目錄

1，標準的 armclang 編譯選項

1.1 --target選項：指定執行狀態

aarch64-arm-none-eabi

arm-arm-none-eabi

1.2 -march選項：指定ARM 架構/ -mcpu 選項：指定處理器

2，使用示例

3，armclang common options?

4， armlink common options

5， armar common options

6， fromelf common options

7，armasm common options?

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?在上一篇文章中，介紹了ARM嵌入式編譯器6工具鏈：ARM 編譯器 Arm Compiler for Embedded 6 相關工具鏈簡介_arm6 編譯器_SOC羅三炮的博客-CSDN博客

接下來，筆者將對該編譯器工具鏈的簡單使用，一些常用的命令行選項進行介紹。

?ARM 編譯器6支持許多命令行編譯選項，用戶可以根據自己代碼的使用場景，使用對象來選擇使用，從而生成不同屬性的應用程序。

1，標準的 armclang 編譯選項

當使用armclang時，用戶必須指定一個target，如 A64、A32或者T32等，然后執行一個ARM 架構：ARMv7、ARMv8或者ARMv9等，以及指定目標處理器，比如Cortex-A53、Cortex-M4或者Cortex-M33等。

1.1 --target選項：指定執行狀態

用戶在使用armclang?時，必須加上?--target?選項，來指定當前的代碼是運行在AArch64狀態還是AArch32狀態。語法為：

--target=<triple>

?其中<triple>的含義為<architecture>-<vendor>-<OS>-<abi>，可以為以下兩個選項：

aarch64-arm-none-eabi

為AArch64狀態生成 A64指令，如果沒有特別指定ARM架構或者目標處理器，其默認的ARM架構為ARMv8-A，即-march=armv8-a。

arm-arm-none-eabi

為AArch32狀態生成 A32或者T32指令，為了區別使用A32還是T32，需外一個額外的選項：?-marm?或者-mthumb?來區分。此外，沒有默認的ARM架構，必須與-march(指定架構)或-mcpu(指定處理器)一起使用。

需要注意的是，--target選項是大小寫敏感的，并且只有armclang可以使用，armasm?或者armlink使用--cpu?或者--fpu?來指定目標架構和處理器。另外Scalable Vector Extension (SVE)是 AArch64狀態下的一種擴展功能，所以只能使用 aarch64-arm-none-eabi。

1.2 -march選項：指定ARM 架構/ -mcpu 選項：指定處理器

用戶需要-march?選項來指定代碼是運行在何種AMR架構上。

應該避免同時指定架構(-march)和處理器(-mcpu)，因為同時指定兩者有可能導致沖突。編譯器將會從處理器的型號反推出正確的體系結構。

當使用--target=aarch64-arm-none-eabi編譯時，默認值是-march=armv8-a。當使用--target=arm-arm-none-eabi編譯時，默認值是不支持的。所以必須至少使用-march或-mcpu選項中的一個。否則編譯器將會報出如下警告：

warning: 'armv4t' is unsupported in this version of the product

?-march選項的語法：

-march=<name>-march=<name>[+[no]<feature>+...] (to enable or disable optional extensions)

如果要查看所選target的所有受支持架構的列表，使用-march=list。?其中<name>字段可以是如下表格中的架構：

Architecture?<name>Valid targetsDescription

armv9-a	--target=aarch64-arm-none-eabi?and?--target=arm-arm-none-eabi	Armv9-A application architecture profile.
armv9.1-a	--target=aarch64-arm-none-eabi?and?--target=arm-arm-none-eabi	Armv9.1-A application architecture profile.
armv9.2-a	--target=aarch64-arm-none-eabi?and?--target=arm-arm-none-eabi	Armv9.2-A application architecture profile.
armv9.3-a	--target=aarch64-arm-none-eabi?and?--target=arm-arm-none-eabi	Armv9.3-A application architecture profile.
armv9.4-a	--target=aarch64-arm-none-eabi?and?--target=arm-arm-none-eabi	Armv9.4-A application architecture profile.
armv8-a	--target=aarch64-arm-none-eabi?and?--target=arm-arm-none-eabi	Armv8-A application architecture profile.
armv8.1-a	--target=aarch64-arm-none-eabi?and?--target=arm-arm-none-eabi	Armv8.1-A application architecture profile.
armv8.2-a	--target=aarch64-arm-none-eabi?and?--target=arm-arm-none-eabi	Armv8.2-A application architecture profile.
armv8.3-a	--target=aarch64-arm-none-eabi?and?--target=arm-arm-none-eabi	Armv8.3-A application architecture profile.
armv8.4-a	--target=aarch64-arm-none-eabi?and?--target=arm-arm-none-eabi	Armv8.4-A application architecture profile.
armv8.5-a	--target=aarch64-arm-none-eabi?and?--target=arm-arm-none-eabi	Armv8.5-A application architecture profile.
armv8.6-a	--target=aarch64-arm-none-eabi?and?--target=arm-arm-none-eabi	Armv8.6-A application architecture profile.
armv8.7-a	--target=aarch64-arm-none-eabi?and?--target=arm-arm-none-eabi	Armv8.7-A application architecture profile.
armv8.8-a	--target=aarch64-arm-none-eabi?and?--target=arm-arm-none-eabi	Armv8.8-A application architecture profile.
armv8.9-a	--target=aarch64-arm-none-eabi?and?--target=arm-arm-none-eabi	Armv8.9-A application architecture profile.
armv8-r	--target=aarch64-arm-none-eabi	Armv8-R AArch64 real-time architecture profile. Armv8-R AArch64 state with hardware floating-point. Armv8-R AArch64 implementations without hardware floating-point are not supported.
armv8-r	--target=arm-arm-none-eabi	Armv8-R AArch32 real-time architecture profile.
armv8-m.base	--target=arm-arm-none-eabi	Armv8-M microcontroller architecture profile without the Main Extension. Derived from the Armv6-M architecture.
armv8-m.main	--target=arm-arm-none-eabi	Armv8-M microcontroller architecture profile with the Main Extension. Derived from the Armv7-M architecture.
armv8.1-m.main	--target=arm-arm-none-eabi	Armv8.1 microcontroller architecture profile with the Main Extension.
armv7-a	--target=arm-arm-none-eabi	Armv7-A application architecture profile.
armv7-r	--target=arm-arm-none-eabi	Armv7-R real-time architecture profile.
armv7-m	--target=arm-arm-none-eabi	Armv7-M microcontroller architecture profile.
armv7e-m	--target=arm-arm-none-eabi	Armv7-M microcontroller architecture profile with DSP extension.
armv6-m	--target=arm-arm-none-eabi	Armv6-M microcontroller architecture profile.

?<feature>字段是可選的，用于指定一些功能的開啟或關閉。

• +<feature>如果默認禁用該功能，則啟用該功能。+<feature>在默認啟用的情況下無效。
• +no<feature>如果默認啟用該功能，則禁用該功能。+no<feature>對于默認禁用的功能無效。

使用+<feature>或+no<feature>顯式地啟用或禁用一個可選的架構特性。

用戶需要避免同時指定架構(-march)和處理器(-mcpu)，因為同時指定兩者有可能導致沖突。編譯器優先從處理器推斷正確的體系結構。

• 如果你想在一個特定的處理器上運行代碼，使用-mcpu指定處理器。性能將得到優化，但代碼只能保證在該處理器上運行。如果你為-mcpu指定了一個值，就不要再使用-march。
• 如果希望代碼在特定體系結構的一系列處理器上運行，請使用-march指定該體系結構。代碼可以在該指定架構支持的任何處理器上運行。

1.3 -x/ -std 選擇源語言

armclang為不同的源語言標準提供了不同級別的支持。Arm Compiler for Embedded 6可以從文件擴展名中推斷源語言，例如.c 表明是C語言，.CPP表明是C++。用戶可以使用-x和-std選項強制編譯器針對特定的源語言和源語言標準進行編譯。

使用-xc++強制編譯器對.c文件使用c++語言標準編譯：

armclang --target=aarch64-arm-none-eabi -march=armv8-a -xc++ file.c

使用-xc強制編譯器對.cpp文件使用c語言標準編譯：

armclang --target=aarch64-arm-none-eabi -march=armv8-a -xc file.cpp

Arm Compiler for Embedded 所支持的源語言：

Table 1.?Supported C and C++ source language variants Standard CGNU CStandard C++GNU C++

c90	gnu90	c++98	gnu++98
c99	gnu99	c++03	gnu++03
c11 [COMMUNITY]	gnu11 [COMMUNITY]	c++11	gnu++11
-	-	c++14	gnu++14
-	-	c++17	gnu++17

C代碼的默認語言標準是gnu11 [COMMUNITY]。c++代碼的默認語言標準是gnu++17。要指定不同的源語言標準，請使用-std=<name>選項。?因為Arm Compiler for Embedded默認使用可用的語言擴展，所以它不遵守嚴格的ISO標準。要將源語言編譯為嚴格的ISO標準，請使用-Wpedantic選項。此選項在源代碼違反ISO標準時生成警告。Arm嵌入式編譯器不支持嚴格遵守c++ 98或c++ 03。

2，使用示例

Armv8-A +AArch64 ：

armclang --target=aarch64-arm-none-eabi -march=armv8-a helloworld.c

Armv8-R + AArch32 ：

armclang --target=arm-arm-none-eabi -march=armv8-r helloworld.c

Armv8-M architecture mainline profile：

armclang --target=arm-arm-none-eabi -march=armv8-m.main helloworld.c

Cortex?-A53 +AArch64 ：

armclang --target=aarch64-arm-none-eabi -mcpu=cortex-a53 helloworld.c

Cortex-A53 +?AArch32 ：

armclang --target=arm-arm-none-eabi -mcpu=cortex-a53 helloworld.c

Cortex-M4 ：

armclang --target=arm-arm-none-eabi -mcpu=cortex-m4 helloworld.c

?Cortex-M33 processor, with DSP disabled：

armclang --target=arm-arm-none-eabi -mcpu=cortex-m33+nodsp helloworld.c

AArch32 + Arm? Neoverse? N1 ：

armclang --target=arm-arm-none-eabi -mcpu=neoverse-n1 helloworld.c

AArch64 state + Arm Neoverse E1 ：

armclang --target=aarch64-arm-none-eabi -mcpu=neoverse-e1 helloworld.c

3，armclang common options?

Table 1.?armclang common options OptionDescription

-c	Performs the compilation step, but not the link step.
-x	Specifies the language of the subsequent source files,?-xc inputfile.s?or?-xc++ inputfile.s?for example.
-std	Specifies the language standard to compile for,?-std=c90?for example.
--target=arch-vendor-os-abi	Generates code for the selected Execution state (AArch32 or AArch64), for example?--target=aarch64-arm-none-eabi?or?--target=arm-arm-none-eabi.
-march=name	Generates code for the specified architecture, for example?-march=armv8-a?or?-march=armv7-a.
-march=list	Displays a list of all the supported architectures for the selected execution state.
-mcpu=name	Generates code for the specified processor, for example?-mcpu=cortex-a53,?-mcpu=cortex-a57, or?-mcpu=cortex-a15.
-mcpu=list	Displays a list of all the supported processors for the selected execution state.
-marm	Requests that the compiler targets the A32 instruction set, which consists of 32-bit wide instructions only. For example,?--target=arm-arm-none-eabi -march=armv7-a -marm. This option emphasizes performance. The?-marm?option is not valid with M-profile or AArch64 targets: If you use the?-marm?option with an M-profile target architecture, the compiler generates an error and stops, and does not output any code. For AArch64 targets, the compiler ignores the?-marm?option and generates a warning.
-mthumb	Requests that the compiler targets the T32 instruction set, which consists of both 16-bit wide and 32-bit wide instructions. For example,?--target=arm-arm-none-eabi -march=armv8-a -mthumb. This option emphasizes code density. The?-mthumb?option is not valid with AArch64 targets. The compiler ignores the?-mthumb?option and generates a warning if used with AArch64 targets.
-mfloat-abi	Specifies whether to use hardware instructions or software library functions for floating-point operations.
-mfpu	Specifies the target FPU architecture.
-g (armclang)	Generates DWARF debug tables compatible with the DWARF 4 standard.
-e	Executes only the preprocessor step.
-I	Adds the specified directories to the list of places that are searched to find included files.
-o (armclang)	Specifies the name of the output file.
-Onum	Specifies the level of performance optimization to use when compiling source files.
-Os	Balances code size against code speed.
-Oz	Optimizes for code size.
-S	Outputs the disassembly of the machine code that the compiler generates.
-###	Displays diagnostic output showing the options that would be used to invoke the compiler and linker. The compilation and link steps are not performed.

4， armlink common options

Table 2.?armlink common options OptionDescription

--scatter=filename	Creates an image memory map using the scatter-loading description that the specified file contains.
--entry	Specifies the unique initial entry point of the image.
--info (armlink)	Displays information about linker operation. For example,?--info=sizes,unused,unusedsymbols?displays information about all the following: Code and data sizes for each input object and library member in the image. Unused sections that?--remove?has removed from the code. Symbols that were removed with the unused sections.
--list=filename	Redirects diagnostics output from options including?--info?and?--map?to the specified file.
--map	Displays a memory map containing the address and the size of each load region, execution region, and input section in the image, including linker-generated input sections.
--symbols	Lists each local and global symbol that is used in the link step, and their values.
-o filename, --output=filename	Specifies the name of the output file.
--keep=section_id	Specifies input sections that unused section elimination must not remove.
--load_addr_map_info	Includes the load addresses for execution regions and the input sections within them in the map file.

5， armar common options

Table 3.?armar common options OptionDescription

--debug_symbols	Includes debug symbols in the library.
-a pos_name	Places new files in the library after the file?<pos_name>.
-b pos_name	Places new files in the library before the file?<pos_name>.
-a file_list	Deletes the specified files from the library.
--sizes	Lists the?Code,?RO Data,?RW Data,?ZI Data, and?Debug?sizes of each member in the library.
-t	Prints a table of contents for the library.

6， fromelf common options

Table 4.?fromelf common options OptionDescription

--elf	Selects ELF output mode.
--text <options>	Displays image information in text format. The optional?<options>?specify additional information to include in the image information. Valid?<options>?include?-c?to disassemble code, and?-s?to print the symbol and versioning tables. You can also use?<options>?without specifying?--text.
--info (fromelf)	Displays information about specific topics, for example?--info=totals?lists the?Code,?RO Data,?RW Data,?ZI Data, and?Debug?sizes for each input object and library member in the image.

7，armasm common options?

Table 5.?armasm common options OptionDescription

--cpu=name	Sets the target processor.
-g (armasm)	Generates DWARF debug tables compatible with the DWARF 3 standard.
--fpu=name	Selects the target floating-point unit (FPU) architecture.
-o (armasm)	Specifies the name of the output file.

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