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個人座右銘：
1.沒有橫空出世，只要厚積一定發。
2.你可以學歷不高，你可以不上學，但你不能不學習

一、錯誤展示

Thread 3 "onvif" received signal SIGSEGV, Segmentation fault. [Switching to Thread 0x7ffff1c4e700 (LWP 8982)] 0x00007ffff3d3ecd0 in _IO_vfprintf_internal (s=0x7ffff40b5620 <_IO_2_1_stdout_>, format=<optimized out>, format@entry=0x7a073d "% %d %s xADDR:%s\n", ap=ap@entry=0x7ffff1c4da18) at vfprintf.c:1632 1632 vfprintf.c: 沒有那個文件或目錄.

查看堆棧：

(gdb) bt #0 0x00007ffff3d3ecd0 in _IO_vfprintf_internal (s=0x7ffff40b5620 <_IO_2_1_stdout_>, format=<optimized out>, format@entry=0x7a073d "% %d %s xADDR:%s\n", ap=ap@entry=0x7ffff1c4da18) at vfprintf.c:1632 #1 0x00007ffff3e06aef in ___printf_chk (flag=flag@entry=1, format=format@entry=0x7a073d "% %d %s xADDR:%s\n") at printf_chk.c:35 #2 0x000000000075c168 in printf (__fmt=0x7a073d "% %d %s xADDR:%s\n") at /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/bits/stdio2.h:104 #3 NVR_camera_channel_num_que_node_exists_XAddr (p=p@entry=0xc67eb8, nvr_XAddr=0x7fffe00466a0 "http://192.168.3.110:80/onvif/device_service ") at NVR_camera_channel_num_que.c:158 #4 0x0000000000453416 in p_onvif_server_udp (arg=0xc67e00) at pthread_onvif_server_udp.c:303 #5 0x00007ffff7bc16ba in start_thread (arg=0x7ffff1c4e700) at pthread_create.c:333 #6 0x00007ffff3df751d in clone () at ../sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/x86_64/clone.S:109

? 確定代碼出錯位置：

二、解決

1.在錯誤的函數中增加斷點

(gdb) b NVR_camera_channel_num_que.c:158 Breakpoint 1 at 0x75c13d: file NVR_camera_channel_num_que.c, line 158.

2.重啟并且單步調試

(gdb) r The program being debugged has been started already. Start it from the beginning? (y or n) y Starting program: /mnt/hgfs/project/visual_gateway/software/src_intra_20220618/onvif [Thread debugging using libthread_db enabled] Using host libthread_db library "/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libthread_db.so.1". [2022/06/21 15:02:29]: vivsual gateway is starting [2022/06/21 15:02:29]: [2022/06/21 15:02:29]: para file already exist! [2022/06/21 15:02:29]: parameter config file init succeed!~ [2022/06/21 15:02:29]: init complete! [2022/06/21 15:02:29]: Redis_host_port:6379 [2022/06/21 15:02:29]: Redis_protocol_type:tcp [2022/06/21 15:02:29]: Redis_protocol_type:127.0.0.1 [2022/06/21 15:02:29]: Redis_whether_use:YES [2022/06/21 15:02:29]: Redis_channel_name:pubtoplat [2022/06/21 15:02:29]: MySQL_host_port:3306 [2022/06/21 15:02:29]: MySQL_user_name:root [2022/06/21 15:02:29]: MySQL_pass_word:1 [2022/06/21 15:02:29]: MySQL_host_ip:127.0.0.1 [2022/06/21 15:02:29]: MySQL_database:demo1 [2022/06/21 15:02:29]: MySQL_charset:utf8 [2022/06/21 15:02:29]: MySQL_protocol_type:tcp [2022/06/21 15:02:29]: UDP_active:YES [2022/06/21 15:02:29]: TCP_active:YES [2022/06/21 15:02:29]: TCP_passivity:YES [2022/06/21 15:02:29]: up_sip_id:34020000002000000001 [2022/06/21 15:02:29]: up_Realm:34020000002 [2022/06/21 15:02:29]: up_Password:123456789 [2022/06/21 15:02:29]: up_Username:admin [2022/06/21 15:02:29]: up_Nonce:1622614946 [2022/06/21 15:02:29]: up_host:192.168.1.2 [2022/06/21 15:02:29]: up_port:6100 [2022/06/21 15:02:29]: UDP_AC_SIP_id:34020000002000000001 [2022/06/21 15:02:29]: UDP_AC_Realm:3402000000 [2022/06/21 15:02:29]: UDP_AC_Password:123456789 [2022/06/21 15:02:29]: UDP_AC_Username:root [2022/06/21 15:02:29]: UDP_AC_Nonce:1622614945 [2022/06/21 15:02:29]: UDP_ListenHost_buff:eth0 [2022/06/21 15:02:29]: UDP_ListenPort:5800 [2022/06/21 15:02:29]: TCP_AC_SIP_id:34020000002000000004 [2022/06/21 15:02:29]: TCP_AC_Realm:3402000001 [2022/06/21 15:02:29]: TCP_AC_Password:123456789 [2022/06/21 15:02:29]: TCP_AC_Username:root [2022/06/21 15:02:29]: TCP_AC_Nonce:1622614945 [2022/06/21 15:02:29]: TCP_ListenHost_buff:eth1 [2022/06/21 15:02:29]: TCP_ListenPort:5900 [2022/06/21 15:02:29]: TCP_PS_SIP_id:34020000002000000005 [2022/06/21 15:02:29]: TCP_PS_Realm:3402000002 [2022/06/21 15:02:29]: TCP_PS_Password:123456789 [2022/06/21 15:02:29]: TCP_PS_Username:root [2022/06/21 15:02:29]: TCP_PS_Nonce:1622614945 [2022/06/21 15:02:29]: TCP_SerHost_buff:eth2 [2022/06/21 15:02:29]: TCP_SerPort:6000 [2022/06/21 15:02:29]: msg_conf_file:../msg/msg_file.txt [2022/06/21 15:02:29]: SIP_connect_STA_file:../para/platform_para.txt ptr->msg_qid:0 [New Thread 0x7ffff7fc0700 (LWP 9045)] [2022/06/21 15:02:29]: Create Pthread (p_data_deal) ok [New Thread 0x7ffff1c4e700 (LWP 9046)] [2022/06/21 15:02:29]: Create Pthread (p_onvif_server_udp) ok [2022/06/21 15:02:29]: p_data_deal stack size: 1052672 pthread_onvif_server_udp.c 269 p_onvif_server_udp suc pthread_onvif_server_udp.c 278 p_onvif_server_udp recv ================= + dump__wsdd__ProbeMatches + >>> wsdd__ProbeMatches: (0x7fffe8047da0)|- __sizeProbeMatch: 1|- ProbeMatch: (0x7fffe8047da8)|- 0|- wsa__EndpointReference: (0x7fffe80466f0)|- Address: urn:uuid:055e81bd-1787-49f8-bb60-3cda6d9939da|- ReferenceProperties: (null)|- ReferenceParameters: (null)|- PortType: (null)|- ServiceName: (null)|- __size: 0|- __any: (null)|- __anyAttribute: |- Types: tdn:NetworkVideoTransmitter tds:Device|- Scopes: (0x7fffe8047f80)|- __item: onvif://www.onvif.org/type/video_encoder onvif://www.onvif.org/type/audio_encoder onvif://www.onvif.org/type/ptz onvif://www.onvif.org/Profile/Streaming onvif://www.onvif.org/hardware/hisi onvif://www.onvif.org/mfr/ipcamera onvif://www.onvif.org/location/country/china onvif://www.onvif.org/location/city/tianjin onvif://www.onvif.org/mac onvif://www.onvif.org/firmware/APP_V3.3.0.20200713 onvif://www.onvif.org/name/ipcamera|- MatchBy: (null)|- XAddrs: http://192.168.3.110:80/onvif/device_service |- MetadataVersion: 1 ================= - dump__wsdd__ProbeMatches - <<< pthread_onvif_server_udp.c 283 p_onvif_server_udp suc pthread_onvif_server_udp.c 301 p_onvif_server_udp count:1 [Switching to Thread 0x7ffff1c4e700 (LWP 9046)]Thread 3 "onvif" hit Breakpoint 1, NVR_camera_channel_num_que_node_exists_XAddr (p=p@entry=0xc67eb8, nvr_XAddr=0x7fffe80466a0 "http://192.168.3.110:80/onvif/device_service ") at NVR_camera_channel_num_que.c:160 160 if(SUC_RET == memcmp(tmp_node->nvr_XAddr, nvr_XAddr, MAX(strlen(tmp_node->nvr_XAddr), strlen(nvr_XAddr))) )

單步調試：

Thread 3 "onvif" hit Breakpoint 2, NVR_camera_channel_num_que_node_exists_XAddr (p=p@entry=0xc67eb8, nvr_XAddr=0x7fffe00466a0 "http://192.168.3.110:80/onvif/device_service ") at NVR_camera_channel_num_que.c:148 148 if((!p) || (!nvr_XAddr)) (gdb) n 147 { (gdb) 153 if(p->head.p_next == &(p->tail)) return 1; (gdb) n 147 { (gdb) n 153 if(p->head.p_next == &(p->tail)) return 1; (gdb) n 156 for(tmp_node = &(p->head.p_next);tmp_node != &(p->tail); tmp_node = tmp_node->p_next) (gdb) n 153 if(p->head.p_next == &(p->tail)) return 1; (gdb) nThread 3 "onvif" hit Breakpoint 1, NVR_camera_channel_num_que_node_exists_XAddr (p=p@entry=0xc67eb8, nvr_XAddr=0x7fffe00466a0 "http://192.168.3.110:80/onvif/device_service ") at NVR_camera_channel_num_que.c:160 160 if(SUC_RET == memcmp(tmp_node->nvr_XAddr, nvr_XAddr, MAX(strlen(tmp_node->nvr_XAddr), strlen(nvr_XAddr))) ) (gdb) n 158 printf("% %d %s xADDR:%s\n", __FILE__, __LINE__, __func__, nvr_XAddr); (gdb) nThread 3 "onvif" received signal SIGSEGV, Segmentation fault. 0x00007ffff3d3ecd0 in _IO_vfprintf_internal (s=0x7ffff40b5620 <_IO_2_1_stdout_>, format=<optimized out>, format@entry=0x7a073d "% %d %s xADDR:%s\n", ap=ap@entry=0x7ffff1c4da18) at vfprintf.c:1632 1632 vfprintf.c: 沒有那個文件或目錄. (gdb)

問題基礎確認為：

?基礎解決：屏蔽對應的函數

繼續重新調試：

Thread 3 "onvif" hit Breakpoint 2, NVR_camera_channel_num_que_node_exists_XAddr (p=p@entry=0xc67eb8, nvr_XAddr=0x7fffe00466a0 "http://192.168.3.110:80/onvif/device_service ") at NVR_camera_channel_num_que.c:148 148 if((!p) || (!nvr_XAddr)) (gdb) n 147 { (gdb) n 153 if(p->head.p_next == &(p->tail)) return 1; (gdb) n 147 { (gdb) n 153 if(p->head.p_next == &(p->tail)) return 1; (gdb) n 156 for(tmp_node = &(p->head.p_next);tmp_node != &(p->tail); tmp_node = tmp_node->p_next) (gdb) n 153 if(p->head.p_next == &(p->tail)) return 1; (gdb) nThread 3 "onvif" hit Breakpoint 1, NVR_camera_channel_num_que_node_exists_XAddr (p=p@entry=0xc67eb8, nvr_XAddr=0x7fffe00466a0 "http://192.168.3.110:80/onvif/device_service ") at NVR_camera_channel_num_que.c:160 160 if(SUC_RET == memcmp(tmp_node->nvr_XAddr, nvr_XAddr, MAX(strlen(tmp_node->nvr_XAddr), strlen(nvr_XAddr))) ) (gdb) n 164 printf("%s %d %s \n", __FILE__, __LINE__, __func__ ); (gdb) n NVR_camera_channel_num_que.c 164 NVR_camera_channel_num_que_node_exists_XAddr 156 for(tmp_node = &(p->head.p_next);tmp_node != &(p->tail); tmp_node = tmp_node->p_next) (gdb) nThread 3 "onvif" hit Breakpoint 1, NVR_camera_channel_num_que_node_exists_XAddr (p=p@entry=0xc67eb8, nvr_XAddr=0x7fffe00466a0 "http://192.168.3.110:80/onvif/device_service ") at NVR_camera_channel_num_que.c:160 160 if(SUC_RET == memcmp(tmp_node->nvr_XAddr, nvr_XAddr, MAX(strlen(tmp_node->nvr_XAddr), strlen(nvr_XAddr))) ) (gdb) nThread 3 "onvif" received signal SIGSEGV, Segmentation fault. strlen () at ../sysdeps/x86_64/strlen.S:106 106 ../sysdeps/x86_64/strlen.S: 沒有那個文件或目錄. (gdb) bt #0 strlen () at ../sysdeps/x86_64/strlen.S:106 #1 0x000000000075c14c in NVR_camera_channel_num_que_node_exists_XAddr (p=p@entry=0xc67eb8, nvr_XAddr=0x7fffe00466a0 "http://192.168.3.110:80/onvif/device_service ") at NVR_camera_channel_num_que.c:160 #2 0x0000000000453416 in p_onvif_server_udp (arg=0xc67e00) at pthread_onvif_server_udp.c:303 #3 0x00007ffff7bc16ba in start_thread (arg=0x7ffff1c4e700) at pthread_create.c:333 #4 0x00007ffff3df751d in clone () at ../sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/x86_64/clone.S:109

這里的問題為調用strlen函數導致的段錯誤，這時候就需要分析：

memcmp(tmp_node->nvr_XAddr, nvr_XAddr, MAX(strlen(tmp_node->nvr_XAddr), strlen(nvr_XAddr))) )

其實經常調試的就知道，其實這種問題就是代碼邏輯的錯誤，已分配內存但是未寫入數據的訪問造成的

代碼中增加：

Thread 3 "onvif" hit Breakpoint 1, NVR_camera_channel_num_que_node_exists_XAddr (p=p@entry=0xc67eb8, nvr_XAddr=0x7fffe00466a0 "http://192.168.3.110:80/onvif/device_service ") at NVR_camera_channel_num_que.c:148 148 if((!p) || (!nvr_XAddr)) (gdb) n 147 { (gdb) n 153 if(p->head.p_next == &(p->tail)) return 1; (gdb) n 147 { (gdb) n 153 if(p->head.p_next == &(p->tail)) return 1; (gdb) n 156 for(tmp_node = &(p->head.p_next);tmp_node != &(p->tail); tmp_node = tmp_node->p_next) (gdb) n 153 if(p->head.p_next == &(p->tail)) return 1; (gdb) n 158 printf("tmp_node->nvr_XAddr:%p \n", tmp_node->nvr_XAddr); (gdb) print tmp_node->nvr_XAddr $1 = '\000' <repeats 16 times>, "pubtoplat", '\000' <repeats 55 times>, "\353\030\000\000\000\000\000\000\321\000\000\000\000\000\000\000YES\000\377\177\000\000xK\v\364\377\177", '\000' <repeats 17 times> (gdb) n tmp_node->nvr_XAddr:0xc682c0 159 printf("nvr_XAddr:%p\n", nvr_XAddr); (gdb) print Quit (gdb) print nvr_XAddr $2 = 0x7fffe00466a0 "http://192.168.3.110:80/onvif/device_service "

?說明：?tmp_node->nvr_XAddr對應的空地址，這個時候就需要查看源碼了

這個問題為代碼邏輯的錯誤。

最后查明為這個簡單的鏈表未初始化，造成地址為空，循環判斷造成的錯誤。

修改完成代碼后，上一波調試如下：

?解決了。

三、核心點

（1）printf函數底層會調用malloc函數，如果程序陷入死循環，會不停的調用malloc

（2）gdb調試，其實這種調試主要是：斷點、單步、打印（print）

總結

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