在使用SAS進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)分析時(shí)候經(jīng)常需要對(duì)日期進(jìn)行處理和調(diào)用，因?yàn)閿?shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的文件大部分都有yyyymmdd格式的日期后綴。借助日歷表我們就可以更加靈活的對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)集進(jìn)行調(diào)用。
下面我們使用SAS創(chuàng)建日歷表calendar，該表共包含十個(gè)字段，序號(hào)n，日期date，年year，月month，日day，星期幾weekday，是否是工作日isworkday，對(duì)應(yīng)當(dāng)月第幾個(gè)工作日workday，當(dāng)月工作日天數(shù)workdays，對(duì)應(yīng)的工作日working_day（如果是工作日則對(duì)應(yīng)自身，如果是非工作日則對(duì)應(yīng)上一個(gè)工作日）

/*dd為上一年最后一個(gè)工作日，元旦假期對(duì)應(yīng)到該工作日*/ %let dd = 20191230;/*導(dǎo)入公共假期以及調(diào)班信息*/ data public;input date:date9. isworkday:best12. holiday_nm:$20.;format date yymmdd10.;datalines;'01jan2020'd 0 元旦'19jan2020'd 1 春節(jié)調(diào)班'24jan2020'd 0 春節(jié)'25jan2020'd 0 春節(jié)'26jan2020'd 0 春節(jié)'27jan2020'd 0 春節(jié)'28jan2020'd 0 春節(jié)'29jan2020'd 0 春節(jié)'30jan2020'd 0 春節(jié)'01feb2020'd 1 春節(jié)調(diào)班'04apr2020'd 0 清明'05apr2020'd 0 清明'06apr2020'd 0 清明'26apr2020'd 1 五一調(diào)班'01may2020'd 0 五一'02may2020'd 0 五一'03may2020'd 0 五一'04may2020'd 0 五一'05may2020'd 0 五一'09may2020'd 1 五一調(diào)班'25jun2020'd 0 端午'26jun2020'd 0 端午'27jun2020'd 0 端午'28jun2020'd 1 端午調(diào)班'27sep2020'd 1 國(guó)慶調(diào)班'01oct2020'd 0 國(guó)慶'02oct2020'd 0 國(guó)慶'03oct2020'd 0 國(guó)慶'04oct2020'd 0 國(guó)慶'05oct2020'd 0 國(guó)慶'06oct2020'd 0 國(guó)慶'07oct2020'd 0 國(guó)慶'08oct2020'd 0 國(guó)慶'10oct2020'd 1 國(guó)慶調(diào)班; run;/*使用do循環(huán)創(chuàng)建一整年的日歷日，并通過(guò)星期來(lái)判斷是否是工作日，需要注意的是SAS weekday返回的星期的數(shù)字是從星期天開(kāi)始，依次返回1,2,3,4,5,6,7*/ data calendar_01;do n = 1 to 367;date = input("&dd.", yymmdd.) + n;weekday = weekday(date);year = year(date);month = month(date);day = day(date);if workday in (7, 1) then isworkday = 0;else isworkday = 1;output;end;format date yymmdd10.; run; /*加入國(guó)家法定節(jié)假日和調(diào)班信息*/ proc sql; create table calendar_adj(drop = isworkday1) as select a.* ,coalesce(b.isworkday, a.isworkday1) as isworkday ,b.holiday_nm from calendar_01(rename = (isworkday = isworkday1)) as a left join public as b on a.date = b.date ; quit;/*計(jì)算每個(gè)日期是對(duì)應(yīng)月份的第幾個(gè)工作日，如果是非工作日則以前一個(gè)工作日替代*/ proc sort data = calendar_adj out = calendar_adj_sorted; by year month day; run; data calendar_adj2;set calendar_adj_sorted;by year month day;retain workday;if first.month then workday = 0;workday = sum(workday, isworkday); run;/*計(jì)算每個(gè)月有多少個(gè)工作日*/ data calendar_workdays;set calendar_adj_sorted;by year month day;retain workdays;if first.month then workdays = 0;workdays = sun(workdays, isworkday);if last.month then output;run;proc sql;create table calendar_adj3 asselecta.*,b.workdaysfrom calendar_adj2 as a left join calendar_workdays as b on a.year = b.year and a.month = b.monthorder by n;quit;/*最后計(jì)算每個(gè)日期所對(duì)應(yīng)的工作日，如果日期本身為工作日則對(duì)應(yīng)本身，如果日期為非工作日則對(duì)應(yīng)上一個(gè)工作日*/ data calendar;set calendar_adj3;if _n_ = 1 then working_day = date;else if isworkday = 0 then working_day = lag1(date)else working_day = lag0(date)format working_day yymmdd10.;run;

總結(jié)：通過(guò)日歷表我們就可以把日期對(duì)應(yīng)的工作日調(diào)整為yyyymmdd的格式，再賦值給宏變量，結(jié)合循環(huán)可以達(dá)到事半功倍的效果。

總結(jié)

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