稱的私有網(wǎng)絡(luò)，創(chuàng)建路由。
source ~/keystonerc
neutron --debug net-create --shared provider --router:external True --
provider:network_type flat --provider:physical_network provider
neutron subnet-create provider 9.1.1.0/24 --name provider-sub --allocation-pool
start=9.1.1.50,end=9.1.1.90 --dns-nameserver 8.8.8.8 --gateway 9.1.1.254
neutron net-create private --provider:network_type vxlan --router:external False --shared
neutron subnet-create private --name private-subnet --gateway 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.0/24
neutron net-create private-office --provider:network_type vxlan --router:external False -- shared
neutron subnet-create private-office --name office-net --gateway 192.168.2.1 192.168.2.0/24
neutron net-create private-sale --provider:network_type vxlan--router:external False -- shared
neutron subnet-create private-sale --name sale-net --gateway 192.168.3.1 192.168.3.0/24
neutron net-create private-technology --provider:network_type vxlan --router:external False --shared
neutron subnet-create private-technology --name technology-net --gateway 192.168.4.1 192.168.4.0/24
2.10 配置cinder
安裝計(jì)算節(jié)點(diǎn)
（1）創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫用戶并賦予權(quán)限
CREATE DATABASE cinder;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON cinder.* TO 'cinder'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY ‘123456’；
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON cinder.* TO 'cinder'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY ‘123456’
（2）創(chuàng)建 cinder 用戶并賦予 admin 權(quán)限
source /root/admin-openrc
openstack user create --domain default cinder --password 123456
openstack role add --project service --user cinder admin
（3）創(chuàng)建 volume 服務(wù)
openstack service create --name cinder --description "OpenStack Block Storage" volume
openstack service create --name cinderv2 --description "OpenStack Block Storage" volumev2
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne volume public
http://controller:8776/v1/%\(tenant_id\)s
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne volume internal
http://controller:8776/v1/%\(tenant_id\)s
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne volume admin
http://controller:8776/v1/%\(tenant_id\)s
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne volumev2 public
http://controller:8776/v2/%\(tenant_id\)s
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne volumev2 internal
http://controller:8776/v2/%\(tenant_id\)s
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne volumev2 admin
http://controller:8776/v2/%\(tenant_id\)s
（5）安裝 cinder 相關(guān)服務(wù)
yum install openstack-cinder -y
（6）配置 cinder 配置文件
（7）同步數(shù)據(jù)庫
su -s /bin/sh -c "cinder-manage db sync" cinder
（8）在 controller 上啟動(dòng) cinder 服務(wù)，并設(shè)置開機(jī)啟動(dòng)
systemctl enable openstack-cinder-api.service openstack-cinder-scheduler.service
systemctl start openstack-cinder-api.service openstack-cinder-scheduler.service
systemctl status openstack-cinder-api.service openstack-cinder-scheduler.service
安裝cinder節(jié)點(diǎn)
（9）安裝 Cinder 節(jié)點(diǎn)，Cinder 節(jié)點(diǎn)這里我們需要額外的添加一個(gè)硬盤（/dev/sdb) 用作 cinder 的存儲(chǔ)服務(wù)
yum install lvm2 -y
（10）啟動(dòng)服務(wù)并設(shè)置為開機(jī)自啟
systemctl enable lvm2-lvmetad.service
systemctl start lvm2-lvmetad.service
systemctl status lvm2-lvmetad.service
（11）創(chuàng)建 lvm, 這里的/dev/sdb 就是額外添加的硬盤
fdisk -l
pvcreate /dev/sdb
vgcreate cinder-volumes /dev/sdb
（12）編輯存儲(chǔ)節(jié)點(diǎn) lvm.conf 文件
vim /etc/lvm/lvm.conf
在 devices 下面添加 filter = [ "a/sda/", "a/sdb/", "r/.*/"]
然后重啟下 lvm2 服務(wù)：
systemctl restart lvm2-lvmetad.service
systemctl status lvm2-lvmetad.service
（13）安裝 openstack-cinder、targetcli
yum install openstack-cinder openstack-utils targetcli python-keystone ntpdate -y
（14）配置 cinder 配置文件
（15）啟動(dòng) openstack-cinder-volume 和 target 并設(shè)置開機(jī)啟動(dòng)
systemctl enable openstack-cinder-volume.service target.service
systemctl restart openstack-cinder-volume.service target.service
systemctl status openstack-cinder-volume.service target.service
（16）驗(yàn)證 cinder 服務(wù)是否正常 （計(jì)算節(jié)點(diǎn)）
source /root/admin-openrc
cinder service-list
配置 cinder（computer 節(jié)點(diǎn)部署）
（1）計(jì)算節(jié)點(diǎn)要是想用 cinder,那么需要配置 nova 配置文件(注意！這一步是在計(jì) 算節(jié)點(diǎn)操作的）
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf cinder os_region_name RegionOne
systemctl restart libvirtd.service openstack-nova-compute.service
（2）然后在 controller 上重啟 nova 服務(wù)
systemctl restart openstack-nova-api.service
systemctl status openstack-nova-api.service
（3）驗(yàn)證（控制節(jié)點(diǎn)）
source /root/admin-openrc
neutron ext-list
neutron agent-list
2.11 配置swift
控制節(jié)點(diǎn)
（1）獲得admin憑證
source keystonerc ?
（2）創(chuàng)建swift用戶，給swift用戶添加admin角色：
openstack?user?create?--domain?default?--password=swift?swift??
openstack?role?add?--project?service?--user?swift?admin
（3）創(chuàng)建swift服務(wù)條目，創(chuàng)建對(duì)象存儲(chǔ)服務(wù) API 端點(diǎn)，dashboard中看效果
openstack service create --name swift?? --description "OpenStack Object Storage" object-store
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne?? object-store public http://controller:8080/v1/AUTH_%\(tenant_id\)s
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne?? object-store internal http://controller:8080/v1/AUTH_%\(tenant_id\)s
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne?? object-store admin http://controller:8080/v1
（4）安裝軟件包
yum install openstack-swift-proxy
python-swiftclient python-keystoneclient python-keystonemiddleware memcached -y
（5）從對(duì)象存儲(chǔ)的倉庫源中獲取代理服務(wù)的配置文件
curl -o
/etc/swift/proxy-server.conf https://git.openstack.org/cgit/openstack/swift/plain/etc/proxy-server.conf-sample?h=stable/pike
https://git.openstack.org/cgit/openstack/swift/plain/etc/proxy-server.conf-sample?h=stable/pike中的內(nèi)容覆蓋配置文件中原有的東西，然后進(jìn)行修改）
vi /etc/swift/proxy-server.conf
在[DEFAULT]項(xiàng)，配置Swift對(duì)象存儲(chǔ)服務(wù)組件使用的端口、用戶和配置路徑
[DEFAULT]
# bind_ip = 0.0.0.0
bind_port = 8080
# bind_timeout = 30
# backlog = 4096
swift_dir = /etc/swift
user = swift
在[pipeline:main]項(xiàng)，啟用相關(guān)的模塊
[pipeline:main]
pipeline = catch_errors gatekeeper healthcheck proxy-logging cache container_sync bulk ratelimit authtoken keystoneauth container-quotas account-quotas slo dlo versioned_writes proxy-logging proxy-server
在[app:proxy-server]項(xiàng)，啟用自動(dòng)賬戶創(chuàng)建
[app:proxy-server]
use = egg:swift#proxy
account_autocreate = true
在[filter:keystoneauth]項(xiàng)，配置操作用戶角色
[filter:keystoneauth]
use = egg:swift#keystoneauth
operator_roles = admin, user
在[filter:authtoken]項(xiàng)，配置keystone身份認(rèn)證服務(wù)組件訪問
[filter:authtoken]
paste.filter_factory = ? keystonemiddleware.auth_token:filter_factory
auth_uri = http://controller:5000
auth_url = http://controller:35357
memcached_servers = controller:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = swift
password = swift
delay_auth_decision = True
在[filter:cache]項(xiàng)，配置MemCached的訪問路徑
[filter:cache]
use = egg:swift#memcache
memcache_servers = controller:11211
存儲(chǔ)節(jié)點(diǎn)配置
關(guān)閉虛擬機(jī)，在設(shè)置中新建一個(gè)磁盤
（1）安裝服務(wù)工具包
yum install xfsprogs rsync -y
（2）數(shù)據(jù)盤配置?/dev/sdc
mkfs.xfs /dev/sdc? #格式化xfs
mkdir -p /srv/node/sdb? #創(chuàng)建掛載點(diǎn)目錄結(jié)構(gòu)
（3）編輯“/etc/fstab”文件并添加以下內(nèi)容
/dev/sdc /srv/node/sdc xfs noatime,nodiratime,nobarrier,logbufs=8 0 2
（4）掛載硬盤
mount /srv/node/sdb??
（5）查看硬盤
df -h
（6）文件配置rsync
vi /etc/rsyncd.conf
uid = swift
gid = swift
log file = /var/log/rsyncd.log
pid file = /var/run/rsyncd.pid
address = 9.1.1.13
[account]
max connections = 2
path = /srv/node/
read only = False
lock file = /var/lock/account.lock
[container]
max connections = 2
path = /srv/node/
read only = False#
lock file = /var/lock/container.lock
[object]
max connections = 2
path = /srv/node/
read only = False
lock file = /var/lock/object.lock
（7）啟動(dòng) “rsyncd” 服務(wù)和配置它隨系統(tǒng)啟動(dòng)
systemctl enable rsyncd.service
systemctl start rsyncd.service
（8）安裝和配置Swift對(duì)象存儲(chǔ)服務(wù)組件
安裝軟件包
yum install openstack-swift-account openstack-swift-container \
openstack-swift-object
從對(duì)象存儲(chǔ)源倉庫中獲取accounting, container以及object服務(wù)配置文件
curl -o
/etc/swift/account-server.conf https://git.openstack.org/cgit/openstack/swift/plain/etc/account-server.conf-sample?h=stable/pike
curl -o
/etc/swift/container-server.conf https://git.openstack.org/cgit/openstack/swift/plain/etc/container-server.conf-sample?h=stable/pike
curl -o
/etc/swift/object-server.conf https://git.openstack.org/cgit/openstack/swift/plain/etc/object-server.conf-sample?h=stable/pike
（9）修改配置文件（使鏈接中的內(nèi)容覆蓋原有的配置文件，分別對(duì)其進(jìn)行修改）
vi /etc/swift/account-server.conf
[DEFAULT]
bind_ip = 9.1.1.13
bind_port = 6002
# bind_timeout = 30
# backlog = 4096
user = swift
swift_dir = /etc/swift
devices = /srv/node
[pipeline:main]
pipeline = healthcheck recon account-server
[filter:recon]
use = egg:swift#recon
recon_cache_path = /var/cache/swift
vi /etc/swift/container-server.conf
[DEFAULT]
bind_ip = 9.1.1.13
bind_port = 6001
# bind_timeout = 30
# backlog = 4096
user = swift
swift_dir = /etc/swift
devices = /srv/node
[pipeline:main]
pipeline = healthcheck recon account-server
[filter:recon]
use = egg:swift#recon
recon_cache_path = /var/cache/swift
vi /etc/swift/object-server.conf
[DEFAULT]
bind_ip = 9.1.1.13
bind_port = 6000
# bind_timeout = 30
# backlog = 4096
user = swift
swift_dir = /etc/swift
devices = /srv/node
[pipeline:main]
pipeline = healthcheck recon account-server
[filter:recon]
use = egg:swift#recon
recon_cache_path = /var/cache/swift
recon_lock_path = /var/lock
（10）創(chuàng)建目錄，更改權(quán)限
chown -R swift:swift /srv/node
mkdir -p /var/cache/swift
chown -R swift:swift /var/cache/swift
chmod -R 775 /var/cache/swift
控制節(jié)點(diǎn)：
（1）創(chuàng)建目錄，更改權(quán)限創(chuàng)建，分發(fā)并初始化環(huán)（rings）
#在/etc/swift/目錄創(chuàng)建賬戶Account Ring，只有一個(gè)硬盤，只能創(chuàng)建一個(gè)副本
#創(chuàng)建基本 account.builder 文件
swift-ring-builder account.builder create 10 1 1
#添加每個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)到 ring 中
swift-ring-builder?account.builder add --region?1?--zone 1 --ip 9.1.1.13?--port?6002?--device?sdc?--weight?100
#驗(yàn)證 ring 的內(nèi)容
swift-ring-builder account.builder?
#平衡 ring
swift-ring-builder account.builder rebalance
#驗(yàn)證 ring 的內(nèi)容
swift-ring-builder account.builder?
?
#在/etc/swift/目錄創(chuàng)建容器container.builder，只有一個(gè)硬盤，只能創(chuàng)建一個(gè)副本
#創(chuàng)建基本 container.builder 文件
swift-ring-builder container.builder create 10 1 1?
#添加每個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)到 ring 中
swift-ring-builder container.builder add? --region 1 --zone 1 --ip 9.1.1.13 --port 6001 --device sdc --weight 100
#驗(yàn)證 ring 的內(nèi)容
swift-ring-builder account.builder??
#平衡 ring
swift-ring-builder account.builder rebalance
#驗(yàn)證 ring 的內(nèi)容
swift-ring-builder account.builder
#在/etc/swift/目錄創(chuàng)建對(duì)象object.builder，只有一個(gè)硬盤，只能創(chuàng)建一個(gè)副本
swift-ring-builder object.builder create 10 1 1?
#創(chuàng)建基本 object.builder 文件
#添加每個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)到 ring 中
swift-ring-builder container.builder add? --region 1 --zone 1 --ip 9.1.1.13 --port 6000 --device sdc --weight 100
#驗(yàn)證 ring 的內(nèi)容
swift-ring-builder account.builder??
#平衡 ring
swift-ring-builder account.builder rebalance
#驗(yàn)證 ring 的內(nèi)容
swift-ring-builder account.builder
（2）復(fù)制“account.ring.gz”，“container.ring.gz”和“object.ring.gz”文件到每個(gè)存儲(chǔ)節(jié)點(diǎn)和其他運(yùn)行了代理服務(wù)的額外節(jié)點(diǎn)的 /etc/swift 目錄。
（3）配置/etc/swift/swift.conf
#從對(duì)象存儲(chǔ)源倉庫中獲取 /etc/swift/swift.conf 文件
curl -o
/etc/swift/swift.conf https://git.openstack.org/cgit/openstack/swift/plain/etc/swift.conf-sample?h=stable/pike
vi /etc/swift/swift.conf
[swift-hash]
swift_hash_path_suffix = start
swift_hash_path_prefix = end
[storage-policy:0]
name = Policy-0
default = yes
#復(fù)制“swift.conf” 文件到每個(gè)存儲(chǔ)節(jié)點(diǎn)和其他允許了代理服務(wù)的額外節(jié)點(diǎn)的 /etc/swift 目錄，修改權(quán)限：
chown -R root:swift /etc/swift/*
（4）啟動(dòng)服務(wù)
#控制節(jié)點(diǎn)
systemctl enable openstack-swift-proxy.service memcached.service
systemctl start openstack-swift-proxy.service memcached.service
#存儲(chǔ)節(jié)點(diǎn)
systemctl enable
openstack-swift-account.service openstack-swift-account-auditor.service openstack-swift-account-reaper.service openstack-swift-account-replicator.service
systemctl start
openstack-swift-account.service openstack-swift-account-auditor.service
openstack-swift-account-reaper.service openstack-swift-account-replicator.service
systemctl enable openstack-swift-container.service
openstack-swift-container-auditor.service openstack-swift-container-replicator.service
openstack-swift-container-updater.service
systemctl start openstack-swift-container.service
openstack-swift-container-auditor.service openstack-swift-container-replicator.service
openstack-swift-container-updater.service
systemctl enable
openstack-swift-object.service openstack-swift-object-auditor.service openstack-swift-object-replicator.service openstack-swift-object-updater.service
systemctl start
openstack-swift-object.service openstack-swift-object-auditor.service openstack-swift-object-replicator.service openstack-swift-object-updater.service
（5）驗(yàn)證
swift stat
- 系統(tǒng)需求分析
3.1 可行性分析
基于OpenStack云平臺(tái)中的虛擬化資源進(jìn)行建模，把抽象的資源實(shí)例化來操作，分別在服務(wù)層面和資源層面進(jìn)行描述，然后提出一種面向計(jì)算資源實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測反饋綜合負(fù)載均衡的調(diào)度算法，能夠?qū)崟r(shí)的分析各計(jì)算資源在云數(shù)據(jù)中心資源池中所占的比例和權(quán)重值來進(jìn)行合理的分配和調(diào)度虛擬機(jī)實(shí)例，并通過在云仿真平臺(tái)cloudsim上進(jìn)行對(duì)比實(shí)驗(yàn)得以驗(yàn)證算法能有效地提高數(shù)據(jù)中心的負(fù)載均衡能力，系統(tǒng)能自動(dòng)的對(duì)資源進(jìn)行調(diào)整，提高了系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行的穩(wěn)定性和執(zhí)行效率。
3.2 系統(tǒng)功能分析
用戶通過登錄頁面，輸入賬號(hào)，密碼就可以進(jìn)入openstack管理頁面。
路由管理：管理員->網(wǎng)絡(luò)->路由，進(jìn)入路由管理頁面，就可以進(jìn)行添加、刪除、搜索和編輯路由。
網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理：管理員->網(wǎng)絡(luò)->網(wǎng)絡(luò)，進(jìn)入網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理頁面，就可以進(jìn)行添加、刪除、搜索和編輯網(wǎng)絡(luò)。
虛擬機(jī)管理：管理員->計(jì)算->實(shí)例類型，進(jìn)入實(shí)例管理頁面，可以創(chuàng)建、刪除、搜索和修改使用權(quán)等。點(diǎn)擊實(shí)例，可以創(chuàng)建、刪除和啟動(dòng)實(shí)例等。啟動(dòng)實(shí)例后，進(jìn)入虛擬機(jī)，可以進(jìn)行操作。
容器管理：項(xiàng)目->對(duì)象存儲(chǔ)->容器，可以顯示所擁有的容器及其其中的信息。
3.3 系統(tǒng)非功能設(shè)計(jì)
性能需求：
環(huán)境需求：
服務(wù)需求：
- 系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)
- 系統(tǒng)功能模塊詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)
路由管理：安裝完成一系列所需軟件后，進(jìn)入路由管理頁面，點(diǎn)擊新建路由，創(chuàng)建新的路由，然后點(diǎn)擊輸入路由名稱，外部網(wǎng)絡(luò)選擇前面所配置的外部網(wǎng)絡(luò)，點(diǎn)擊新建路由完成創(chuàng)建。在頁面有一系列的功能可以選擇，按自己的需求選擇自己所需要的功能進(jìn)行操作。
網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理：安裝完成一系列所需軟件后，在路由管理中，點(diǎn)擊路由名稱，可以新增接口，只選擇子網(wǎng)就可以，IP地址可以不用選，這樣可以將網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接到外網(wǎng)上，進(jìn)入網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理可以看到網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓?fù)鋱D。上面顯示了網(wǎng)絡(luò)的信息，也展現(xiàn)了網(wǎng)絡(luò)的狀態(tài)等信息。
虛擬機(jī)管理：安裝完成一系列所需軟件后，進(jìn)入管理頁面創(chuàng)建實(shí)例，創(chuàng)建時(shí)，詳情、源、實(shí)例類型、網(wǎng)絡(luò)必須填，其他的可以不填。實(shí)例創(chuàng)建完成后，點(diǎn)擊實(shí)例名稱，然后進(jìn)入控制臺(tái)，可以看到虛擬機(jī)的控制臺(tái)，登錄就可以正常使用。
容器管理：安裝完成一系列所需軟件后，執(zhí)行相關(guān)的文件上傳命令，然后進(jìn)入容器管理頁面，可以查看容器的名稱，點(diǎn)擊可以查看容器的信息，同時(shí)旁邊會(huì)顯示容器里面的內(nèi)容，即上傳的文件信息。
- 系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)
5.1 登錄DashBoard
進(jìn)入瀏覽器，輸入網(wǎng)址9.1.1.11:/dashboard，然后進(jìn)行登陸，用戶名為admin，密碼為123456，然后可以進(jìn)入管理系統(tǒng)。
5.2 租戶用戶管理
登錄進(jìn)入管理系統(tǒng)后，查看用戶信息，可以顯示所有的用戶信息并可以進(jìn)行操作。
5.3 創(chuàng)建網(wǎng)絡(luò)
使用一系列的命令創(chuàng)建網(wǎng)絡(luò)后，進(jìn)入管理系統(tǒng)查看網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息，創(chuàng)建路由后，添加路由接口，可以讓選擇的網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接外網(wǎng)，進(jìn)入網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓?fù)渲?#xff0c;可以查看到相應(yīng)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓?fù)鋱D。
5.4 查看鏡像
進(jìn)入管理系統(tǒng)，查看所擁有的鏡像。
5.5 啟動(dòng)云主機(jī)
進(jìn)入實(shí)例，啟動(dòng)實(shí)例，進(jìn)入控制臺(tái)登錄進(jìn)入正常使用。
- 結(jié)束語
云計(jì)算是一種繼網(wǎng)格計(jì)算，分布式計(jì)算發(fā)展之后新的商業(yè)計(jì)算模型和服務(wù)模式，由于云數(shù)據(jù)中心的資源異構(gòu)性和多樣性，部署架構(gòu)之間的復(fù)雜性，如何將云計(jì)算數(shù)據(jù)中心虛擬共享資源有效地按用戶需求動(dòng)態(tài)管理和分配，并提高資源的使用效率從而為云計(jì)算廣泛應(yīng)用提供便利成為一個(gè)關(guān)鍵性的研究熱點(diǎn)和問題。
本文基于當(dāng)前最流行熱門的開源云計(jì)算平臺(tái)openstack，對(duì)其進(jìn)行了簡單的搭建和部署，完成了Keystone、Glance、Nova、Neutron等組件的安裝，為云平臺(tái)的進(jìn)一步開發(fā)做好了準(zhǔn)備。在安裝的過程中，也遇到了許多問題，或是百度，或是問同學(xué)、老師，最后都得到了解決。學(xué)到了很多東西，同時(shí)也發(fā)現(xiàn)了自己的很多不足之初，在以后的學(xué)習(xí)生活中將會(huì)加以改正。
- 致謝
總結(jié)
以上是生活随笔為你收集整理的Openstack云平台的搭建与部署（具体实验过程截图评论拿）的全部內(nèi)容，希望文章能夠幫你解決所遇到的問題。
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