临时表空间
1、查看臨時表空間 (dba_temp_files視圖)(v_$tempfile視圖)
select tablespace_name,file_name,bytes/1024/1024 file_size,autoextensible from dba_temp_files; select status,enabled, name, bytes/1024/1024 file_size from v_$tempfile;--sys用戶查看 ? 2、縮小臨時表空間大小 alter database tempfile 'D:\oracle\PRODUCT\10.2.0\ORADATA\TELEMT\TEMP01.DBF' resize 100M;3、擴展臨時表空間:
方法一、增大臨時文件大小:
5、更改系統的默認臨時表空間: --查詢默認臨時表空間 select * from database_properties where property_name='DEFAULT_TEMP_TABLESPACE'; --修改默認臨時表空間 alter database default temporary tablespace temp1; 所有用戶的默認臨時表空間都將切換為新的臨時表空間: select username,temporary_tablespace,default_ from dba_users; --更改某一用戶的臨時表空間: alter user scott temporary tablespace temp; 6、刪除臨時表空間 --刪除臨時表空間的一個數據文件: SQL> alter database tempfile ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/temp02.dbf’ drop; --刪除臨時表空間(徹底刪除): SQL> drop tablespace temp1 including contents and datafiles cascade constraints; 7、查看臨時表空間的使用情況(gv_$TEMP_SPACE_HEADER視圖必須在sys用戶下才能查詢) --gv_$TEMP_SPACE_HEADER視圖記錄了臨時表空間的使用大小與未使用的大小 --dba_temp_files視圖的bytes字段記錄的是臨時表空間的總大小 select temp_used.tablespace_name,total - used as "Free",total as "Total",round(nvl(total - used, 0) * 100 / total, 3) "Free percent"FROM (select tablespace_name, sum(bytes_used) / 1024 / 1024 usedFROM gv_$TEMP_SPACE_HEADERGROUP BY tablespace_name) temp_used,(SELECT tablespace_name, sum(bytes) / 1024 / 1024 totalFROM dba_temp_filesGROUP BY tablespace_name) temp_totalWHERE temp_used.tablespace_name = temp_total.tablespace_nameORDER BY B.TABLESPACE, B.SEGFILE#, B.SEGBLK#, B.BLOCKS;
針對字典管理臨時表空間: select (s.tot_used_blocks/f.total_blocks)*100 as "percent used" from (select sum(used_blocks) tot_used_blocks from v$sort_segment where tablespace_name='TEMP') s, (select sum(blocks) total_blocks from dba_data_files where tablespace_name='TEMP') f;
針對本地管理表空間:
select (s.tot_used_blocks/f.total_blocks)*100 as "percent used" from (select sum(used_blocks) tot_used_blocks from v$sort_segment where tablespace_name='TEMP') s, (select sum(blocks) total_blocks from dba_temp_files where tablespace_name='TEMP') f;
REM Listing of temp segments
SELECT A.tablespace_name tablespace, D.mb_total,
SUM (A.used_blocks * D.block_size) / 1024 / 1024 mb_used,
D.mb_total - SUM (A.used_blocks * D.block_size) / 1024 / 1024 mb_free
FROM v$sort_segment A,
(
SELECT B.name, C.block_size, SUM (C.bytes) / 1024 / 1024 mb_total
FROM v$tablespace B, v$tempfile C
WHERE B.ts#= C.ts#
GROUP BY B.name, C.block_size
) D
WHERE A.tablespace_name = D.name
GROUP by A.tablespace_name, D.mb_total;
REM Temp segment usage per session
SELECT S.sid || ',' || S.serial# sid_serial, S.username, S.osuser, P.spid, S.module,
P.program, SUM (T.blocks) * TBS.block_size / 1024 / 1024 mb_used, T.tablespace,
COUNT(*) statements
FROM v$sort_usage T, v$session S, dba_tablespaces TBS, v$process P
WHERE T.session_addr = S.saddr
AND S.paddr = P.addr
AND T.tablespace = TBS.tablespace_name
GROUP BY S.sid, S.serial#, S.username, S.osuser, P.spid, S.module,
P.program, TBS.block_size, T.tablespace
ORDER BY sid_serial;
How Do You Find Who And What SQL Is Using Temp Segments?
SELECT a.username, a.sid, a.serial#, a.osuser, b.tablespace, b.blocks, c.sql_text
FROM v$session a, v$sort_usage b, v$sqlarea c
WHERE a.saddr = b.session_addr
AND c.address= a.sql_address
AND c.hash_value = a.sql_hash_value
ORDER BY b.tablespace, b.blocks;
For 10.1 and above:
SELECT a.username, a.sid, a.serial#, a.osuser, b.tablespace, b.blocks, c.sql_text
FROM v$session a, v$tempseg_usage b, v$sqlarea c
WHERE a.saddr = b.session_addr
AND c.address= a.sql_address
AND c.hash_value = a.sql_hash_value
ORDER BY b.tablespace, b.blocks;
REM #*****************************************************
REM #File Name: sort.sql
REM #
REM #Purpose: Report Sort Statistics
REM#
REM #*****************************************************
SELECT substr(vs.username,1,20) "db user",
substr(vs.osuser,1,20) "os user",
substr(vsn.name,1,20) "Type of Sort",
vss.value
FROM v$session vs,
v$sesstat vss,
v$statname vsn
WHERE (vss.statistic#=vsn.statistic#) AND
(vs.sid = vss.sid) AND
(vsn.name like '%sort%')
ORDER BY 2,3;
Creator of Sort Segment in Oracle 8 and above
SELECT b.tablespace, b.segfile#, b.segblk#, b.blocks, a.sid, a.serial#,
a.username, a.osuser, a.status
FROM v$session a,v$sort_usage b
WHERE a.saddr = b.session_addr
ORDER BY b.tablespace, b.segfile#, b.segblk#, b.blocks;
oracle 臨時表空間的增刪改查
1、查看臨時表空間 (dba_temp_files視圖)(v_$tempfile視圖)
select tablespace_name,file_name,bytes/1024/1024 file_size,autoextensible from dba_temp_files;
select status,enabled, name, bytes/1024/1024 file_size from v_$tempfile;--sys用戶查看
2、縮小臨時表空間大小
alter database tempfile 'D:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.2.0\ORADATA\TELEMT\TEMP01.DBF' resize 100M;
3、擴展臨時表空間:
方法一、增大臨時文件大小:
SQL> alter database tempfile ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/temp01.dbf’ resize 100m;
方法二、將臨時數據文件設為自動擴展:
SQL> alter database tempfile ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/temp01.dbf’ autoextend on next 5m maxsize unlimited;
方法三、向臨時表空間中添加數據文件:
SQL> alter tablespace temp add tempfile ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/temp02.dbf’ size 100m;
4、創建臨時表空間:
SQL> create temporary tablespace temp1 tempfile ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/temp11.dbf’ size 10M;
5、更改系統的默認臨時表空間:
--查詢默認臨時表空間
select * from database_properties where property_name='DEFAULT_TEMP_TABLESPACE';
--修改默認臨時表空間
alter database default temporary tablespace temp1;
所有用戶的默認臨時表空間都將切換為新的臨時表空間:
select username,temporary_tablespace,default_ from dba_users;
--更改某一用戶的臨時表空間:
alter user scott temporary tablespace temp;
6、刪除臨時表空間
刪除臨時表空間的一個數據文件:
SQL> alter database tempfile ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/temp02.dbf’ drop;
刪除臨時表空間(徹底刪除):
SQL> drop tablespace temp1 including contents and datafiles cascade constraints;
7、查看臨時表空間的使用情況(GV_$TEMP_SPACE_HEADER視圖必須在sys用戶下才能查詢)
GV_$TEMP_SPACE_HEADER視圖記錄了臨時表空間的使用大小與未使用的大小
dba_temp_files視圖的bytes字段記錄的是臨時表空間的總大小
SELECT temp_used.tablespace_name,
?????? total - used as "Free",
?????? total as "Total",
?????? round(nvl(total - used, 0) * 100 / total, 3) "Free percent"
? FROM (SELECT tablespace_name, SUM(bytes_used) / 1024 / 1024 used
????????? FROM GV_$TEMP_SPACE_HEADER
???????? GROUP BY tablespace_name) temp_used,
?????? (SELECT tablespace_name, SUM(bytes) / 1024 / 1024 total
????????? FROM dba_temp_files
???????? GROUP BY tablespace_name) temp_total
?WHERE temp_used.tablespace_name = temp_total.tablespace_name
8、查找消耗資源比較的sql語句
Select se.username,
?????? se.sid,
?????? su.extents,
?????? su.blocks * to_number(rtrim(p.value)) as Space,
?????? tablespace,
?????? segtype,
?????? sql_text
? from v$sort_usage su, v$parameter p, v$session se, v$sql s
?where p.name = 'db_block_size'
?? and su.session_addr = se.saddr
?? and s.hash_value = su.sqlhash
?? and s.address = su.sqladdr
?order by se.username, se.sid
?
9、查看當前臨時表空間使用大小與正在占用臨時表空間的sql語句
select sess.SID, segtype, blocks * 8 / 1000 "MB", sql_text
? from v$sort_usage sort, v$session sess, v$sql sql
?where sort.SESSION_ADDR = sess.SADDR
?? and sql.ADDRESS = sess.SQL_ADDRESS
?order by blocks desc;
10、臨時表空間組介紹
? 1)創建臨時表空間組:
create temporary tablespace tempts1 tempfile '/home/oracle/temp1_02.dbf' size 2M tablespace group group1;
create temporary tablespace tempts2 tempfile '/home/oracle/temp2_02.dbf' size 2M tablespace group group2;
?
?2)查詢臨時表空間組:dba_tablespace_groups視圖
select * from dba_tablespace_groups;
GROUP_NAME???????????????????? TABLESPACE_NAME
------------------------------ ------------------------------
GROUP1???????????????????????? TEMPTS1
GROUP2???????????????????????? TEMPTS2
?3)將表空間從一個臨時表空間組移動到另外一個臨時表空間組:
alter tablespace tempts1 tablespace group GROUP2 ;
select * from dba_tablespace_groups;
GROUP_NAME???????????????????? TABLESPACE_NAME
------------------------------ ------------------------------
GROUP2???????????????????????? TEMPTS1
GROUP2???????????????????????? TEMPTS2
?4)把臨時表空間組指定給用戶
alter user scott temporary tablespace GROUP2;
?5)在數據庫級設置臨時表空間
alter database <db_name> default temporary tablespace GROUP2;
?6)刪除臨時表空間組 (刪除組成臨時表空間組的所有臨時表空間)
drop tablespace tempts1 including contents and datafiles;
select * from dba_tablespace_groups;
GROUP_NAME???????????????????? TABLESPACE_NAME
------------------------------ ------------------------------
GROUP2???????????????????????? TEMPTS2
drop tablespace tempts2 including contents and datafiles;
select * from dba_tablespace_groups;
GROUP_NAME???????????????????? TABLESPACE_NAME
11、對臨時表空間進行shrink(11g新增的功能)
--將temp表空間收縮為20M
alter tablespace temp shrink space keep 20M;
--自動將表空間的臨時文件縮小到最小可能的大小
ALTER TABLESPACE temp SHRINK TEMPFILE ’/u02/oracle/data/lmtemp02.dbf’;
臨時表空間作用
Oracle臨時表空間主要用來做查詢和存放一些緩沖區數據。臨時表空間消耗的主要原因是需要對查詢的中間結果進行排序。
重啟數據庫可以釋放臨時表空間,如果不能重啟實例,而一直保持問題sql語句的執行,temp表空間會一直增長。直到耗盡硬盤空間。
網上有人猜測在磁盤空間的分配上,oracle使用的是貪心算法,如果上次磁盤空間消耗達到1GB,那么臨時表空間就是1GB。
也就是說當前臨時表空間文件的大小是歷史上使用臨時表空間最大的大小。
臨時表空間的主要作用:
? 索引create或rebuild;
? Order by 或 group by;
? Distinct 操作;
? Union 或 intersect 或 minus;
? Sort-merge joins;
? analyze.
轉載于:https://www.cnblogs.com/Kconnie/p/4716281.html
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