linux mysql主从配置_linux下mysql主从配置
還可以參考:https://www.cnblogs.com/Halifa/archive/2016/08/23/5799566.html
一、主服務(wù)器相關(guān)配置
1、創(chuàng)建同步賬戶并指定服務(wù)器地址
[root@localhost ~]mysql -uroot -p
mysql>use mysql
mysql>grant replication slave on *.* to 'testuser'@'192.168.1.102' identified by '12345678';
mysql>flush privileges; #刷新權(quán)限
授權(quán)用戶testuser只能從192.168.1.102這個地址訪問主服務(wù)器192.168.1.101的數(shù)據(jù)庫,并且只具有數(shù)據(jù)庫備份的權(quán)限
2、修改/etc/my.cnf配置文件vi /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]下添加以下參數(shù),若文件中已經(jīng)存在,則不用添加
server-id=1
log-bin=mysql-bin? #啟動MySQL二進(jìn)制日志系統(tǒng),
binlog-do-db=ourneeddb? #需要同步的數(shù)據(jù)庫
binlog-ignore-db=mysql? #不同步mysql系統(tǒng)數(shù)據(jù)庫,若還有其它不想同步的,繼續(xù)添加
[root@localhost ~]/etc/init.d/mysqld restart #重啟服務(wù)
3、查看主服務(wù)器master狀態(tài)(注意File與Position項,從服務(wù)器需要這兩項參數(shù))
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File? ? ? ? ? ? | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000012 |? ? ? 120 | ourneeddb| mysql? ? ? ? ? ? |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
4、導(dǎo)出數(shù)據(jù)庫
導(dǎo)出數(shù)據(jù)庫之前先鎖定數(shù)據(jù)庫
flush tables with read lock;? ? #數(shù)據(jù)庫只讀鎖定命令,防止導(dǎo)出數(shù)據(jù)庫的時候有數(shù)據(jù)寫入
unlock tables; #解除鎖定
導(dǎo)出數(shù)據(jù)庫結(jié)構(gòu)及數(shù)據(jù):mysqldump -uroot -p ourneeddb > /home/ourneeddb.sql
導(dǎo)出存儲過程及函數(shù) :mysqldump -uroot -p -ntd -R ourneeddb > ourneeddb_func.sql
tips:-ntd導(dǎo)出存儲過程、-R導(dǎo)出函數(shù)
二、從服務(wù)器相關(guān)配置
1、修改/etc/my.cnf配置文件vi /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]下添加以下參數(shù),若文件中已經(jīng)存在,則不用添加
server-id=2? #設(shè)置從服務(wù)器id,必須于主服務(wù)器不同
log-bin=mysql-bin? #啟動MySQ二進(jìn)制日志系統(tǒng)
replicate-do-db=ourneeddb? #需要同步的數(shù)據(jù)庫名
replicate-ignore-db=mysql? #不同步mysql系統(tǒng)數(shù)據(jù)庫
[root@localhost~ ]/etc/init.d/mysqld restart #重啟服務(wù)
2、導(dǎo)入數(shù)據(jù)庫
導(dǎo)入過程這里不做闡述
3、配置主從同步
[root@localhost~ ]mysql -uroot -p
mysql>use mysql
mysql>stop slave;
mysql>change master to
master_host='192.168.1.101',
master_user='testuser',
master_password='12345678',
master_log_file='mysql-bin.000012',
master_log_pos=120;? #log_file與log_pos是主服務(wù)器master狀態(tài)下的File與Position
mysql>start slave;
mysql>show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.1.101
Master_User: testuser
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000012
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 120
Relay_Log_File: orange-2-relay-bin.000003
Relay_Log_Pos: 283
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000012
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB: orange
Replicate_Ignore_DB: mysql,test,information_schema,performance_schema
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 120
Relay_Log_Space: 1320
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 1
Master_UUID: 773d2987-6821-11e6-b9e0-00163f0004f9
Master_Info_File: /home/mysql/master.info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
Auto_Position: 0
注意查看Slave_IO_Running: Yes? Slave_SQL_Running: Yes?這兩項必須為Yes 以及Log_File、Log_Pos要于master狀態(tài)下的File,Position相同
如果都是正確的,則說明配置成功!
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常見錯誤原因:
https://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-03/57708.htm
https://blog.csdn.net/jasontech/article/details/39435873
1從服務(wù)器配置下列兩項,一定要跟主服務(wù)器一致
master_log_file='mysql-bin.000012',
master_log_pos=120;? #log_file與log_pos是主服務(wù)器master狀態(tài)下的File與Position
2? 報錯 Slave_IO_Running: NO
(1)
這個錯誤就是IO 進(jìn)程沒連接上? ,想辦法連接上把 把與主的POS 號和文件一定要對,然后重新加載下數(shù)據(jù)。具體步驟:
stop? ?slave?;
change master to master_host='IP地址',master_user='club',master_password='mima ',master_log_file='mysqld-bin.000048',MASTER_LOG_POS=396549485;
注:master_log_file='mysqld-bin.000048',MASTER_LOG_POS=396549485;是從主的上面查出 來的 :show master status\G;
LOAD DATA FROM MASTER;
load data from master;
start? ?slave?;
(2)查看主數(shù)據(jù)庫錯誤日志 查找原因
[ERROR] Slave I/O: Fatal error: The slave I/O thread stops because master and slave have equal MySQL server UUIDs; these UUIDs must be different for replication to work. Error_code: 1593
我是在虛擬機下 兩臺機子克隆復(fù)制? 所以兩臺機子中配置文件中uuid一致? 隨機修改一下 就解決了
錯誤原因:由于主機和備機的UUID一致
解決方法:修改UUID保證主備機不一致? 到安裝目錄data下的auto.cnf? 修改uuid即可(cd? ?/usr/local/mysql/data)
總結(jié)
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