mysql> show databases;mysql> create database gradesystem;mysql> use gradesystem;mysql> create table tb_class-> (-> clid int not null comment '班級(jí)編號(hào)',-> clname varchar(20) not null comment '班級(jí)名稱(chēng)',-> primary key(clid)-> );mysql> show tables; +-----------------------+ | Tables_in_gradesystem | +-----------------------+ | tb_class | +-----------------------+mysql> create table tb_student-> (-> stuid int not null,-> stuname varchar(4) not null,-> clid int not null comment '班級(jí)編號(hào)',-> primary key(stuid)-> );mysql> show tables; +-----------------------+ | Tables_in_gradesystem | +-----------------------+ | tb_class | | tb_student | +-----------------------+mysql> create table tb_course-> (-> cid int not null comment '課程編號(hào)',-> cname varchar(20) not null comment '課程名稱(chēng)',-> primary key (cid)-> );mysql> show tables; +-----------------------+ | Tables_in_gradesystem | +-----------------------+ | tb_class | | tb_course | | tb_student | +-----------------------+mysql> create table tb_mark(-> mid int not null,-> clid int not null comment '班級(jí)編號(hào)',-> stuid int not null,-> cid int not null comment '課程編號(hào)',-> score decimal(4,1) comment '成績(jī)',-> primary key(mid)-> );mysql> show tables; +-----------------------+ | Tables_in_gradesystem | +-----------------------+ | tb_class | | tb_course | | tb_mark | | tb_student | +-----------------------+//ALTER TABLE <數(shù)據(jù)表名> add constraint FK_主表_從表 foreign key (外鍵字段) references 主表(主表主鍵字段); //ALTER TABLE <數(shù)據(jù)表名> ADD CONSTRAINT <唯一約束名> UNIQUE(<列名>);mysql> alter table tb_student add constraint uni_id unique(stuid);mysql> alter table tb_student add constraint fk_student_clid foreign key(clid) references tb_class(clid);mysql> alter table tb_mark add constraint fk_mark_clid foreign key(clid) referen ces tb_class(clid);mysql> alter table tb_mark add constraint fk_mark_stuid foreign key(stuid) refer ences tb_student(stuid);mysql> alter table tb_mark add constraint fk_mark_cid foreign key(cid) reference s tb_course(cid);mysql> insert into tb_course(cid,cname)values-> (1,'C++程序設(shè)計(jì)'),-> (2,'多媒體技術(shù)'),-> (3,'大學(xué)英語(yǔ)'),-> (4,'高等數(shù)學(xué)'),-> (5,'大學(xué)體育'),-> (6,'馬克思主義政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)');mysql> insert into tb_class(clid,clname)values-> (1,'一班'),-> (2,'二班'),-> (3,'三班'),-> (4,'四班'),-> (5,'五班'),-> (6,'六班'),-> (7,'七班'),-> (8,'八班'),-> (9,'九班'),-> (10,'十班');mysql> insert into tb_student(stuid,stuname,clid)values-> (001,'張三',1),-> (002,'李四',1),-> (003,'王二',1);//如果該字段不是主鍵，需要先設(shè)置該字段為主鍵：//alter table 表名 add primary key(字段名);//修改字段為自動(dòng)增長(zhǎng)//alter table 表名 change 字段名 字段名 字段類(lèi)型 auto_increment;mysql> alter table tb_mark change mid mid int not null auto_increment;mysql> insert into tb_mark(clid,stuid,cid,score)values-> (1,001,1,80),-> (1,001,2,88),-> (1,001,3,71),-> (1,001,4,60),-> (1,001,5,66),-> (1,001,6,91),-> (1,002,1,77),-> (1,002,2,73),-> (1,002,3,84),-> (1,002,4,93),-> (1,002,5,64),-> (1,002,6,91),-> (1,003,1,97),-> (1,003,2,89),-> (1,003,3,81),-> (1,003,4,79),-> (1,003,5,93),-> (1,003,6,88);mysql> show tables; +-----------------------+ | Tables_in_gradesystem | +-----------------------+ | tb_class | | tb_course | | tb_mark | | tb_student | +-----------------------+mysql> select * from tb_class; +------+--------+ | clid | clname | +------+--------+ | 1 | 一班 | | 2 | 二班 | | 3 | 三班 | | 4 | 四班 | | 5 | 五班 | | 6 | 六班 | | 7 | 七班 | | 8 | 八班 | | 9 | 九班 | | 10 | 十班 | +------+--------+mysql> select * from tb_course; +-----+--------------------------------+ | cid | cname | +-----+--------------------------------+ | 1 | C++程序設(shè)計(jì) | | 2 | 多媒體技術(shù) | | 3 | 大學(xué)英語(yǔ) | | 4 | 高等數(shù)學(xué) | | 5 | 大學(xué)體育 | | 6 | 馬克思主義政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué) | +-----+--------------------------------+mysql> select *from tb_mark; +-----+------+-------+-----+-------+ | mid | clid | stuid | cid | score | +-----+------+-------+-----+-------+ | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 80.0 | | 3 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 88.0 | | 4 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 71.0 | | 5 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 60.0 | | 6 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 66.0 | | 7 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 91.0 | | 8 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 77.0 | | 9 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 73.0 | | 10 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 84.0 | | 11 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 93.0 | | 12 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 64.0 | | 13 | 1 | 2 | 6 | 91.0 | | 14 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 97.0 | | 15 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 89.0 | | 16 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 81.0 | | 17 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 79.0 | | 18 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 93.0 | | 19 | 1 | 3 | 6 | 88.0 | +-----+------+-------+-----+-------+mysql> select * from tb_student; +-------+---------+------+ | stuid | stuname | clid | +-------+---------+------+ | 1 | 張三 | 1 | | 2 | 李四 | 1 | | 3 | 王二 | 1 | +-------+---------+------+mysql> select tb_student.stuname,tb_mark.score,tb_mark.cid from tb_student,tb_mark where tb_student.stuid=tb_mark.stuid; +---------+-------+-----+ | stuname | score | cid | +---------+-------+-----+ | 張三 | 80.0 | 1 | | 張三 | 88.0 | 2 | | 張三 | 71.0 | 3 | | 張三 | 60.0 | 4 | | 張三 | 66.0 | 5 | | 張三 | 91.0 | 6 | | 李四 | 77.0 | 1 | | 李四 | 73.0 | 2 | | 李四 | 84.0 | 3 | | 李四 | 93.0 | 4 | | 李四 | 64.0 | 5 | | 李四 | 91.0 | 6 | | 王二 | 97.0 | 1 | | 王二 | 89.0 | 2 | | 王二 | 81.0 | 3 | | 王二 | 79.0 | 4 | | 王二 | 93.0 | 5 | | 王二 | 88.0 | 6 | +---------+-------+-----+

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