pyecharts源码解读（12）图表类包charts之chart模块：常用图表基类Chart、直角坐标系图表基类RectChart、3D图表基类Chart3D
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pyecharts源码解读（12）图表类包charts之chart模块：常用图表基类Chart、直角坐标系图表基类RectChart、3D图表基类Chart3D
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當前pyecharts的版本為1.9.0。
pyecharts/charts/chart.py模塊結構
pyecharts/charts/chart.py模塊主要元素為4個類：
- Chart類：除復合圖表之外所有常用圖表類的基類，它的父類為Base類。
- RectChart類：直角坐標系圖表類的基類，父類為Chart類。
- Chart3D類：3D圖表類的基類，父類為Chart類。
- ThreeAxisChart類：三維坐標系圖表基類，父類為Chart3D類。
pyecharts常用圖表類的繼承關系
Chart類
Chart類是除復合圖表之外所有常用圖表類的基類，它的父類為Base類。
Chart類的簽名為class Chart(init_opts)。Chart類的參數主要繼承自Base類。Chart類的方法如下：
- set_global_opts：設置全局配置。
- set_series_opts：設置系列配置。
- add_dataset：添加數據集配置。
- set_colors：設置顏色集。
這些方法的原理相似，都是將接收的參數更新到options屬性中（ECharts配置項）。
Chart類源碼
class Chart(Base):def __init__(self, init_opts: types.Init = opts.InitOpts()):if isinstance(init_opts, dict):temp_opts = opts.InitOpts()temp_opts.update(**init_opts)init_opts = temp_optssuper().__init__(init_opts=init_opts)self.colors = ("#c23531 #2f4554 #61a0a8 #d48265 #749f83 #ca8622 #bda29a #6e7074 ""#546570 #c4ccd3 #f05b72 #ef5b9c #f47920 #905a3d #fab27b #2a5caa ""#444693 #726930 #b2d235 #6d8346 #ac6767 #1d953f #6950a1 #918597").split()if init_opts.opts.get("theme") == ThemeType.WHITE:self.options.update(color=self.colors)self.options.update(series=[],legend=[{"data": [], "selected": dict()}],tooltip=opts.TooltipOpts().opts,)self._chart_type: Optional[str] = Nonedef set_colors(self, colors: Sequence[str]):self.options.update(color=colors)return selfdef set_series_opts(self,label_opts: types.Label = None,linestyle_opts: types.LineStyle = None,splitline_opts: types.SplitLine = None,areastyle_opts: types.AreaStyle = None,axisline_opts: types.AxisLine = None,markpoint_opts: types.MarkPoint = None,markline_opts: types.MarkLine = None,markarea_opts: types.MarkArea = None,effect_opts: types.Effect = opts.EffectOpts(),tooltip_opts: types.Tooltip = None,itemstyle_opts: types.ItemStyle = None,**kwargs,):for s in self.options.get("series"):if label_opts:s.update(label=label_opts)if linestyle_opts:s.update(lineStyle=linestyle_opts)if splitline_opts:s.update(splitLine=splitline_opts)if areastyle_opts:s.update(areaStyle=areastyle_opts)if axisline_opts:s.update(axisLine=axisline_opts)if markpoint_opts:s.update(markPoint=markpoint_opts)if markline_opts:s.update(markLine=markline_opts)if markarea_opts:s.update(markArea=markarea_opts)if effect_opts:s.update(rippleEffect=effect_opts)if tooltip_opts:s.update(tooltip=tooltip_opts)if itemstyle_opts:s.update(itemStyle=itemstyle_opts)if len(kwargs) > 0:s.update(kwargs)return selfdef _append_legend(self, name, is_selected):self.options.get("legend")[0].get("data").append(name)self.options.get("legend")[0].get("selected").update({name: is_selected})def _append_color(self, color: Optional[str]):if color:self.colors = [color] + self.colorsif self.theme == ThemeType.WHITE:self.options.update(color=self.colors)def set_global_opts(self,title_opts: types.Title = opts.TitleOpts(),legend_opts: types.Legend = opts.LegendOpts(),tooltip_opts: types.Tooltip = None,toolbox_opts: types.Toolbox = None,brush_opts: types.Brush = None,xaxis_opts: types.Axis = None,yaxis_opts: types.Axis = None,visualmap_opts: types.VisualMap = None,datazoom_opts: types.DataZoom = None,graphic_opts: types.Graphic = None,axispointer_opts: types.AxisPointer = None,):if tooltip_opts is None:tooltip_opts = opts.TooltipOpts(formatter=ToolTipFormatterType.get(self._chart_type, None))self.options.update(title=title_opts,toolbox=toolbox_opts,tooltip=tooltip_opts,visualMap=visualmap_opts,dataZoom=datazoom_opts,graphic=graphic_opts,axisPointer=axispointer_opts,)if brush_opts is not None:self.options.update(brush=brush_opts)if isinstance(legend_opts, opts.LegendOpts):legend_opts = legend_opts.optsfor _s in self.options["legend"]:_s.update(legend_opts)if xaxis_opts and self.options.get("xAxis", None):if isinstance(xaxis_opts, opts.AxisOpts):xaxis_opts = xaxis_opts.optsself.options["xAxis"][0].update(xaxis_opts)if yaxis_opts and self.options.get("yAxis", None):if isinstance(yaxis_opts, opts.AxisOpts):yaxis_opts = yaxis_opts.optsself.options["yAxis"][0].update(yaxis_opts)return selfdef add_dataset(self,source: types.Union[types.Sequence, types.JSFunc] = None,dimensions: types.Optional[types.Sequence] = None,source_header: types.Optional[bool] = None,):self.options.update(dataset={"source": source,"dimensions": dimensions,"sourceHeader": source_header,})return selfRectChart類
RectChart類是直角坐標系圖表類的基類，父類為Chart類。
RectChart類的簽名為class RectChart(init_opts)。Chart類的參數主要繼承自Base類。Chart類的方法如下：
-
extend_axis：擴展 X/Y 軸。
def extend_axis(# 擴展 X 坐標軸數據項xaxis_data: Sequence = None,# 擴展 X 坐標軸配置項，參考 `global_options.AxisOpts`xaxis: Union[opts.AxisOpts, dict, None] = None,# 新增 Y 坐標軸配置項，參考 `global_options.AxisOpts`yaxis: Union[opts.AxisOpts, dict, None] = None, ) -
add_xaxis：新增 X 軸數據。
def add_xaxis(# X 軸數據項xaxis_data: Sequence ) -
reversal_axis：翻轉xy軸。
-
overlap：疊加多個基本圖表類實例。
def overlap(chart: Base )
這些方法的原理相似，都是將接收的參數更新到options屬性中（ECharts配置項）。
RectChart類源碼
class RectChart(Chart):def __init__(self, init_opts: types.Init = opts.InitOpts()):super().__init__(init_opts=init_opts)self.options.update(xAxis=[opts.AxisOpts().opts], yAxis=[opts.AxisOpts().opts])def extend_axis(self,xaxis_data: Sequence = None,xaxis: types.Axis = None,yaxis: types.Axis = None,):if xaxis is not None:if isinstance(xaxis, opts.AxisOpts):xaxis = xaxis.optsxaxis.update(data=xaxis_data)self.options["xAxis"].append(xaxis)if yaxis is not None:if isinstance(yaxis, opts.AxisOpts):yaxis = yaxis.optsself.options["yAxis"].append(yaxis)return selfdef add_xaxis(self, xaxis_data: Sequence):self.options["xAxis"][0].update(data=xaxis_data)self._xaxis_data = xaxis_datareturn selfdef reversal_axis(self):self.options["yAxis"][0]["data"] = self._xaxis_dataself.options["xAxis"][0]["data"] = Nonereturn selfdef overlap(self, chart: Base):self.options.get("legend")[0].get("data").extend(chart.options.get("legend")[0].get("data"))self.options.get("legend")[0].get("selected").update(chart.options.get("legend")[0].get("selected"))self.options.get("series").extend(chart.options.get("series"))return selfChart3D類
Chart3D類是3D圖表的基類，父類為Chart類。
Chart3D類的簽名為class Chart3D(init_opts)。Chart3D類的參數和方法主要繼承自Chart類。
最主要的變化就是增加了echarts-gl依賴庫用于繪制3D圖表。
Chart3D類源碼
class Chart3D(Chart):def __init__(self, init_opts: types.Init = opts.InitOpts()):init_opts.renderer = RenderType.CANVASsuper().__init__(init_opts)self.js_dependencies.add("echarts-gl")self.options.update(visualMap=opts.VisualMapOpts().opts)self._3d_chart_type: Optional[str] = None # 3d chart type,don't use it directlyThreeAxisChart類
ThreeAxisChart類：三維坐標系圖表基類，父類為Chart3D類。
ThreeAxisChart類的參數和方法主要繼承自Chart3D類。
最主要的變化就是增加了add方法，add方法的簽名為：
ThreeAxisChart類源碼
class ThreeAxisChart(Chart3D):def add(self,series_name: str,data: Sequence,shading: Optional[str] = None,itemstyle_opts: types.ItemStyle = None,label_opts: types.Label = opts.LabelOpts(is_show=False),xaxis3d_opts: types.Axis3D = opts.Axis3DOpts(type_="category"),yaxis3d_opts: types.Axis3D = opts.Axis3DOpts(type_="category"),zaxis3d_opts: types.Axis3D = opts.Axis3DOpts(type_="value"),grid3d_opts: types.Grid3D = opts.Grid3DOpts(),encode: types.Union[types.JSFunc, dict, None] = None,):self.options.get("legend")[0].get("data").append(series_name)self.options.update(xAxis3D=xaxis3d_opts,yAxis3D=yaxis3d_opts,zAxis3D=zaxis3d_opts,grid3D=grid3d_opts,)self.options.get("series").append({"type": self._3d_chart_type,"name": series_name,"data": data,"label": label_opts,"shading": shading,"itemStyle": itemstyle_opts,"encode": encode,})return self總結
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