'''Created on 2014-10-24

@author: Maple'''

importsysimportosimporttimeimportgetoptimporturllib.requestimporturllib.parsefrom threading importThread#===============================================================================#def download(url, output=os.getcwd(), blocks=6, proxies=local_proxies)#output:輸出文件路徑，默認(rèn)為當(dāng)前路徑#blocks:線程數(shù)#proxies:代理地址#===============================================================================

local_proxies= {}#代理地址

classMaple(Thread):

version= "Mozilla/5.0"

def __init__(self, threadname, url, filename, ranges=0, proxies={}):

Thread.__init__(self, name=threadname)

self.name=threadname

self.url=url

self.proxies=proxies

self.filename=filename

self.ranges=ranges

self.downloaded=0defrun(self):try:

self.downloaded= os.path.getsize( self.filename ) #獲取已下載的文件字節(jié)塊塊，支持?jǐn)帱c(diǎn)續(xù)傳

exceptOSError:#print 'never downloaded'

self.downloaded =0

opener=GetUrlOpener(self.proxies) #根據(jù)代理參數(shù)生成相應(yīng)的url opener

if self.ranges: #ranges為線程需要下載的文件塊的字節(jié)范圍

#rebuild start poind

self.startpoint = self.ranges[0] + self.downloaded #從已下載字節(jié)塊后的位置開(kāi)始下載

#This part is completed

if self.startpoint >= self.ranges[1]:

self.downloaded= self.ranges[1] -self.ranges[0]print ('Part %s has been downloaded over.' %self.filename)returnopener.addheaders=[('Range','bytes={}-{}'.format(self.startpoint, self.ranges[1])),('User-agent','Mozilla/5.0')] #添加請(qǐng)求頭部?jī)?nèi)容，僅下載指定范圍的字節(jié)，偽裝成瀏覽器請(qǐng)求

print ('task %s will download from %d to %d' % (self.name, self.startpoint+1, self.ranges[1]+1))else: #ranges未指定(文件大小未知，無(wú)法切割)，從已下載字節(jié)塊后的位置開(kāi)始下載剩余全部字節(jié)

self.startpoint =self.downloaded

opener.addheaders=[('Range','bytes={}-'.format(self.startpoint)),('User-agent','Mozilla/5.0')]

self.fetchsize= 16384 #每次讀取的字節(jié)數(shù)

self.urlhandle = opener.open(self.url) #打開(kāi)文件地址

data =self.urlhandle.read( self.fetchsize )while data: #循環(huán)讀取數(shù)據(jù)寫(xiě)入臨時(shí)文件，并更新已下載字節(jié)數(shù)

filehandle = open( self.filename, 'ab+')

filehandle.write( data )

filehandle.close()

self.downloaded+=len( data )

data=self.urlhandle.read( self.fetchsize )def Sec2Time(second): #將秒數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)時(shí)間格式。以為有現(xiàn)成的函數(shù)，結(jié)果愣是沒(méi)找到

day=second//(3600*24)

second-=day*3600*24hour=second//3600second-=hour*3600minute=second//60second-=minute*60

if day ==0:if hour ==0:if minute ==0:return '{:0.2f}S.'.format(second)else:return '{:02}M:{:0.2f}S'.format(minute,second)else:return '{:02}H:{:02}M:{:0.2f}S'.format(hour,minute,second)else:return '{:03}D:{:02}H:{:02}M:{:0.2f}S'.format(day,hour,minute,second)def GetUrlOpener(proxies={}): #分析代理參數(shù)，返回url opener。完整代理格式：user/passwd@http://127.0.0.1:8087。如格式不同，需要修改此分析函數(shù)

ifproxies:try:

ap=proxies.split('@')if len(ap) > 1:

auth=ap[0]

addr=ap[1]else:

addr=ap[0]

auth=''

if '://' inaddr:

ptype=addr[:addr.find('://')]

phost=addr[addr.find('://')+3:]else:

ptype='http'phost=addr

proxy={ptype:ptype+'://'+phost}

proxy_handler=urllib.request.ProxyHandler(proxy)exceptException as ex:print(ex)returnurllib.request.build_opener()try:

authlist=auth.split('/')if len(authlist) > 1:

user=authlist[0]

passwd=authlist[1]

proxy_auth_handler=urllib.request.ProxyBasicAuthHandler()

proxy_auth_handler.add_password('realm',phost,user,passwd)

opener=urllib.request.build_opener(proxy_handler,proxy_auth_handler)else:

opener=urllib.request.build_opener(proxy_handler)returnopenerexceptException as ex:print(ex)returnurllib.request.build_opener(proxy_handler)else:#urlHandler=urllib.request.urlopen(url)

returnurllib.request.build_opener()def GetUrlFileInfo(url,proxies={}): #獲取要下載的文件的信息，包括文件名，文件類(lèi)型和文件大小

scheme, netloc, path, query, fragment = urllib.parse.urlsplit(url) #分析url

filename=urllib.parse.unquote(path) #如果url中的文件名部分存在中文，將其正確解碼出來(lái)

filename=filename.split('/')[-1]

opener=GetUrlOpener(proxies) #通過(guò)網(wǎng)絡(luò)請(qǐng)求讀取響應(yīng)頭部，根據(jù)頭部獲取文件信息。文件名以服務(wù)器返回的文件名信息為準(zhǔn)

urlHandler=opener.open(url)

headers=urlHandler.info()if 'Content-Disposition' in headers: #Content-Disposition字段有可能獲取到文件名，不過(guò)可能是亂碼，沒(méi)找到解決辦法

disposition=headers.get('Content-Disposition')if 'filename=' indisposition:

filename= disposition.split('filename=')[1]if filename[0] == '"' or filename[0] == "'":

filename= filename[1:-1]

filename=urllib.parse.unquote(filename)iffilename:

(name,ext)=os.path.splitext(filename)else:

(name,ext)=('Unknown','')if 'Content-Length' in headers: #獲取文件長(zhǎng)度，如果獲取失敗，則只能使用單線程下載

length=int(headers.get('Content-Length'))else:

length=-1(type, kind)=headers.get('Content-Type').split('/') #獲取文件類(lèi)型，備用

infos=[(name,ext),(type,kind),length]returninfosdef SpliteBlocks(totalsize, blocknumber): #根據(jù)指定的線程數(shù)參數(shù)和獲取到的文件長(zhǎng)度劃分各線程的下載范圍

blocksize = totalsize//blocknumber

ranges=[]for i in range(0, blocknumber-1):

ranges.append((i*blocksize, i*blocksize +blocksize - 1))

ranges.append(( blocksize*(blocknumber-1), totalsize -1))returnrangesdef islive(tasks): #檢查各線程是否全部下載完成

for task intasks:iftask.isAlive():returnTruereturnFalsedef download(url, target=os.getcwd(), blocks=6, proxies=local_proxies):

flag=Trueprint('Retrieving resource information...')

url=urllib.parse.quote(url,safe='/%&@=+?$;,:') #將提供的url編碼，非英文字符將被編碼為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)格式

try:

infos=GetUrlFileInfo(url,proxies) #獲取文件信息

exceptException as ex:print(ex)

flag=Falseifflag:if notos.path.exists(target):

os.makedirs(target)

size=infos[2] #獲取到的文件大小

output=os.path.join(target,''.join(infos[0])) #根據(jù)獲取到的文件名和指定的保存目錄生成完整路徑

type=infos[1][0]

starttime=time.time() #開(kāi)始計(jì)時(shí)

print('Infomation:')print('FileName:{0} FileType:{1} FileLength:{2}'.format(''.join(infos[0]),'/'.join(infos[1]),infos[2] if int(infos[2]) > 0 else 'Unknown')) #打印獲取到的文件信息

if size > 0: #size大于0表示成功獲取文件長(zhǎng)度，可以進(jìn)行多線程下載

print('Starting multithread download...')

ranges=SpliteBlocks( size, blocks )else: #只能單線程下載，線程數(shù)置1，ranges置空，

print('Starting single thread download...')

ranges=()

blocks=1threadname= [ infos[0][0]+"_thread_%d" % i for i in range(0, blocks) ] #生成線程名

filename = [ infos[0][0]+ "_tmpfile_%d" % i for i in range(0, blocks) ] #生成各線程的臨時(shí)文件名

tasks =[]for i in range(0,blocks): #生成下載線程，設(shè)置為后臺(tái)線程后啟動(dòng)，將線程加入到線程列表中

task = Maple( threadname[i], url, filename[i], ranges[i] if ranges elseranges,proxies)

task.setDaemon( True )

task.start()

tasks.append( task )

time.sleep(1)

downloaded=0while islive(tasks): #統(tǒng)計(jì)線程列表中各線程的狀態(tài)，輸出下載進(jìn)度

downloaded = sum( [task.downloaded for task intasks] )if size >0:

process= downloaded/float(size)*100show= '\rFilesize:%d Downloaded:%d Completed:%.2f%%' %(size, downloaded, process)else:

show= '\rDownloaded:%d' %downloaded

sys.stdout.write(show)

sys.stdout.flush()

time.sleep(0.2)

endtime=time.time() #下載完成后停止計(jì)時(shí)

consuming=Sec2Time(endtime-starttime)if size > 0: #多線程下載的后續(xù)處理

downloadsize =0for i infilename:

downloadsize+=os.path.getsize(i)if downloadsize ==size:

show= '\rFilesize:%d Downloaded:%d Completed:%.2f%%\n' % (size, downloadsize,100)else:

show= '\nSize is not mathed!\n'flag=Falseelse: #單線程下載的后續(xù)處理

show = '\nTotal Size: %d\n'%downloaded

sys.stdout.write(show)

sys.stdout.flush()if flag: #確認(rèn)下載的臨時(shí)文件沒(méi)問(wèn)題后將各文件整合為最終的目標(biāo)文件

print('Integrating files...')

num=1

while os.path.exists(output): #防止與本地已存在文件重名

fname,fext=os.path.splitext(output)if '('+str(num-1)+')'+fext inoutput:

output= output.replace('('+str(num-1)+')'+fext,'('+str(num)+')'+fext)else:

fname+= '('+str(num)+')'output= fname+fext

num+=1

if len(filename) ==1 : #單線程下載的話，直接將下載的文件重命名為目標(biāo)文件即可

os.rename(filename[0], output)else: #多線程臨時(shí)文件整合

filehandle = open( output, 'wb+')for i infilename:try:

f= open( i, 'rb')

filehandle.write( f.read() )

f.close()

os.remove(i)exceptException as ex:print(ex)

filehandle.close()ifos.path.exists(output):print('Download Complete!')else:print('Failed to generate target file!')try:#os.remove(output)

pass

except:pass

else:for i infilename:try:

os.remove(i)pass

except:pass

print('Download Failed!')pass

print('Consuming: {}\n'.format(consuming)) #輸出耗時(shí)

else:print('Failed to retrieve resource information!')

sys.exit()def main(argv): #處理傳入?yún)?shù)，使用了getopt模塊，另外有一個(gè)更強(qiáng)大的處理傳入?yún)?shù)的模塊optparse

try:

options,args=getopt.getopt(argv,'hu:f:n:p:',['help','url=','target=','num=','proxy='])exceptException as ex:print(ex)

sys.exit()

num= 2url,target,proxies= '','',''url= 'http://www.pygtk.org/dist/pygtk2-tut.pdf'target= '/home/maple/Desktop'

#proxies = 'http://127.0.0.1:8087'

#proxies={}

for name, value inoptions:if name in ('-h','--help'):print('No Help ^^')

sys.exit()if name in ('-u','--url'):

url=valueif name in ('-t','--target'):

target=valueif name in ('-n','--num'):

num=int(value)if name in ('-p','--proxy'):

proxies=value#check args

download(url,target,num,proxies)if __name__ == '__main__':

main(sys.argv[1:])

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