轉(zhuǎn)自：http://www.cnblogs.com/zhangdongzi/archive/2011/04/19/2020688.html

上一節(jié)中我們通過http協(xié)議，采用HttpClient向服務(wù)器端action請求數(shù)據(jù)。當(dāng)然調(diào)用服務(wù)器端方法獲取數(shù)據(jù)并不止這一種。WebService也可以為我們提供所需數(shù)據(jù)，

那么什么是webService呢？，它是一種基于SAOP協(xié)議的遠(yuǎn)程調(diào)用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，通過webservice可以將不同操作系統(tǒng)平臺，不同語言，不同技術(shù)整合到一起。

? 我們在PC機(jī)器java客戶端中，需要一些庫，比如XFire,Axis2,CXF等等來支持訪問WebService，但是這些庫并不適合我們資源有限的android手機(jī)客戶端，做過JAVA ME的人都知道有KSOAP這個第三方的類庫，可以幫助我們獲取服務(wù)器端webService調(diào)用，當(dāng)然KSOAP已經(jīng)提供了基于android版本的jar包了，那么我們就開始吧：

首先下載KSOAP包：ksoap2-android-assembly-2.5.2-jar-with-dependencies.jar包

然后新建android項目：并把下載的KSOAP包放在android項目的lib目錄下：右鍵->build path->configure build path--選擇Libraries，如圖：

以下分為七個步驟來調(diào)用WebService方法：

第一：實例化SoapObject 對象，指定webService的命名空間（從相關(guān)WSDL文檔中可以查看命名空間），以及調(diào)用方法名稱。如：

View Code //命名空間 private static final String serviceNameSpace="http://WebXml.com.cn/";//調(diào)用方法(獲得支持的城市) private static final String getSupportCity="getSupportCity";//實例化SoapObject對象 SoapObject request=new SoapObject(serviceNameSpace, getSupportCity);

第二步：假設(shè)方法有參數(shù)的話,設(shè)置調(diào)用方法參數(shù)

request.addProperty("參數(shù)名稱","參數(shù)值");

第三步：設(shè)置SOAP請求信息(參數(shù)部分為SOAP協(xié)議版本號，與你要調(diào)用的webService中版本號一致):

View Code //獲得序列化的Envelope SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);envelope.bodyOut=request;

第四步：注冊Envelope,

(new MarshalBase64()).register(envelope);

第五步：構(gòu)建傳輸對象，并指明WSDL文檔URL：

View Code //請求URL private static final String serviceURL="http://www.webxml.com.cn/webservices/weatherwebservice.asmx"; //Android傳輸對象 AndroidHttpTransport transport=new AndroidHttpTransport(serviceURL);transport.debug=true;

第六步：調(diào)用WebService(其中參數(shù)為1：命名空間+方法名稱，2：Envelope對象):

View Code transport.call(serviceNameSpace+getWeatherbyCityName, envelope);

第七步：解析返回數(shù)據(jù)：

View Code if(envelope.getResponse()!=null){return parse(envelope.bodyIn.toString());}/*************** 解析XML* @param str* @return*/private static List<String> parse(String str){String temp;List<String> list=new ArrayList<String>();if(str!=null && str.length()>0){int start=str.indexOf("string");int end=str.lastIndexOf(";");temp=str.substring(start, end-3);String []test=temp.split(";");for(int i=0;i<test.length;i++){if(i==0){temp=test[i].substring(7);}else{temp=test[i].substring(8);}int index=temp.indexOf(",");list.add(temp.substring(0, index));}}return list;}

這樣就成功啦。那么現(xiàn)在我們就來測試下吧，這里有個地址提供webService天氣預(yù)報的服務(wù)的，我這里只提供獲取城市列表：

View Code //命名空間private static final String serviceNameSpace="http://WebXml.com.cn/";//請求URLprivate static final String serviceURL="http://www.webxml.com.cn/webservices/weatherwebservice.asmx";//調(diào)用方法(獲得支持的城市)private static final String getSupportCity="getSupportCity";//調(diào)用城市的方法(需要帶參數(shù))private static final String getWeatherbyCityName="getWeatherbyCityName";//調(diào)用省或者直轄市的方法(獲得支持的省份或直轄市)private static final String getSupportProvince="getSupportProvince";

?然后你可以在瀏覽器中輸入地址（WSDL）：serviceURL,你會看到一些可供調(diào)用的方法：

?我們選擇獲取國內(nèi)外主要城市或者省份的方法吧：getSupportProvice,然后調(diào)用，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)瀏覽器返回給我們的是xml文檔：

View Code <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> - <ArrayOfString xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns="http://WebXml.com.cn/"><string>直轄市</string> <string>特別行政區(qū)</string> <string>黑龍江</string> <string>吉林</string> <string>遼寧</string> <string>內(nèi)蒙古</string> <string>河北</string> <string>河南</string> <string>山東</string> <string>山西</string> <string>江蘇</string> <string>安徽</string> <string>陜西</string> <string>寧夏</string> <string>甘肅</string> <string>青海</string> <string>湖北</string> <string>湖南</string> <string>浙江</string> <string>江西</string> <string>福建</string> <string>貴州</string> <string>四川</string> <string>廣東</string> <string>廣西</string> <string>云南</string> <string>海南</string> <string>新疆</string> <string>西藏</string> <string>臺灣</string> <string>亞洲</string> <string>歐洲</string> <string>非洲</string> <string>北美洲</string> <string>南美洲</string> <string>大洋洲</string> </ArrayOfString>

我們可以用 listview來顯示：

那么下面我將給出全部代碼：

View Code public class WebServiceHelper {//WSDL文檔中的命名空間 private static final String targetNameSpace="http://WebXml.com.cn/";//WSDL文檔中的URL private static final String WSDL="http://webservice.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/WeatherWebService.asmx?wsdl";//需要調(diào)用的方法名(獲得本天氣預(yù)報Web Services支持的洲、國內(nèi)外省份和城市信息) private static final String getSupportProvince="getSupportProvince";//需要調(diào)用的方法名(獲得本天氣預(yù)報Web Services支持的城市信息,根據(jù)省份查詢城市集合：帶參數(shù)) private static final String getSupportCity="getSupportCity";//根據(jù)城市或地區(qū)名稱查詢獲得未來三天內(nèi)天氣情況、現(xiàn)在的天氣實況、天氣和生活指數(shù) private static final String getWeatherbyCityName="getWeatherbyCityName";/********* 獲得州，國內(nèi)外省份和城市信息* @return*/public List<String> getProvince(){List<String> provinces=new ArrayList<String>();String str="";SoapObject soapObject=new SoapObject(targetNameSpace,getSupportProvince);//request.addProperty("參數(shù)", "參數(shù)值");調(diào)用的方法參數(shù)與參數(shù)值（根據(jù)具體需要可選可不選） SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);envelope.dotNet=true;envelope.setOutputSoapObject(soapObject);//envelope.bodyOut=request; AndroidHttpTransport httpTranstation=new AndroidHttpTransport(WSDL);//或者HttpTransportSE httpTranstation=new HttpTransportSE(WSDL); try {httpTranstation.call(targetNameSpace+getSupportProvince, envelope);SoapObject result=(SoapObject)envelope.getResponse();//下面對結(jié)果進(jìn)行解析，結(jié)構(gòu)類似json對象//str=(String) result.getProperty(6).toString(); int count=result.getPropertyCount();for(int index=0;index<count;index++){provinces.add(result.getProperty(index).toString());}} catch (IOException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace();} catch (XmlPullParserException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace();} return provinces;}/*********** 根據(jù)省份或者直轄市獲取天氣預(yù)報所支持的城市集合* @param province* @return*/public List<String> getCitys(String province){List<String> citys=new ArrayList<String>();SoapObject soapObject=new SoapObject(targetNameSpace,getSupportCity);soapObject.addProperty("byProvinceName", province);SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);envelope.dotNet=true;envelope.setOutputSoapObject(soapObject);AndroidHttpTransport httpTransport=new AndroidHttpTransport(WSDL);try {httpTransport.call(targetNameSpace+getSupportCity, envelope);SoapObject result=(SoapObject)envelope.getResponse();int count=result.getPropertyCount();for(int index=0;index<count;index++){citys.add(result.getProperty(index).toString());}} catch (IOException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace();} catch (XmlPullParserException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace();} return citys;}/**************************** 根據(jù)城市信息獲取天氣預(yù)報信息* @param city* @return***************************/public WeatherBean getWeatherByCity(String city){WeatherBean bean=new WeatherBean();SoapObject soapObject=new SoapObject(targetNameSpace,getWeatherbyCityName);soapObject.addProperty("theCityName",city);//調(diào)用的方法參數(shù)與參數(shù)值（根據(jù)具體需要可選可不選） SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);envelope.dotNet=true;envelope.setOutputSoapObject(soapObject);//envelope.bodyOut=request; AndroidHttpTransport httpTranstation=new AndroidHttpTransport(WSDL);//或者HttpTransportSE httpTranstation=new HttpTransportSE(WSDL); try {httpTranstation.call(targetNameSpace+getWeatherbyCityName, envelope);SoapObject result=(SoapObject)envelope.getResponse();//下面對結(jié)果進(jìn)行解析，結(jié)構(gòu)類似json對象 bean=parserWeather(result);} catch (IOException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace();} catch (XmlPullParserException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace();} return bean;}/*** 解析返回的結(jié)果* @param soapObject*/protected WeatherBean parserWeather(SoapObject soapObject){WeatherBean bean=new WeatherBean();List<Map<String,Object>> list=new ArrayList<Map<String,Object>>();Map<String,Object> map=new HashMap<String,Object>();//城市名 bean.setCityName(soapObject.getProperty(1).toString());//城市簡介 bean.setCityDescription(soapObject.getProperty(soapObject.getPropertyCount()-1).toString());//天氣實況+建議 bean.setLiveWeather(soapObject.getProperty(10).toString()+"\n"+soapObject.getProperty(11).toString());//其他數(shù)據(jù)//日期， String date=soapObject.getProperty(6).toString();//--------------------------------------------------- String weatherToday="今天：" + date.split(" ")[0]; weatherToday+="\n天氣："+ date.split(" ")[1]; weatherToday+="\n氣溫："+soapObject.getProperty(5).toString();weatherToday+="\n風(fēng)力："+soapObject.getProperty(7).toString();weatherToday+="\n";List<Integer> icons=new ArrayList<Integer>();icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(8).toString())); icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(9).toString()));map.put("weatherDay", weatherToday);map.put("icons",icons);list.add(map);//------------------------------------------------- map=new HashMap<String,Object>(); date=soapObject.getProperty(13).toString();String weatherTomorrow="明天：" + date.split(" ")[0]; weatherTomorrow+="\n天氣："+ date.split(" ")[1]; weatherTomorrow+="\n氣溫："+soapObject.getProperty(12).toString();weatherTomorrow+="\n風(fēng)力："+soapObject.getProperty(14).toString();weatherTomorrow+="\n";icons=new ArrayList<Integer>();icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(15).toString())); icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(16).toString()));map.put("weatherDay", weatherTomorrow);map.put("icons",icons);list.add(map);//-------------------------------------------------------------- map=new HashMap<String,Object>(); date=soapObject.getProperty(18).toString();String weatherAfterTomorrow="后天：" + date.split(" ")[0]; weatherAfterTomorrow+="\n天氣："+ date.split(" ")[1]; weatherAfterTomorrow+="\n氣溫："+soapObject.getProperty(17).toString();weatherAfterTomorrow+="\n風(fēng)力："+soapObject.getProperty(19).toString();weatherAfterTomorrow+="\n";icons=new ArrayList<Integer>();icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(20).toString())); icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(21).toString()));map.put("weatherDay", weatherAfterTomorrow);map.put("icons",icons);list.add(map); //-------------------------------------------------------------- bean.setList(list);return bean;}//解析圖標(biāo)字符串 private int parseIcon(String data){// 0.gif，返回名稱0, int resID=32;String result=data.substring(0, data.length()-4).trim();// String []icon=data.split(".");// String result=icon[0].trim();// Log.e("this is the icon", result.trim()); if(!result.equals("nothing")){resID=Integer.parseInt(result.trim());}return resID;//return ("a_"+data).split(".")[0]; } }

以及幫助類：

View Code public class WebServiceUtil {//命名空間 private static final String serviceNameSpace="http://WebXml.com.cn/";//請求URL private static final String serviceURL="http://www.webxml.com.cn/webservices/weatherwebservice.asmx";//調(diào)用方法(獲得支持的城市) private static final String getSupportCity="getSupportCity";//調(diào)用城市的方法(需要帶參數(shù)) private static final String getWeatherbyCityName="getWeatherbyCityName";//調(diào)用省或者直轄市的方法(獲得支持的省份或直轄市) private static final String getSupportProvince="getSupportProvince";/************** @return城市列表*************/public static List<String> getCityList(){//實例化SoapObject對象 SoapObject request=new SoapObject(serviceNameSpace, getSupportCity);//獲得序列化的Envelope SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);envelope.bodyOut=request;(new MarshalBase64()).register(envelope);//Android傳輸對象 AndroidHttpTransport transport=new AndroidHttpTransport(serviceURL);transport.debug=true;//調(diào)用 try {transport.call(serviceNameSpace+getWeatherbyCityName, envelope);if(envelope.getResponse()!=null){return parse(envelope.bodyIn.toString());}} catch (IOException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace();} catch (XmlPullParserException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace();}return null;}public static List<String> getProviceList(){//實例化SoapObject對象 SoapObject request=new SoapObject(serviceNameSpace, getSupportProvince);//獲得序列化的Envelope SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);envelope.bodyOut=request;(new MarshalBase64()).register(envelope);//Android傳輸對象 AndroidHttpTransport transport=new AndroidHttpTransport(serviceURL);transport.debug=true;//調(diào)用 try {transport.call(serviceNameSpace+getWeatherbyCityName, envelope);if(envelope.getResponse()!=null){return null;}} catch (IOException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace();} catch (XmlPullParserException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace();}return null;} /************** @param cityName* @return*************/public static String getWeather(String cityName){return "";}/*************** 解析XML* @param str* @return*/private static List<String> parse(String str){String temp;List<String> list=new ArrayList<String>();if(str!=null && str.length()>0){int start=str.indexOf("string");int end=str.lastIndexOf(";");temp=str.substring(start, end-3);String []test=temp.split(";");for(int i=0;i<test.length;i++){if(i==0){temp=test[i].substring(7);}else{temp=test[i].substring(8);}int index=temp.indexOf(",");list.add(temp.substring(0, index));}}return list;}/********** 獲取天氣* @param soapObject*/private void parseWeather(SoapObject soapObject){//String date=soapObject.getProperty(6); } }

以上就是我所作的查詢天氣預(yù)報的全部核心代碼了，讀者可以根據(jù)注釋以及本文章了解下具體實現(xiàn)，相信很快就搞明白了，運行結(jié)果如下：

?到此結(jié)束，下一節(jié)主要是socket通信了。

?

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