C#后台创建Excel文件的那点事儿
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C#后台创建Excel文件的那点事儿
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??? 使用C#在應用中生成excel文檔，甚至再提供直接下載功能，算是一個比較常用的應用，這里記錄下自己遇到的幾種方法，還有一些需要注意的地方：?
?
? ??a) 首先定義一個數據類：
????{
????????public?string?Name?{?set;?get;?}
????????public?string?Address?{?set;?get;?}
????????public?string?Phone?{?set;?get;?}
????????public?string?GetContentByIndex(int?index)
????????{
????????????string?Value?=?string.Empty;
????????????switch?(index)
????????????{
????????????????case?1:
????????????????????Value?=?Name;
????????????????????break;
????????????????case?2:
????????????????????Value?=?Address;
????????????????????break;
????????????????case?3:
????????????????????Value?=?Phone;
????????????????????break;
????????????????default:
????????????????????Value?=?"";
????????????????????break;
????????????}
????????????return?Value;
????????}
????}
? ?? b) 最簡方法：直接通過拼湊HTML字符串來生成excel文件，優點是：代碼十分方便，無需任何的office接口擴展即可工作；不足為：覆蓋的單元格有限，雖然可以通過中間方法來設置，但仍存在打開時提示格式不正確的問題，隨不影響正常瀏覽及編輯，但對于一些需要通過代碼操作excel文件的應用，可能會遇到問題，比如通過OleDB來讀取內容的時候等。
?
?1?Public?void?GetExcelDataToClient()?2?{
?3?????????????List<DataContent>?arrDatas?=?new?List<DataContent>()?{?
?4?????????????new?DataContent()?{?Address="aaa",?Name="aaa",?Phone="aaa"?},
?5?????????????new?DataContent()?{?Address="bbb",?Phone="bbb",?Name="bbb"?},
?6?????????????new?DataContent()?{?Name="ccc",?Phone="ccc",?Address="ccc"}
?7?????????????};
?8?
?9?????????????StringBuilder?sb?=?new?StringBuilder("<HTML?xmlns:o=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office\"?xmlns:x=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel\"?xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40\"><HEAD><META?HTTP-EQUIV=\"Content-Type\"?content=\"text/html;?charset=gb_2312-80\"><TITLE></TITLE><style>td{mso-number-format:\"\\@\";}</style></HEAD><BODY><TABLE?border=\"1\">",?500);
10?????????????//?title?columns.
11?????????????sb.Append(string.Format("<TR><TD><B>Event_CourseId<B/></TD><TD><B>UserId</B></TD><TD><B>Attended</B></TD>{0}</TR>",?GetExCells(30)));
12?????????????//?content?columns.
13?????????????foreach?(DataContent?data?in?arrDatas)
14?????????????????sb.Append(string.Format("<TR><TD>{0}</TD><TD>{1}</TD><TD>{2}</TD>{3}</TR>",?data.Name,?data.Address,?data.Phone,?GetExCells(30)));
15?????????????//?add?extension?rows.
16?????????????sb.Append(GetExRows(50,?33));
17?????????????//?last?part.
18?????????????sb.Append("</TABLE></BODY></HTML>");
19?????????????//?response?the?result?as?a?excel?file.
20?????????????Response.ContentType?=?"application/vnd.ms-excel";
21?????????????Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition",?"attachment;?filename=DataList.xls;filetype=excel");
22?????????????Response.ContentEncoding?=?Encoding.GetEncoding("utf-8");
23?????????????Response.Write(sb.ToString());
24?????????????Response.Flush();
25?????????????Response.End();
26?}
27?????????//?add?the?extension?cells.
28?????????private?string?GetExCells(int?num)
29?????????{
30?????????????StringBuilder?sb?=?new?StringBuilder(200);
31?????????????for?(int?i?=?0;?i?<?num;?i++)
32?????????????????sb.Append("<TD></TD>");
33?????????????return?sb.ToString();
34?????????}
35?????????//?add?the?extension?rows.
36?????????private?string?GetExRows(int?rowNum,?int?colNum)
37?????????{
38?????????????StringBuilder?sb?=?new?StringBuilder(200);
39?????????????for?(int?i?=?0;?i?<?rowNum;?i++)
40?????????????????sb.Append(string.Format("<TR>{0}</TR>",?GetExCells(colNum)));
41?????????????return?sb.ToString();
42?}
? ??c) 通用接口方法：主要通過調用Office提供的接口組件Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel，來生成excel文件，其特點是可以消除內容單元格覆蓋不全的問題，而且也可以消除打開提示格式異常的問題，但針對通過OleDB來操作文件的情況，還必須按照一種比較嚴格的方式進行編寫才成，否則就會出現操作過程中格式異常的問題，下面為標準的寫法：
?
?1?private?void?Test4()
?2?????????{
?3?????????????string?filePath?=?@"C:\Test.xls";
?4?????????????List<DataContent>?arrDatas?=?new?List<DataContent>()?{?
?5?????????????new?DataContent()?{?Address="aaa",?Name="aaa",?Phone="aaa"?},
?6?????????????new?DataContent()?{?Address="bbb",?Phone="bbb",?Name="bbb"?},
?7?????????????new?DataContent()?{?Name="ccc",?Phone="ccc",?Address="ccc"}
?8?????????????};
?9?
10?????????????object?objOpt?=?System.Reflection.Missing.Value;
11?????????????Excel.Application?objExcel?=?null;
12?????????????Excel.Workbooks?objBooks?=?null;
13?????????????Excel.Workbook?objBook?=?null;
14?????????????try
15?????????????{
16?????????????????try
17?????????????????{
18?????????????????????objExcel?=?new?Excel.Application();
19?????????????????}
20?????????????????catch?(Exception?ex)
21?????????????????{
22?????????????????????Console.Write(ex.Message);
23?????????????????}
24?
25?????????????????objBooks?=?(Excel.Workbooks)objExcel.Workbooks;
26?????????????????objBook?=?(Excel.Workbook)(objBooks.Add(objOpt));
27?????????????????//?Add?data?to?cells?of?the?first?worksheet?in?the?new?workbook.
28?????????????????Excel.Sheets?objSheets?=?(Excel.Sheets)objBook.Worksheets;
29?????????????????Excel.Worksheet?objSheet?=?(Excel.Worksheet)(objSheets.get_Item(1));
30?????????????????objSheet.Name?=?"DataList";
31?????????????????objSheet.Cells[1,?1]?=?"Name";
32?????????????????objSheet.Cells[1,?2]?=?"Address";
33?????????????????objSheet.Cells[1,?3]?=?"Phone";
34?????????????????Excel.Range?objRange?=?objSheet.get_Range(objSheet.Cells[1,?1],?objSheet.Cells[1,?3]);
35?????????????????//objRange.Font.Bold?=?true;
36?????????????????objRange.Font.Size?=?18;
37?????????????????objRange.Interior.ColorIndex?=?37;
38?
39?????????????????for?(int?i?=?1;?i?<?4;?i++)
40?????????????????{
41?????????????????????objRange?=?objSheet.get_Range(objSheet.Cells[2,?i],?objSheet.Cells[2?+?arrDatas.Count,?i]);
42?????????????????????objRange.NumberFormatLocal?=?"@";
43?????????????????????for?(int?j?=?0;?j?<?arrDatas.Count;?j++)
44?????????????????????????objSheet.Cells[2?+?j,?i]?=?arrDatas[j].GetContentByIndex(i);
45?????????????????}
46?????????????????objSheet.Columns.AutoFit();
47?????????????????if?(System.IO.File.Exists(filePath))
48?????????????????????System.IO.File.Delete(filePath);
49?????????????????//?Save?the?file.
50?????????????????objBook.SaveAs(filePath,?Excel.XlFileFormat.xlWorkbookNormal,?objOpt,?objOpt,
51???????????????????????????objOpt,?objOpt,?Excel.XlSaveAsAccessMode.xlNoChange,
52??????????????????????????objOpt,?objOpt,?objOpt,?objOpt,?objOpt);
53?????????????????objBook.Close(false,?objOpt,?objOpt);
54?????????????????objExcel.Quit();
55?????????????????objExcel?=?null;
56?????????????????GC.Collect();
57?????????????????//?Response?the?file?to?client.
58?????????????????string?downloadFileName?=?string.Format("{0:yyyyMMdd}",?DateTime.Now)?+?"-"?+
59???????????????????????????????????????this.Page.User.Identity.Name?+?"-DataList.xls";
60?????????????????Response.ContentType?=?"application/vnd.ms-excel";
61?????????????????Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition",?"attachment;?filename="?+?downloadFileName?+?";filetype=excel");
62?????????????????Response.ContentEncoding?=?Encoding.GetEncoding("utf-8");
63?????????????????Response.WriteFile(filePath);
64?????????????????Response.Flush();
65?
66?????????????????if?(System.IO.File.Exists(filePath))
67?????????????????????System.IO.File.Delete(filePath);
68?????????????????Response.End();
69?????????????}
70?????????????catch?(Exception?ex)
71?????????????{
72?????????????????if?(objExcel?!=?null)
73?????????????????{
74?????????????????????try
75?????????????????????{
76?????????????????????????foreach?(Excel.Workbook?wb?in?objExcel.Workbooks)
77?????????????????????????{
78?????????????????????????????if?(wb?!=?null)
79?????????????????????????????{
80?????????????????????????????????try
81?????????????????????????????????{
82?????????????????????????????????????wb.Saved?=?true;
83?????????????????????????????????}
84?????????????????????????????????catch?{?}
85?????????????????????????????}
86?????????????????????????}
87?????????????????????????objExcel.Workbooks.Close();
88?????????????????????????objExcel.Quit();
89?????????????????????????objExcel?=?null;
90???????????????????????? GC.Collect();
91?????????????????????}
92?????????????????????catch?{?}
93?????????????????}
94?????????????}
95?????????}
96??
后記：在使用第二種方法的時候，可能會在34行遇到一個異常：“Object does not contain a definition for get_Range” ，可以通過更改Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.dll屬性中的“Embed Interop Types”設置為false繞過這個問題。
?
轉載于:https://www.cnblogs.com/guilin_gavin/archive/2010/01/04/1638872.html
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