前言: 針對(duì)高延時(shí)任務(wù), 直接在一次網(wǎng)絡(luò)請(qǐng)求中處理完畢會(huì)導(dǎo)致很不好的體驗(yàn), celery則可以不阻塞請(qǐng)求后臺(tái)處理這些任務(wù), 并且可以使用django的models進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)操作.

環(huán)境

python models:

• celery-4.1.1
• redis-2.10.6
• django-1.11.7

其他:

• redis-3.2.9
• macos
• python3.6

創(chuàng)建django工程

django-admin startproject dc
cd dc
django-admin startapp main

此時(shí)項(xiàng)目結(jié)構(gòu)如下

dc |-- __init__.py |-- main | |-- __init__.py | |-- admin.py | |-- apps.py | |-- migrations | | `-- __init__.py | |-- models.py | |-- tests.py | `-- views.py |-- settings.py |-- urls.py `-- wsgi.py

修改settings.py, 添加app

INSTALLED_APPS = ['django.contrib.admin','django.contrib.auth','django.contrib.contenttypes','django.contrib.sessions','django.contrib.messages','django.contrib.staticfiles','dc.main' //new added ]

修改dc/main/models.py, 創(chuàng)建新models

from django.db import models# Create your models here.class Person(models.Model):first_name = models.CharField(max_length=30)last_name = models.CharField(max_length=30)

創(chuàng)建根訪問節(jié)點(diǎn)

dc/main/views.py

from django.shortcuts import render from django.http import HttpResponse # Create your views here.def hello(request):return HttpResponse('hello world')

dc/urls.py

urlpatterns = [url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),url(r'^$', hello) //new added ]

依次執(zhí)行以下語(yǔ)句, 初始化django各功能模塊

python manage.py migrate python manage.py makemigrations main python manage.py sqlmigrate main 0001 python manage.py migrate

接下來python manage.py runserver, 訪問http://127.0.0.1:8000 即可看到hello world.

啟動(dòng)redis

redis是作為celery中間件使用的, 用來存儲(chǔ)消息隊(duì)列.

redis解壓后, 直接運(yùn)行src/redis-server即可啟動(dòng), 默認(rèn)端口6379

配置celery

參考文檔

創(chuàng)建dc/celery.py

#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-import os from celery import Celery# set the default Django settings module for the 'celery' program. os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'dc.settings')app = Celery('dc')# Using a string here means the worker doesn't have to serialize # the configuration object to child processes. # - namespace='CELERY' means all celery-related configuration keys # should have a `CELERY_` prefix. app.config_from_object('django.conf:settings', namespace='CELERY')# Load task modules from all registered Django app configs. app.autodiscover_tasks()

修改 dc/__init__.py

from .celery import app as celery_app__all__ = ['celery_app']

修改 dc/settings.py, 設(shè)定 redis URL

CELERY_BROKER_URL = 'redis://127.0.0.1:6379/3'

創(chuàng)建dc/main/tasks.py

#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-from celery import shared_task@shared_task def test():import timetime.sleep(5)from dc.main.models import Personperson = Person(first_name='smith', last_name='jhon')person.save()c = Person.objects.count()print(f'person count is {c}')

修改dc/main/views.py

def hello(request):from dc.main.tasks import testtest.delay()return HttpResponse('hello world')

啟動(dòng)celery進(jìn)程

celery -A dc worker -l info

接下來訪問http://127.0.0.1:8000, 即可發(fā)現(xiàn)頁(yè)面立刻返回, 并沒有被time阻塞, 查看啟動(dòng)celery的窗口, 即可發(fā)現(xiàn)log以及打印的信息, 確定models可以正常使用.

おわり.

總結(jié)

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