圖形學 射線相交算法

什么是陰極射線管(CRT)？ (What is Cathode Ray Tube (CRT)?)

CRT stands for "Cathode Ray Tube".

CRT代表“ 陰極射線管” 。

Cathode Ray Tube is a technology that is used widely in the traditional televisions and screens. An image is created on the screen on Cathode Ray Tube. That image is formed by firing electrons from the backside of the tube with the help of phosphorus which is located towards the screen on Cathode Ray Tube. It accelerates and deflects the electron beam onto the screen to create images. There are three electron guns in the Cathode Ray Tube: Red, Blue, and Green. Every gun streams a steady flow of electrons. Whenever a new line begins at the screen the guns will start from the left and continue right. This is a complex process that is repeated many times until the screen is fully drawn line by line.

陰極射線管是一種在傳統電視和屏幕中廣泛使用的技術。 在陰極射線管的屏幕上創建圖像。 該圖像是通過在陰極射線管上靠近屏幕的磷的作用下從管的背面發射電子形成的。 它使電子束加速并偏轉到屏幕上以創建圖像。 陰極射線管中有三支電子槍：紅色，藍色和綠色。 每把槍都流著穩定的電子流。 每當在屏幕上出現新的一行時，槍支將從左開始，然后繼續向右。 這是一個復雜的過程，需要重復多次，直到逐行完全繪制屏幕為止。

CRT的組成 (Components of CRT)

Electron Gun

電子槍

Focusing System

調焦系統

Deflection Yoke

偏轉線圈

Phosphorus coated Screen

磷涂層篩

Let us explain each of them in detail.

讓我們詳細解釋它們。

1)電子槍 (1) Electron Gun)

The Electron Gun of a Cathode Ray Tube consists of a cathode, a control grid all around the cathode and an anode to focus the electron beam. The main purpose of the Electron Gun is to generate a beam of focused electrons accelerated towards the screen with the coating of phosphorus. The Cathode emits electrons when we supply heat to it. The surface from where the Cathode emits the beam must be as small as possible. The rate of emitted electrons depends upon the current we apply to the cathode.

陰極射線管的電子槍由陰極，圍繞陰極的控制柵和聚焦電子束的陽極組成。 電子槍的主要目的是產生一束聚焦電子束，該束電子朝著帶有磷涂層的屏幕加速。 當我們向陰極供電時，陰極會發射電子。 陰極發射光束的表面必須盡可能小。 發射電子的速率取決于我們施加到陰極的電流。

2)聚焦系統 (2) Focusing System)

The Focusing System of the Cathode Ray Tube helps the electron not to spread. Without this focusing system, the electrons will spread in the shape of a cone because it is the tendency of the electrons. The Focusing System consists of the electric and magnetic fields. All of the Focusing System is adjacent to the electrode which is accelerating the electron beam. There are two main systems inside this focusing system: The Electrostatic system and the Magnetic system. The whole of the electrons are being controlled at the time of emission and once it is controlled the beam goes in a straight line to the phosphorus coated screen.

陰極射線管的聚焦系統有助于電子不擴散。 沒有這種聚焦系統，電子將以圓錐形擴散，因為這是電子的趨向。 聚焦系統由電場和磁場組成。 所有的聚焦系統都與正在加速電子束的電極相鄰。 該聚焦系統內部有兩個主要系統：靜電系統和磁性系統。 整個電子在發射時都受到控制，一旦受到控制，電子束就會直線到達鍍磷的屏幕。

3)偏轉線圈 (3) Deflection Yoke)

There are two types of deflection needed in the Cathode Ray Tube: One controls the beam horizontally and the other controls the beam vertically. It is also necessary that the beam must be very very thin when it falls on the screen. The electron beam is moved in Raster Scan on the screen. We can adjust the brightness of the screen created by phosphorus by adjusting the electrode current. The Deflection Yoke consists of coils which are present in a set of two. Both the sets are perpendicular to each other and on the neck of the Cathode Ray Tube. These coils are shaped in a way to provide a linear magnetic field distribution.

陰極射線管需要兩種偏轉方式：一種是水平控制光束，另一種是垂直控制光束。 當光束落在屏幕上時，光束也必須非常非常細。 電子束在屏幕上的“光柵掃描”中移動。 我們可以通過調整電極電流來調整磷所產生的屏幕亮度。 偏轉線圈由兩個線圈組成。 兩組都彼此垂直，并位于陰極射線管的頸部。 這些線圈以提供線性磁場分布的方式成形。

磷鍍膜篩 (Phosphorus Coated Screen)

It is the screen of Cathode Ray Tube on which the electron beam falls. Its inner surface is coated by phosphorus. The reason for using phosphorus is that Phosphorus glows whenever a beam of high intensity of electrons hits on it.

這是電子束落在其上的陰極射線管的屏幕。 其內表面被磷覆蓋。 使用磷的原因是，每當高強度電子束撞擊磷時，磷就會發光。

陰極射線管的工作 (Working of Cathode Ray Tube)

The electron beam controls the working of Cathode Ray Tube. The electron gun generates an electron beam of high intensity when it is connected to high voltage. When the electron beam emits from the electron gun it passes through a pair of electrostatic and magnetic deflection coil which is on the neck of the electron gun. These coils are responsible for the horizontal and vertical movement of the beam. This beam falls on the screen and creates phosphorescence. This is the working of Cathode Ray Tube.

電子束控制陰極射線管的工作。 當電子槍連接到高電壓時，它會產生高強度的電子束。 當電子束從電子槍發射時，它穿過位于電子槍頸部的一對靜電和磁偏轉線圈。 這些線圈負責光束的水平和垂直運動。 該光束落在屏幕上并產生磷光。 這是陰極射線管的工作。

翻譯自: https://www.includehelp.com/computer-graphics/cathode-ray-tube-crt.aspx

圖形學 射線相交算法

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